Observable characteristics of the charged black hole surrounded by thin disk accretion in Rastall gravity

Abstract

The observable characteristics of the charged black hole (BH) surrounded by a thin disk accretion are investigated in the Rastall gravity. We found that the radii of the direct emission, lensing ring, and photon ring dramatically increased as the radiation field parameter increases, but they only weakly depend on the BH charge. Three positions of the radiation accretion disk relative to the BH are considered, i.e., the innermost accretion disk is closed to the radii of the innermost stable circular orbit, the photon ring of the BH, and the event horizon of the BH. The observed images in three cases respectively are obtained. It is found that the total observed flux is dominated by the direct emission, the lensing ring provides a small contribution, and the photon ring is negligible. The lensing and photon rings could not be observed in the blurred image with the EHT resolution. Our results suggest that the observable characteristics of the charged BH surrounded by the thin disk accretion in the Rastall gravity depend on both the BH space-time structure and the position of the radiating accretion disk with respect to the BH. The research of these BH images may serve as a probe for the BH-disk structure in M87${}^{\ast }$ like nearby active galactic nuclei.

References in corpus (12)

• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Data Processing and Calibration
• Black Hole Shadows, Photon Rings, and Lensing Rings
• Constraints on black-hole charges with the 2017 EHT observations of M87*
• The Shadow of a Spherically Accreting Black Hole
• Influence of Accretion Flow and Magnetic Charge on the Observed Shadows and Rings of the Hayward Black Hole
• The shadow and photon sphere of the charged black hole in Rastall gravity
• Gravity Effects on Hawking Radiation from Charged Black Strings in Rastall Theory

Cited by in corpus (18)

• QED and accretion flow models effect on optical appearance of Euler-Heisenberg black holes
• Influence of accretion disk on the optical appearance of the Kazakov-Solodukhin black hole
• Image of the Kerr-Newman black hole surrounded by a thin accretion disk
• Shadows and photon rings of a spherically accreting Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole
• Optical appearance of a thin-shell wormhole with a Hayward profile
• Observational Signatures: Shadow cast by the effective metric of photons for black holes with rational non-linear electrodynamics
• Geodesic structure, shadow and optical appearance of black hole immersed in Chaplygin-like dark fluid
• Observational Appearance of a Freely-falling Star in an Asymmetric Thin-shell Wormhole
• Observational signatures of a static $f(R)$ black hole with thin accretion disk
• Optical appearance of numerical black hole solutions in higher derivative gravity
• Optical appearance of the Schwarzschild black hole in the string cloud context
• On optical appearance of Einstein-Maxwell-Æther black holes surrounded by various accretions
• Shadows and Observational Images of a Schwarzschild-like Black Hole Surrounded by a Dehnen-type Dark Matter Halo
• Observational properties of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a Dehnen-type dark matter halo
• Light propagation around a Kerr-like black hole immersed in an inhomogeneous anisotropic plasma in Rastall gravity: Analytical solutions to the equations of motion
• Thin accretion disk around Schwarzschild-like black hole in bumblebee gravity
• Gravitational Collapse of an Inhomogeneous Fluid in Rastall Theory
• Images of the accretion disk in Hybrid metric-Palatini gravity