First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring

Abstract

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has mapped the central compact radio source of the elliptical galaxy M87 at 1.3 mm with unprecedented angular resolution. Here we consider the physical implications of the asymmetric ring seen in the 2017 EHT data. To this end, we construct a large library of models based on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations and synthetic images produced by general relativistic ray tracing. We compare the observed visibilities with this library and confirm that the asymmetric ring is consistent with earlier predictions of strong gravitational lensing of synchrotron emission from a hot plasma orbiting near the black hole event horizon. The ring radius and ring asymmetry depend on black hole mass and spin, respectively, and both are therefore expected to be stable when observed in future EHT campaigns. Overall, the observed image is consistent with expectations for the shadow of a spinning Kerr black hole as predicted by general relativity. If the black hole spin and M87's large scale jet are aligned, then the black hole spin vector is pointed away from Earth. Models in our library of non-spinning black holes are inconsistent with the observations as they do not produce sufficiently powerful jets. At the same time, in those models that produce a sufficiently powerful jet, the latter is powered by extraction of black hole spin energy through mechanisms akin to the Blandford-Znajek process. We briefly consider alternatives to a black hole for the central compact object. Analysis of existing EHT polarization data and data taken simultaneously at other wavelengths will soon enable new tests of the GRMHD models, as will future EHT campaigns at 230 and 345 GHz.

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• Hadronic High-energy Emission from Magnetically Arrested Disks in Radio Galaxies
• Spherical accretion in alternative theories of gravity
• Unraveling circular polarimetric images of magnetically arrested accretion flows near event horizon of a black hole
• Photon Ring Astrometry for Superradiant Clouds
• Gravitational lens without asymptotic flatness: Its application to the Weyl gravity
• Quasinormal modes of an improved Schwarzschild black hole
• Prediction for the interferometric shape of the first black hole photon ring
• The Structure of Radiatively Inefficient Black Hole Accretion Flows
• Multi-frequency Black Hole Imaging for the Next-Generation Event Horizon Telescope
• Comprehensive analysis of magnetospheric gaps around Kerr black holes using 1D GRPIC simulations
• Imprints of dark matter on gravitational ringing of supermassive black holes
• Testing Gravity with Black Hole Shadow Subrings
• Silhouettes of invisible black holes
• Equatorial light bending around Kerr-Newman black holes
• The Black Hole Explorer: Photon Ring Science, Detection and Shape Measurement
• The brightest point in accretion disk and black hole spin: implication to the image of black hole M87*
• Two-moment scheme for general-relativistic radiation hydrodynamics: a systematic description and new applications
• Observational Signatures of Frame Dragging in Strong Gravity
• How narrow is the M87* ring? II. A new geometric model
• Shadow of slowly rotating Kalb-Ramond black holes
• Strong gravitational lensing by a strongly naked null singularity
• Dynamical evolutions of $\ell$-boson stars in spherical symmetry
• Imprints of the Janis-Newman-Winicour spacetime on observations related to shadow and accretion
• Superentropic AdS Black Hole Shadows
• Acoustic black hole in Schwarzschild spacetime: quasi-normal modes, analogous Hawking radiation and shadows
• Rotating charged black holes shadow in quintessence
• Genuine N-partite entanglement and distributed relationships in the background of dilation black holes
• Black hole superradiant instability for massive spin-2 fields
• Pair Drizzle around Sub-Eddington Supermassive Black Holes
• Shadows, rings and optical appearance of a magnetically charged regular black hole illuminated by various accretion disks
• Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2018 EHT Campaign including a Very High Energy Flaring Episode
• Production and persistence of extreme two-temperature plasmas in radiative relativistic turbulence
• Microphysical Plasma Relations from Special-relativistic Turbulence
• Selective Dynamical Imaging of Interferometric Data
• Shadow of a charged black hole with scalar hair
• Perihelion Precession and Shadows near Blackholes and Naked Singularities
• Temperature properties in magnetised and radiatively cooled two-temperature accretion flows onto a black hole
• Using space-VLBI to probe gravity around Sgr A*
• Unraveling Twisty Linear Polarization Morphologies in Black Hole Images
• Rotating black holes with an anisotropic matter field
• On the approximation of the black hole shadow with a simple polar curve
• The Spin of M87*
• Physical Properties of a Regular Rotating Black Hole: Thermodynamics, Stability, Quasinormal Modes
• The Effects of Tilt on the Images of Black Hole Accretion Flows
• Black Hole Spin Signature in the Black Hole Shadow of M87 in the Flaring State
• The Powers of Relativistic Jets depend on the Spin of Accreting Supermassive Black Hole
• Deep Horizon; a machine learning network that recovers accreting black hole parameters
• The Galactic Center as a laboratory for theories of gravity and dark matter
• Particle energization in relativistic plasma turbulence: solenoidal versus compressive driving
• Effects of non-commutative geometry on black hole properties
• First Very Long Baseline Interferometry Detections at 870μm
• Spherically symmetric static black holes in Einstein-aether theory
• Properties of Trans-fast Magnetosonic Jets in Black Hole Magnetospheres
• Effective Potential and Topological Photon Spheres: A Novel Approach to Black Hole Parameter Classification
• Echoes from Hairy Black Holes
• Black hole parameter estimation with synthetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry data from the ground and from space
• Visibility of Black Hole Shadows in Low-luminosity AGN
• Bardeen solution with a cloud of strings
• Strong deflection limit analysis of black hole lensing in inhomogeneous plasma
• Gravitational perturbations of a Kerr black hole in $f(R)$ gravity
• Using Machine Learning to Link Black Hole Accretion Flows with Spatially Resolved Polarimetric Observables
• Influence of accretion disk on the optical appearance of the Kazakov-Solodukhin black hole
• Using evolutionary algorithms to model relativistic jets: Application to NGC 1052
• The high energy universe at ultra-high resolution: the power and promise of X-ray interferometry
• Shadow of black hole surrounded by magnetized plasma: Axion-plasmon cloud
• Looking for extra dimensions in the observed quasi-periodic oscillations of black holes
• EHT observables as a tool to estimate parameters of supermassive black holes
• Quasinormal modes, thermodynamics and shadow of black holes in Hu-Sawicki f(R) gravity theory
• Homoclinic orbit and the violation of the chaos bound around a black hole with anisotropic matter fields
• Shadows of rotating Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton black holes surrounded by a plasma
• Positron Effects on Polarized Images and Spectra from Jet and Accretion Flow Models of M87* and Sgr A*
• Variational Image Feature Extraction for the Event Horizon Telescope
• Constraining Fundamental Physics with the Event Horizon Telescope
• Testing General Relativity with X-ray reflection spectroscopy: The Konoplya-Rezzolla-Zhidenko parametrization
• Ion versus electron heating in compressively driven astrophysical gyrokinetic turbulence
• Post-Merger Jets from Supermassive Black Hole Coalescences as Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Wave Emission
• Demonstrating Photon Ring Existence with Single-Baseline Polarimetry
• Radiative Properties of Magnetically-Arrested Disks
• Probing spacetime and accretion model for the Galactic Center: Comparison of Kerr and dilaton black hole shadows
• Black hole Spin Measurement Based on Time-domain VLBI Observations of Infalling Gas Cloud
• Gravitational lens effect of a holonomy corrected Schwarzschild black hole
• A D-term Modeling Code (DMC) for simultaneous calibration and full-Stokes imaging of very long baseline interferometric data
• The intrinsic structure of Sagittarius A* at 1.3 cm and 7 mm
• Echoes from braneworld wormholes
• Study of Einstein-bumblebee gravity with Kerr-Sen-like solution in the presence of a dispersive medium
• Constraining spherically symmetric metrics by the gap between photon rings
• Strong gravitational lensing in a spacetime with topological charge within the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity
• Shadow of regular black hole in scalar-tensor-vector gravity theory
• Two-Temperature GRMHD Simulations of Black Hole Accretion Flows with Multiple Magnetic Loops
• Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with nonlinear electrodynamics
• Magnetically Arrested Disks in Quiescent Black-Hole Binaries: Formation Scenario, Observable Signatures, and Potential PeVatrons
• Polarimetric signatures of the photon ring of a black hole that is pierced by a cosmic axion string
• Horizonless spacetimes as seen by present and next-generation Event Horizon Telescope arrays
• Electromagnetic Quasinormal modes of Dyonic AdS black holes with quasi-topological electromagnetism in a Horndeski gravity theory mimicking EGB gravity at $D\to 4$
• Energy Extraction via Magnetic Reconnection in the Ergosphere of a rotating non-Kerr Black Hole
• Optical features of rotating quintessential charged black holes in de-Sitter spacetime
• Brightness Asymmetry of Black Hole Images as a Probe of Observer Inclination
• Circular orbits and polarized images of charged particles orbiting Kerr black hole with a weak magnetic field
• Circular orbits and thin accretion disk around a quantum corrected black hole
• Signatures of Einstein-Maxwell dilaton-axion gravity from the observed jet power and the radiative efficiency
• Disks as Inhomogeneous, Anisotropic Gaussian Random Fields
• Comparison of Polarized Radiative Transfer Codes used by the EHT Collaboration
• Particle Diffusion and Acceleration in Magnetorotational Instability Turbulence
• Implications of Einstein-Maxwell dilaton-axion gravity from the black hole continuum spectrum
• Accretion of the relativistic Vlasov gas in the equatorial plane of the Kerr black hole
• Superradiance and Stability of Kerr Black Hole Enclosed by Anisotropic Fluid Matter
• Bayesian Accretion Modeling: Axisymmetric Equatorial Emission in the Kerr Spacetime
• The effect of scalar hair on the charged black hole with the images from accretions disk
• Distinguishing Brans-Dicke-Kerr type naked singularities and black holes with their thin disk electromagnetic radiation properties
• Signatures of regular black holes from the shadow of Sgr A* and M87*
• Quasinormal modes of black holes with a scalar hair in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory
• Lifetime of scalar cloud formation around a rotating regular black hole
• Relative depolarization of the black hole photon ring in GRMHD models of Sgr A* and M87*
• Active Galactic Nuclei as potential Sources of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
• Exploring Nonlinear Electrodynamics Theories: Shadows of Regular Black Holes and Horizonless Ultra-Compact Objects
• Shadows and photon rings of a spherically accreting Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole
• GPCAL: a generalized calibration pipeline for instrumental polarization in VLBI data
• Detection of Cosmic Structures using the Bispectrum Phase. II. First Results from Application to Cosmic Reionization Using the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
• Binary mergers in strong gravity background of Kerr black hole
• Physical parameters of active galactic nuclei derived from properties of jet geometry transition region
• Charged black holes in non-linear Q-clouds with O(3) symmetry
• Radiation GRMHD simulations of M87: funnel properties and prospects for gap acceleration
• Constraining a black hole companion for M87* through imaging by the Event Horizon Telescope
• RadioAstron discovery of a mini-cocoon around the restarted parsec-scale jet in 3C 84
• Constraining the Generalized Uncertainty Principle with the light twisted by rotating black holes and M87*
• A Jet-Bases Emission Model of the EHT 2017 Image of M87*
• Implications of axionic hair on shadow of M87*
• Static spherically symmetric configurations with N non-linear scalar fields: global and asymptotic properties
• Accretion of a Vlasov gas on to a black hole from a sphere of finite radius and the role of angular momentum
• Rotation in Event Horizon Telescope Movies
• Birefringence Tomography for Axion Cloud
• Signatures of the accelerating black holes with a cosmological constant from the ${\text{Sgr A}}^{\star }$ and ${\text{M87}}^{\star }$ shadow prospects
• Enabling Transformational ngEHT Science via the Inclusion of 86 GHz Capabilities
• Light echos and coherent autocorrelations in a black hole spacetime
• Tidal response and near-horizon boundary conditions for spinning exotic compact objects
• Observability of spherical photon orbits in near-extremal Kerr black holes
• A quantum-corrected approach to black hole radiation via a tunneling process
• Resolving accretion flows in nearby active galactic nuclei with the Event Horizon Telescope
• M87: a cosmic laboratory for deciphering black hole accretion and jet formation
• Retrograde Polish Doughnuts around Boson Stars
• General relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of perturbed transonic accretion
• On Spin Dependence of the Fundamental Plane of Black Hole Activity
• Polarization Imaging of M87 Jets by General Relativistic Radiative Transfer Calculation based on GRMHD Simulations
• Geodesic structure, shadow and optical appearance of black hole immersed in Chaplygin-like dark fluid
• Detecting Axion Dark Matter with Black Hole Polarimetry
• Magnetic Reconnection in Black-Hole Magnetospheres: Lepton Loading into Jets, Superluminal Radio Blobs, and Multi-wavelength Flares
• Gaussian tripartite steering in Schwarzschild black hole
• Relativistic Bulk Rheology: From Neutron Star Mergers to Viscous Cosmology
• The shadows of accelerating Kerr-Newman black hole and constraints from M87*
• Shadows in dyonic Kerr-Sen black holes
• Quantum gravity lights up spinning black holes
• Quasinormal modes in two-photon autocorrelation and the geometric-optics approximation
• The jet and resolved features of the central supermassive black hole of M 87 observed with EHT
• Effect of gravitational wave on shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole
• Axial gravitational quasinormal modes of a self-dual black hole in loop quantum gravity
• Precession and Lense-Thirring effect of hairy Kerr spacetimes
• $2+1$ Einstein-Klein-Gordon black holes by gravitational decoupling
• Implications from the velocity profile of the M87 jet: a possibility of a slowly rotating black hole magnetosphere
• Flares and their echoes can help distinguish photon rings from black holes with space-Earth very long baseline interferometry
• The Role of Adaptive Ray Tracing in Analyzing Black Hole Structure
• Cuspy and fractured black hole shadows in a toy model with axisymmetry
• Near-Horizon Polarization as a Diagnostic of Black Hole Spacetime
• Prospects for multi-messenger extended emission from core-collapse supernovae in the Local Universe
• Quasinormal modes of charged black holes in higher-dimensional Einstein-power-Maxwell theory
• Schwarzschild Black Hole Surrounded by Perfect Fluid Dark Matter in the presence of Quintessence Matter Field
• Orientation of the crescent image of M 87*
• Quasinormal Modes for Dynamical Black Holes
• Spins of black holes in coalescing compact binaries
• Inferring the Intermediate Mass Black Hole Number Density from Gravitational Wave Lensing Statistics
• Winds and Disk Turbulence Exert Equal Torques on Thick Magnetically Arrested Disks
• Bound Orbits and Gravitational Wave Radiation Around the Hairy Black Hole
• Bremsstrahlung in GRMHD models of accreting black holes
• Kerr spacetime geometric optics for vortex beams
• Testing black hole equatorial reflection symmetry using Sgr A* shadow images
• High-energy neutrino emission subsequent to gravitational wave radiation from supermassive black hole mergers
• Shadows of magnetically charged rotating black holes surrounded by quintessence
• Quasinormal modes, temperatures and greybody factors of black holes in a generalized Rastall gravity theory
• Rotating Black Hole in Kalb-Ramond Gravity: Constraining Parameters by Comparison with EHT Observations of Sgr A* and M87*
• The Variability of the Black-Hole Image in M87 at the Dynamical Time Scale
• Shadows around the q-metric
• Geodesic of nonlinear electrodynamics and stable photon orbits
• Probing Intermediate Mass Black Holes in M87 through Multi-Wavelength Gravitational Wave Observations
• Magnetically Arrested Circumbinary Accretion Flows
• Shadow of quantum extended Kruskal black hole and its super-radiance property
• Survey of Radiative, Two-Temperature Magnetically Arrested Simulations of the Black Hole M87* I: Turbulent Electron Heating
• Observational tests of quantum extension of Schwarzschild spacetime in loop quantum gravity with stars in the galactic center
• Differentiating Disk and Black Hole Driven Jets with EHT Images of Variability in M87
• Phase-space entropy cascade and irreversibility of stochastic heating in nearly collisionless plasma turbulence
• Is a black hole shadow a reliable test of the no-hair theorem?
• Signatures of Black Hole Spin and Plasma Acceleration in Jet Polarimetry
• Primordial gravastar from inflation
• Polarization Whorls from M87* at the Event Horizon Telescope
• Toward General-Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations in Stationary Non-Vacuum Spacetimes
• Shadow Geometry of Kerr Naked Singularities
• Mass parameter and the bounds on redshifts and blueshifts of photons emitted from geodesic particle orbiting in the vicinity of regular black holes
• GUP-corrected black holes: Thermodynamic properties, evaporation time and shadow constraint from EHT Observations of M87* and Sgr A*
• Impacts of Jets and Winds From Primordial Black Holes
• Can we detect a supertranslated black hole?
• The Axial Gravitational Ringing of a Spherically Symmetric Black Hole Surrounded by Dark Matter Spike
• Strong deflection of massive particles in spherically symmetric spacetimes
• Discovery of Limb Brightening in the Parsec-scale Jet of NGC 315 through Global Very Long Baseline Interferometry Observations and Its Implications for Jet Models
• A Characterization of the ALMA Phasing System at 345 GHz
• Invariants in Co-polar Interferometry: an Abelian Gauge Theory
• Spherical Accretion Flow onto General Parameterized Spherically Symmetric Black Hole Spacetimes
• Jets and Rings in Images of Spinning Black Holes
• Shadows and accretion disk images of charged rotating black hole in modified gravity theory
• On new regular charged black hole solutions: Limiting Curvature Condition, Quasinormal modes and Shadows
• Geodesics, accretion disk, gravitational lensing, time delay, and effects on neutrinos induced by a non-commutative black hole
• Observability of the innermost stable circular orbit in a near-extremal Kerr black hole
• 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity: Massless particles and absorption of planar spin-0 waves
• Gravitoelectromagnetic coupled perturbations and quasinormal modes of a charged black hole with scalar hair
• Black holes and other spherical solutions in quadratic gravity with a cosmological constant
• Observational Appearance of a Freely-falling Star in an Asymmetric Thin-shell Wormhole
• Testing horizon topology with electromagnetic observations
• Imaging ultra-compact objects with radiatively inefficient accretion flows
• MeqSilhouette v2: Spectrally-resolved polarimetric synthetic data generation for the Event Horizon Telescope
• Probing Axions via Light Circular Polarization and Event Horizon Telescope
• Fundamental oscillation modes of scalar bosonic dark stars
• Chaotic photon orbits and shadows of a non-Kerr object described by the Hartle-Thorne spacetime
• Blacklight: A General-Relativistic Ray-Tracing and Analysis Tool
• Probing Plasma Physics with Spectral Index Maps of Accreting Black Holes on Event Horizon Scales
• Scale-dependent slowly rotating black holes with flat horizon structure
• Antisymmetric tensor influence on charged black hole lensing phenomena and time delay
• Students' understanding of gravity using the rubber sheet analogy: an Italian experience
• Shadows and rings of a de Sitter-Schwarzschild black hole
• Quasinormal modes and the correspondence with shadow in black holes with a deficit solid angle and quintessence-like matter
• Shadow thermodynamics of the Hayward-AdS black hole
• New test on the Einstein equivalence principle through the photon ring of black holes
• Adiabatic Index in Fluid Models of Collisionless Black Hole Accretion
• Gravitational analog of Faraday rotation in the magnetized Kerr and Reissner-Nordström spacetimes
• Genuine tripartite entanglement of W state subject to Hawking effect of a Schwarzschild black hole
• Measuring the Ellipticity of M 87* Images
• Strong gravitational lens image of the M87 black hole with a simple accreting matter model
• Scalar Hairy Black Holes with Inverted Mexican Hat Potential
• Shadows and quasinormal modes of a charged non-commutative black hole by different methods
• Comparing thin accretion disk properties of naked singularities and black holes
• Spacetime-curvature induced uncertainty principle: linking the large-structure global effects to the local black hole physics
• Synchrotron intensity plots from a relativistic stratified jet
• Photon Emission Near Myers-Perry Black Holes in the Large Dimension Limit
• Shadow behavior of an EMSG charged black hole
• Non-commutativity in Hayward spacetime
• Transforming singular black holes into regular black holes sourced by nonlinear electrodynamics
• Horizon entanglement area law from regular black hole thermodynamics
• Probing the innermost regions of AGN jets and their magnetic fields with RadioAstron IV. The quasar 3C 345 at 18 cm: Magnetic field structure and brightness temperature
• Constructing noncommutative black holes
• Blandford-Znajek Process in Quadratic Gravity
• VLBI imaging of black holes via second moment regularization
• Misaligned magnetized accretion flows onto spinning black holes: Magneto-spin alignment, outflow power, and intermittent jets
• The evolutions of the innermost stable circular orbits in dynamical spacetimes
• Gap-type Particle Acceleration in the Magnetospheres of Rotating Supermassive Black Holes
• Test the Weak Cosmic Censorship Conjecture in Torus-Like Black Hole under Charged Scalar Field
• Shadow Thermodynamics of AdS Black Hole with the Nonlinear Electrodynamics Term
• Hybrid GRMHD and Force-Free Simulations of Black Hole Accretion
• Geodesic analysis and black hole shadows on a general non--extremal rotating black hole in five--dimensional gauged supergravity
• Black Holes and Neutron Stars in an Oscillating Universe
• RAIKOU: A General Relativistic, Multi-wavelength Radiative Transfer Code
• The Next Generation Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration: History, Philosophy, and Culture
• Angle-dependent pair production in the polarized two-photon Breit-Wheeler process
• Iterative solutions for the gravitational lens equation in the strong deflection limit
• Blandford-Znajek jets in MOdified Gravity
• Constraining modified gravity theories with scalar fields using black-hole images
• Influence of dark matter equation of state on the axial gravitational ringing of supermassive black holes
• Novel regular black holes: geometry, source and shadow
• Influence of plasma on the optical appearance of spinning black hole in Kalb-Ramond gravity and its Existence around M87* and Sgr A*
• Determination of the spin parameter and the inclination angle by the relativistic images in black hole image
• Constraints on the black-hole charges of M87* and Sagittarius A* by changing rates of photon spheres can be relaxed
• Principal-Component Interferometric Modeling (PRIMO), an Algorithm for EHT Data I: Reconstructing Images from Simulated EHT Observations
• Cosmological implications of the Weyl geometric gravity theory
• Dark matter from primordial black holes would hold charge
• Is a photon ring invariably a closed structure?
• Optical appearance of numerical black hole solutions in higher derivative gravity
• Bayesian Black Hole Photogrammetry
• Distinguishing black holes with and without spontaneous scalarization in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theories via optical features
• Electromagnetic Energy Extraction from Kerr Black Holes: Ab-Initio Calculations
• Shadow of the wormholelike static aether solution
• A multi-frequency study of sub-parsec jets with the Event Horizon Telescope
• Deciphering signatures of Bardeen black holes from the observed quasi-periodic oscillations
• Rotating five-dimensional electrically charged Bardeen regular black holes
• Spins of supermassive black holes M87* and SgrA* revealed from the size of dark spots in Event Horizon Telescope Images
• Geodetic precession and shadow of quantum extended black holes
• Polarimetric Geometric Modeling for mm-VLBI Observations of Black Holes
• Thermodynamics of Black Holes with Rényi Entropy from Classical Gravity
• Propagation of light in the presence of gravity generated by static and spherically symmetric curved space-times using Maxwell equations
• Stringent constraints on the light boson model with supermassive black hole spin measurements
• Charged cosmological black holes: a thorough study of a family of solutions
• Two-dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations of axisymmetric black hole magnetospheres
• Dynamics and Emission Properties of Flux Ropes from Two-Temperature GRMHD Simulations with Multiple Magnetic Loops
• Toward a Full MHD Jet Model of Spinning Black Holes--II: Kinematics and Application to the M87 Jet
• Impacts of nonthermal emission on the images of a black hole shadow and extended jets in two-temperature GRMHD simulations
• Self-consistent multidimensional Penrose process driven by magnetic reconnection
• Energy Extraction from a Black Hole by a Strongly Magnetized Thin Accretion Disk
• Charged gravastar model in noncommutative geometry under $f(\mathbb{T})$ gravity
• Shadows and parameter estimation of rotating quantum corrected black holes and constraints from EHT observation of M87* and Sgr A*
• Imaging a ring-like structure and the extended jet of M87 at 86 GHz
• Influences of modified Chaplygin dark fluid around a black hole
• Magnetically arrested disk flux eruption events to describe SgrA* flares
• Nonseparability of multipartite systems in dilaton black hole
• The ring-shaped shadow of rotating naked singularity with a complete photon sphere
• Radii of spherical photon orbits around Kerr-Newman black holes
• Shadows aspect of rotating black holes in the Einstein-AdS SU(N)-nonlinear sigma model
• Thermodynamic geometry of static and rotating regular black holes in conformal massive gravity
• Exploring the shear viscosity in four-dimensional planar black holes beyond General Relativity
• Accretion flows around exotic tidal wormholes I. Ray-tracing
• Lepto-hadronic jet-disc model for the multi-wavelength SED of M87
• Detection of Cosmic Structures using the Bispectrum Phase. I. Mathematical Foundations
• Black Hole Shadows Constrain Extended Gravity
• Event-horizon-scale Imaging of M87* under Different Assumptions via Deep Generative Image Priors
• Reconciling EHT and Gas Dynamics Measurements in M87: Is the Jet Misaligned at Parsec Scales?
• Escape probability of particle from Kerr-Sen black hole
• Multi-Frequency Models of Black Hole Photon Rings from Low-Luminosity Accretion Disks
• Black hole photon ring beyond General Relativity: an integrable parametrization
• Four $\mathbb{STU}$ Black Holes Shadows
• Chaotic magnetic disconnections trigger flux eruptions in accretion flows channeled onto magnetically saturated Kerr black holes
• Effects of Hydrogen vs. Helium on Electromagnetic Black Hole Observables
• Gravitational wave cosmology I: high frequency approximation
• On the causality properties in non-local gravity theories
• Emissions of photons near the horizons of Kerr-Sen black holes
• Propagation and Fluxes of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in f(R) Gravity Theory
• Limiting effects in clusters of misaligned toroids orbiting static SMBHs
• Particle Dynamics Around the Black String
• Compact objects in quadratic Palatini gravity generated by a free scalar field
• Interferometric signature of higher-order images in a parametrized framework
• Measuring Black Hole Light Echoes with Very Long Baseline Interferometry
• Effect of quintessence dark energy on the shadow of Hayward black holes with spherical accretion
• Gravitational lensing by a stable rotating regular black hole
• Bounds on the Horndeski Gauge-Gravity Coupling
• Positive Energy Functional for Massless Scalars in Rotating Black Hole Backgrounds of Maximal Ungauged Supergravity
• An Effective Model for the Quantum Schwarzschild Black Hole: Weak Deflection Angle, Quasinormal Modes and Bounding of Greybody Factor
• Towards a Full MHD Jet Model of Spinning Black Holes--I: Framework and a split monopole example
• Free-falling test particles in a charged Kalb-Ramond black hole: gravitational Doppler effect and tidal forces
• Observable Signatures of RN Black Holes with Dark Matter Halos via Strong Gravitational Lensing and Constraints from EHT Observations
• Black holes immersed in polytropic scalar field gas
• Galactic black hole immersed in a dark halo with its surrounding thin accretion disk
• Extreme lensing induces spectro-temporal correlations in black-hole signals
• Gravity versus astrophysics in black hole images and photon rings: Equatorial emissions and spherically symmetric space-times
• Parametrized black holes: Scattering investigation
• Nonminimal global monopole
• Black Hole Shadow Observations with Space-Ground Interferometers
• Interferometry of black holes with Hawking radiation
• Forward Ray Tracing and Hot Spots in Kerr Spacetime
• Influence of Quantum Correction on Kerr Black Hole in Effective Loop Quantum Gravity via Shadows and EHT Results
• Motion of test particle in rotating boson star
• Gravitational lens on de-Sitter background
• Black hole shadow and Wandering null geodesics
• Photon Ring Interferometric Signatures Beyond The Universal Regime
• Observational test of ${\mathcal{R}}^2$ spacetimes with the S2 star in the Milky Way galactic center
• Illuminating Black Hole Shadow with Dark Matter Annihilation
• Quasi-local studies of the particle surfaces and their stability in general spacetimes
• Test the Weak Cosmic Supervision Conjecture in Dark Matter-Black Hole System
• Tidal effects in the motion of gas clouds around boson stars
• Observational Signatures of Black Hole Accretion: Rotating vs. Spherical Flows with Tilted Magnetic Fields
• Co-precession of a curved jet and compact accretion disk in M87
• Geometric Support for Dark Matter by an Unaligned Einstein Ring in Abell 3827
• Accretion flow in deformed Kerr spacetime: Spectral energy distributions from free-free emission
• FANTASY: User-Friendly Symplectic Geodesic Integrator for Arbitrary Metrics with Automatic Differentiation
• The $\text{q}$-metric naked singularity: A viable explanation for the nature of the central object in the Milky Way
• Black Hole Weather Forecasting with Deep Learning: A Pilot Study
• Strong gravitational lensing of rotating regular black holes in non-minimally coupled Einstein-Yang-Mills theory
• First polarization study of the M87 jet and active galactic nuclei at submillimeter wavelengths with ALMA
• High-energy Gamma-rays from Magnetically Arrested Disks in Nearby Radio Galaxies
• Survey of Non-thermal Electron around Supermassive Black Holes through Polarization Flips
• New estimates of the spin and accretion rate of the black hole M87*
• An independent hybrid imaging of Sgr A* from the data in EHT 2017 observations
• Matter density distribution of general relativistic highly magnetized jets driven by black holes
• Magnetic flux eruptions at the root of time-lags in low-luminosity AGN
• Shadows of Kerr-Vaidya-like black holes
• High spin expansion for null geodesics
• Method of distinguishing between black holes and wormholes
• Gravitational lens on a static optical constant-curvature background: Its application to Weyl gravity model
• Electromagnetic absorption, emission and scattering spectra of black holes with tidal charge
• Deep learning inference with the Event Horizon Telescope III. Zingularity results from the 2017 observations and predictions for future array expansions
• Geometric phase in Taub-NUT spacetime
• Anisotropies of Diffusive Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays in $f(R)$ Gravity Theory
• Thermodynamics of the Weyl Geometric Gravity Black Holes
• Rotating Black Hole with an Anisotropic Matter Field as a Particle Accelerator
• A stationary axisymmetric vacuum solution for pure $R^2$ gravity
• Shadows and photon spheres in static and rotating traversable wormholes
• A regular metric does not ensure the regularity of spacetime
• Regular Kiselev black hole with a de Sitter core
• Imaging the event horizon of M87* from space on different timescales
• A broadband X-ray view of the NLSy1 1E 0754.6+392.8
• QED Effects on Kerr-Newman Black Hole Shadows
• Optical appearance of the Schwarzschild black hole in the string cloud context
• Inhomogeneous spacetimes in Einstein-æther Cosmology
• Extended Geometric Trinity of Gravity
• Nondivergent deflection of light around a photon sphere of a compact object
• Remarks on the light ring images and the optical appearance of hairy black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity
• On optical appearance of Einstein-Maxwell-Æther black holes surrounded by various accretions
• Effect of quantum deformed black hole on BH shadow in two-dimensional Dilaton gravity
• Strong-field gravitational lensing by black holes
• SYMBA: An end-to-end VLBI synthetic data generation pipeline
• The Shadow of Supertranslated Schwarzschild Black Hole
• New rotating Lorentzian wormhole spacetime
• Effects of Superradiance in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Thermodynamic and observational constraints on black holes with primary hair in Beyond Horndeski Gravity: Stability and shadows
• Gravitational analog of the canonical acoustic black hole in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory
• Semi-analytic studies of accretion disk and magnetic field geometry in M87*
• Probing Accretion Turbulence in the Galactic Center with EHT Polarimetry
• Fate of initially bound timelike geodesics in spherical boson stars
• Effect of matter geometry on low angular momentum black hole accretion in the Kerr metric
• Image of Quantum Improved Regular Kerr Black Hole and Parameter Constraints from EHT Observations
• Climbing out of the shadows: building the distance ladder with black hole images
• Correspondence between two gravitational lens equations in a static and spherically symmetric spacetime
• Topological Data Analysis of Black Hole Images
• Deep learning inference with the Event Horizon Telescope I. Calibration improvements and a comprehensive synthetic data library
• Deep learning inference with the Event Horizon Telescope II. The Zingularity framework for Bayesian artificial neural networks
• Generalized general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic equations for plasmas of active galactic nuclei in the era of the Event Horizon Telescope
• Light rings in static and extremal black holes
• Stability of regular black holes and other compact objects with a charged de Sitter core and a surface matter layer
• Purely metric Horndeski theories and spontaneous curvaturization of black holes
• Did the Event Horizon Telescope Detect the Base of the Sub-Milliarsecond Tubular Jet in M\,87?
• Inertial range of magnetorotational turbulence
• Properties of Ultralight Bosons from Spins of Heavy Quasars via Superradiance
• Gödel-type Solutions in Cubic Galileon Gravity
• A probabilistic approach to phase calibration: I. Effects of source structure on fringe-fitting
• The Effects of Resolution on Black Hole Accretion Simulations of Jets
• The Japanese Vision for the Black Hole Explorer Mission
• Fractal signatures of non-Kerr spacetimes in the shadow of light-ring bifurcations
• Observational features of reflection asymmetric black holes
• Strong gravitational lensing by black hole in F(R) Euler Heisenberg Gravity's Rainbow
• On the Universality of Energy Extraction from Black Hole Spacetimes
• Computational General Relativistic Force-Free Electrodynamics: I. Multi-Coordinate Implementation and Testing
• Mushroom-instability-driven Magnetic Reconnections in Collisionless Relativistic Jets
• Perturbations of Black Holes Surrounded by Anisotropic Matter Field
• Primary Proca Hair and the Double-Peak Optics of Black Holes
• Synchrotron emitting Komissarov torus around naked singularities
• Traversable wormholes with multiple unstable critical curves
• Interferometric Image Reconstruction using Closure Invariants and Machine Learning
• The surface geometry and shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole with halo
• Quantumness near the Schwarzschild black hole based on W-state
• Probing a Lorentz-violating parameter from orbital precession of the S2 star around the galactic centre supermassive black hole
• The Study of Jet Formation Mechanism in Fermi Blazars
• Shadowless rapidly rotating yet not ultraspinning Kerr-AdS${}_4$ and Kerr-Newman-AdS${}_4$ black holes
• Overlapping of photon rings in black hole imaging
• Signatures of regular black holes from the quasar continuum spectrum
• Not all spacetime coordinates for general-relativistic ray tracing are created equal
• A proof-of-concept neural network for inferring parameters of a black hole from partial interferometric images of its shadow
• Shadow and thin accretion disk around Ayón-Beato-García black hole coupled with cloud of strings
• Origin of the ring ellipticity in the black hole images of M87*
• Photon ring autocorrelations from gravitational fluctuations around a black hole
• Non-Topological Soliton Bardeen Boson Stars and Their Frozen States
• Scalar absorption cross section of rotating black holes with tidal charge
• Charged Black Holes in Einsteinian Quartic Gravity
• The Details of Limb Brightening Reveal the Structure of the Base of the Jet in M\,87 for the First Time
• Shadows of a generic class of spherically symmetric, static spacetimes
• Impact of the nonthermal electron radiation effects on the horizon scale image structure of Sagittarius A*
• Aberration effect on lower-order images of thin accretion disk in the astrometric approach
• Shadow of Kerr black hole surrounded by a cloud of strings in Rastall gravity and constraints from M87*
• Interferometric Closure Phase Uncertainties in the Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio Regime
• Strong Lensing Effect and Quasinormal Modes of Oscillations of Black Holes in $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{R},\mathbf{T})$ Gravity Theory
• Magnetic Suppression of Cosmic Rays' Flux in $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{R})$ and $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{Q})$ Theories of Gravity
• Black holes surrounded by massive vector fields in Kaluza-Klein gravity
• Strong Gravitational Lensing Effects of the Rotating Short-Haired Black Hole and Constraints from EHT Observations
• Scale Statistics of Current Sheets in Relativistic Collisionless Plasma Turbulence
• First-principles measurement of ion and electron energization in collisionless accretion flow
• Efficient gravitational lens optical scalars calculation of black holes with angular momentum
• Relativistic Reflection Modeling in AGN and Related Variability from PCA: A Brief Review
• Dynamics of scalar hair with self-interactions around a Schwarzchild black hole
• The cylindrical jet base of M87 within 100$\mu \mathrm{as}$ of the central engine
• Kiselev-inspired Wormholes
• Spontaneous Vectorization in the Einstein-Maxwell-Vector Model
• Quasinormal Modes and Shadows of Black Holes in Infinite Derivative Theory of Gravity
• Shadow of higher dimensional collapsing dark star and blackhole
• Measuring black hole spins with x-ray reflection spectroscopy: A GRMHD outlook
• On static and rotating decoupled black holes without inner horizons
• Probing the horizon of black holes with gravitational waves
• Gravitational waveform model based on photon motion for spinning black holes
• Non-thermal Synchrotron Emission and Polarization Signatures during Black Hole Flux Eruptions
• HST-1 as a Window to the Energetics of the Jet Spine of M87
• Accretion of the degenerate Fermi gas onto a Reissner-Nordström black hole
• Accretion Process as a Probe of Extra Dimensions in MOG Compact Object Spacetimes
• Thermodynamic Topology of Black Holes within Tsallis Statistics
• Morphology of Relativistically Broadened Line Emission from Axisymmetric Equatorial Accretion Disks
• Probing Fundamental Physics with Gravitational Waves
• Regular black hole solutions in $(2+1)$-dimensional $f(R,T)$ gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics
• Probing Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar Black hole via Thin Accretion Disks and Shadows with EHT Observations of M87* and Sgr A*
• A relativistic two-stream instability in an extremely low-density plasma
• Shadow of axisymmetric, stationary and asymptotically flat black holes in the presence of plasma
• Superradiance scattering of scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational fields and thin accretion disk around non-commutating Kerr black hole
• Is it possible to distinguish between different black hole solutions using the Shapiro time delay?
• Constraining eV-scale axion-like particle dark matter: insights from the M87 Galaxy
• Shadow of quadrupole-deformed compact objects in a local dark matter shell
• Testing the Existence of Event Horizons against Rotating Reflecting Surfaces
• Jet Archaeology and Forecasting: Image Variability and Magnetic Field Configuration
• Limits on the existence of totally reflective exotic compact objects with current and future gravitational-wave detectors
• rPICARD: A CASA-based Calibration Pipeline for VLBI Data. Calibration and imaging of 7 mm VLBA observations of the AGN jet in M87
• Measuring the properties of homogeneous turbulence in curved spacetimes
• Imprints of non-commutativity on charged black holes
• Axisymmetric black hole in a non-commutative gauge theory: classical and quantum gravity effects
• Gravitational wave pulse and memory effects for hairy Kiselev black hole and its analogy with Bondi-Sachs formalism
• Shadow and near-horizon characteristics of the acoustic charged black hole in curved spacetime
• Screen chaotic motion by Shannon entropy in curved spacetimes
• Limiting the Yukawa Gravity through the Black Hole Shadows of Sgr A* and M87*
• $\text{Jipole}$: A Differentiable $\text{ipole}$-based Code for Radiative Transfer in Curved Spacetimes
• Detecting Black Hole Occultations by Stars with Space Interferometric Telescopes
• Analytical and Numerical Methods and Test Calculations of One-Dimensional Force--Free Magnetodynamics on Arbitrary Magnetic Surfaces across Horizons of Spinning Black Holes
• Helical magnetic field structure in 3C 273. A Faraday rotation analysis using multi-frequency polarimetric VLBA data
• Scale-invariance of black hole accretion: modeling emission from a black hole X-ray binary with relativistic accretion flow simulations
• Strong gravitational lensing of a five-dimensional charged, equally rotating black hole with a cosmological constant
• A Red-Noise Eigenbasis for the Reconstruction of Blobby Images
• Shadows cast by a class of rotating black bounces with an anisotropic fluid
• Investigating the existence of gravitomagnetic monopole in M87*
• Microlensing Black Hole Shadows
• Exploring black holes with multiple photon spheres by interferometric signatures
• Constraints on High-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Graviton-Photon Conversion in the M87 Galaxy
• Characterization of black hole accretion through image moment invariants
• Explaining the Origin of TeV Gamma Rays from M87 During High and Low States
• Noncommutative information is revealed from the static detector outside the black hole
• Binary black holes gone MAD: Magnetically arrested minidisks around nonspinning black holes
• Some perspective of thermodynamical and optical properties of black holes in Maxwell-dilaton-dRGT-like massive gravity
• One-dimensional force-free numerical simulations of Alfven waves around a spinning black string
• Shadow of topologically charged rotating braneworld black hole
• Yet Another Modification of Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Waves: Electron Thermal Inertia
• Shadow constraints of charged black hole with scalar hair and gravitational waves from extreme mass ratio inspirals
• Perturbations of Einstein--Maxwell--phantom spacetime: Instabilities of charged Ellis--Bronnikov wormholes and quasinormal modes of black holes
• Supermassive black hole formation in the initial collapse of axion dark matter
• Assessing the Role of Intrinsic Variability in Black Hole Parameter Inference using Multi-Epoch EHT Data
• $\text{GPUmonty}$: A GPU-accelerated relativistic Monte Carlo radiative transfer code
• Thin accretion disk around Schwarzschild-like black hole in bumblebee gravity
• Numerical parameterization of stationary axisymmetric black holes in a theory agnostic framework
• Conic Sections on the Sky: Shadows of Linearly Superrotated Black Holes
• Charge constraint on M87* with twisted light
• Deciphering signatures of Kerr-Sen black holes in presence of plasma from the Event Horizon Telescope data
• Gravitational wave memory in wormhole spacetimes
• Parameter Inference of Black Hole Images using Deep Learning in Visibility Space
• General relativistic radiation transport: Implications for VLBI/EHT observations of AGN discs, winds and jets
• The Role of Inhomogeneities in the Turbulent Accretion of Black Holes
• Linear perturbations of Kerr black hole in quadratic gravity
• Quasar continuum spectrum disfavors black holes with a magnetic monopole charge
• Scattering by deformed black holes
• The eye of the storm: A regular Kerr black hole
• Ultralight bosonic dark matter in white dwarfs and potential observational consequences
• Investigating the Disk-Jet Structure in M87 through Flux Separation in the Linear and Circular Polarization Images
• Photon Ring Symmetries in Simulated Linear Polarization Images of Messier 87*
• Images of the accretion disk in Hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
• PATOKA: Simulating Electromagnetic Observables of Black Hole Accretion
• Images of black holes viewed by distant observer
• Bardeen-Kiselev black hole with cosmological constant
• The science case and challenges of space-borne sub-millimeter interferometry
• Charged spherically symmetric black holes in the Lyra geometry and a preliminary investigation on the overcharging process
• Quasinormal Modes of Black holes in the generalized Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution of $f(R)$ gravity
• Decoding a black hole metric from the interferometric pattern of the relativistic images of a compact source
• Polish Doughnuts around Scalarized Kerr Black Holes
• Optimizing the hybrid parallelization of BHAC
• Tests for the existence of horizon through gravitational waves from a small binary in the vicinity of a massive object
• Testing the black hole area law with Event Horizon Telescope
• Fully kinetic shearing-box simulations of magnetorotational turbulence in 2D and 3D. I. Pair plasmas
• P-stars in the gravitational wave era
• Topological charge and black hole photon spheres in massive gravity
• Investigating the interplay of the braneworld gravity and the plasma environment on the black hole shadow
• A revised view of the linear polarization in the subparsec core of M87 at 7 mm
• Concluding Remarks at the Multifrequency Behaviour of High Energy Cosmic Sources -- XIII Workshop -- II
• How narrow is the M87* ring? I. The choice of closure likelihood function
• Shadow cast by a rotating black hole with anisotropic matter
• Optical appearance of regularized compact objects without an exterior photon sphere
• Probing the innermost regions of AGN jets and their magnetic fields with RadioAstron. V. Space and ground millimeter-VLBI imaging of OJ 287
• High Resolution Imaging of a Black Hole Shadow with Millimetron Orbit around Lagrange Point L2
• Shaving off soft hairs and the black hole image memory effect
• A rotating GUP black hole: metric, shadow, and bounds on quantum parameters
• Shadows of naked singularities and superspinars related to the revisited Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes
• Probing the disk-jet coupling in M87
• Multiobjective optimization for scattering mitigation and scattering screen reconstruction in VLBI observations of the Galactic Center
• Modelling Cosmic Rays Flux with Pierre Auger and Telescope Array Data in $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{R})$ and $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{Q})$ Theories of Gravity
• Perturbative Renormalisation Group Improved Black Hole Solution and its Quasinormal Modes
• A two-step strategy to identify episodic sources of gravitational waves and high energy neutrinos in starburst galaxies
• Photon Ring Dimming as a Signature of Photon-Axion Conversion in Janis-Newman-Winicour Naked Singularity
• Rotating black hole shadows in metric-affine bumblebee gravity
• Gravitational Deflection of Vector Photons via Effective Field Theory
• Impacts of radiative cooling on the images of a black hole shadow and extended jets in two-temperature GRMHD simulations
• Sensitivities of Black Hole Images from GRMHD Simulations
• Observational distinguishability of the Kerr and Kerr-Hayward metrics to EHT
• Effect of primary scalar hair on black hole's strong lensing in Beyond Horndeski Gravity
• Radial perturbations of scalar-Gauss-Bonnet black holes beyond spontaneous scalarization
• Impact of non-thermal particles on the spectral and structural properties of M87
• Polarization Signatures of Magnetic Reconnection Bubbles near Black Holes
• Visible shapes of black holes M87* and SgrA*
• Ultra-high energy cosmic rays with UFA-15 source model in Bumblebee gravity theory
• Typical reconstruction limit and phase transition of maximum entropy method
• Ergomagnetosphere, Ejection Disc, Magnetopause in M87. I Global Flow of Mass, Angular Momentum, Energy and Current