A Two Qubit Logic Gate in Silicon

Abstract

Quantum computation requires qubits that can be coupled and realized in a scalable manner, together with universal and high-fidelity one- and two-qubit logic gates \cite{DiVincenzo2000, Loss1998}. Strong effort across several fields have led to an impressive array of qubit realizations, including trapped ions \cite{Brown2011}, superconducting circuits \cite{Barends2014}, single photons\cite{Kok2007}, single defects or atoms in diamond \cite{Waldherr2014, Dolde2014} and silicon \cite{Muhonen2014}, and semiconductor quantum dots \cite{Veldhorst2014}, all with single qubit fidelities exceeding the stringent thresholds required for fault-tolerant quantum computing \cite{Fowler2012}. Despite this, high-fidelity two-qubit gates in the solid-state that can be manufactured using standard lithographic techniques have so far been limited to superconducting qubits \cite{Barends2014}, as semiconductor systems have suffered from difficulties in coupling qubits and dephasing \cite{Nowack2011, Brunner2011, Shulman2012}. Here, we show that these issues can be eliminated altogether using single spins in isotopically enriched silicon\cite{Itoh2014} by demonstrating single- and two-qubit operations in a quantum dot system using the exchange interaction, as envisaged in the original Loss-DiVincenzo proposal \cite{Loss1998}. We realize CNOT gates via either controlled rotation (CROT) or controlled phase (CZ) operations combined with single-qubit operations. Direct gate-voltage control provides single-qubit addressability, together with a switchable exchange interaction that is employed in the two-qubit CZ gate. The speed of the two-qubit CZ operations is controlled electrically via the detuning energy and we find that over 100 two-qubit gates can be performed within a two-qubit coherence time of 8 \textmu s, thereby satisfying the criteria required for scalable quantum computation.

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• Cancelling second order frequency shifts in Ge hole spin qubits via bichromatic control
• Electronic Correlations in Multielectron Silicon Quantum Dots
• A generalized model of the noise spectrum of a two-level fluctuator in the presence of an electron subbath
• Entanglement between distant atoms mediated by a hybrid quantum system consisting of superconducting flux qubit and resonators
• Highly Tunable Two-Qubit Interactions in Si/SiGe Quantum Dots by Interchanging the Roles of Qubit-Defining Gates
• Simulating decoherence of two coupled spins using the generalized cluster correlation expansion
• Micromagnet-free operation of electron spin qubits in Si/Si${}_{1-x}$Ge${}_x$ vertical double quantum dots
• Effects of leakage on the realization of a discrete time crystal in a chain of singlet-triplet qubits
• Long range magnetic dipole-dipole interaction mediated by a superconductor
• Decoherence and fidelity enhancement during shuttling of entangled spin qubits
• Maximizing the information gain of a single ion microscope using bayes experimental design
• Quantum dynamics of spin-J particles in static and rotating magnetic fields: Entanglement resonances and kinks
• Spin qubit shuttling between coupled quantum dots with inhomogeneous Landé g-tensors
• Long-distance coupling of spin qubits via topological magnons
• Four-state discrimination for a pair of spin qubits via gate reflectometry
• Inter- and intra-band Coulomb interactions between holes in silicon nanostructures
• Robust composite two-qubit gates for silicon-based spin qubits
• Exploring entanglement resource in Si quantum dot systems with operational quasiprobability approach
• High-temperature operation of a silicon qubit
• Generation of chiral spin state by quantum simulation
• Designs for a two-dimensional Si quantum dot array with spin qubit addressability
• Spin-Dependent Transport Through a Colloidal Quantum Dot: The Role of Exchange Interactions
• Silicon Donor Array as a Disordered One-Dimensional Electron Gas
• Characterizing Si:P quantum dot qubits with spin resonance techniques
• Quantum Transport in 40-nm MOSFETs at Deep-Cryogenic Temperatures
• Landau-Zener Transitions in Spin Qubit Encoded in Three Quantum Dots
• Interaction without back-action in the context of quantum manipulation
• Two-qubit quantum Fourier transform and entanglement protected by circulant symmetry
• Limitations on the maximal level of entanglement of two singlet-triplet qubits in GaAs quantum dots
• Enhanced local addressability of a spin array with local exchange pulses and global microwave driving
• Effects of valley splitting on resonant-tunneling readout of spin qubits
• Switchable spin-photon coupling with hole spins in single-quantum dots