First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole

Abstract

We present the first Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of M87, using observations from April 2017 at 1.3 mm wavelength. These images show a prominent ring with a diameter of ~40 micro-as, consistent with the size and shape of the lensed photon orbit encircling the "shadow" of a supermassive black hole. The ring is persistent across four observing nights and shows enhanced brightness in the south. To assess the reliability of these results, we implemented a two-stage imaging procedure. In the first stage, four teams, each blind to the others' work, produced images of M87 using both an established method (CLEAN) and a newer technique (regularized maximum likelihood). This stage allowed us to avoid shared human bias and to assess common features among independent reconstructions. In the second stage, we reconstructed synthetic data from a large survey of imaging parameters and then compared the results with the corresponding ground truth images. This stage allowed us to select parameters objectively to use when reconstructing images of M87. Across all tests in both stages, the ring diameter and asymmetry remained stable, insensitive to the choice of imaging technique. We describe the EHT imaging procedures, the primary image features in M87, and the dependence of these features on imaging assumptions.

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• Constraining modified gravity theories with scalar fields using black-hole images
• Determination of the spin parameter and the inclination angle by the relativistic images in black hole image
• Principal-Component Interferometric Modeling (PRIMO), an Algorithm for EHT Data I: Reconstructing Images from Simulated EHT Observations
• Skylight: a new code for general-relativistic ray-tracing and radiative transfer in arbitrary spacetimes
• Dynamical spontaneous scalarization in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar models in anti-de Sitter spacetime
• Deciphering signatures of Bardeen black holes from the observed quasi-periodic oscillations
• Regularized Maximum Likelihood Image Synthesis and Validation for ALMA Continuum Observations of Protoplanetary Disks
• Non-homogeneous exoplanets in metric-affine gravity
• Toward a Full MHD Jet Model of Spinning Black Holes--II: Kinematics and Application to the M87 Jet
• Geodetic precession and shadow of quantum extended black holes
• Spins of supermassive black holes M87* and SgrA* revealed from the size of dark spots in Event Horizon Telescope Images
• Wavelength-resolved Reverberation Mapping of quasar CTSC30.10: Dissecting MgII and FeII emission regions
• Thermodynamics of Black Holes with Rényi Entropy from Classical Gravity
• Propagation of light in the presence of gravity generated by static and spherically symmetric curved space-times using Maxwell equations
• Polarimetric Geometric Modeling for mm-VLBI Observations of Black Holes
• Search for Alignment of Disk Orientations in Nearby Star-Forming Regions: Lupus, Taurus, Upper Scorpius, $\rho$ Ophiuchi, and Orion
• Entanglement-induced provable and robust quantum learning advantages
• Nonseparability of multipartite systems in dilaton black hole
• Accretion flows around exotic tidal wormholes I. Ray-tracing
• Exploring the shear viscosity in four-dimensional planar black holes beyond General Relativity
• Shadows and parameter estimation of rotating quantum corrected black holes and constraints from EHT observation of M87* and Sgr A*
• The ring-shaped shadow of rotating naked singularity with a complete photon sphere
• Parallel transport modeling of linear divertor simulators with fundamental ion cyclotron heating
• Impacts of nonthermal emission on the images of a black hole shadow and extended jets in two-temperature GRMHD simulations
• Thermodynamic geometry of static and rotating regular black holes in conformal massive gravity
• Shadows aspect of rotating black holes in the Einstein-AdS SU(N)-nonlinear sigma model
• Detection of Cosmic Structures using the Bispectrum Phase. I. Mathematical Foundations
• Analyzing Deflection Angles and Photon Sphere Dynamics of Magnetically Charged Black Holes in Nonlinear Electrodynamic
• Study of light deflection and shadow from a hairy black hole under the influence of the non-magnetic plasma
• Imaging a ring-like structure and the extended jet of M87 at 86 GHz
• Galactic black hole immersed in a dark halo with its surrounding thin accretion disk
• Swarm intelligence for full Stokes dynamic imaging reconstruction of interferometric data
• Measuring Black Hole Light Echoes with Very Long Baseline Interferometry
• Gravitational wave cosmology I: high frequency approximation
• Compact objects in quadratic Palatini gravity generated by a free scalar field
• An Effective Model for the Quantum Schwarzschild Black Hole: Weak Deflection Angle, Quasinormal Modes and Bounding of Greybody Factor
• Interferometric signature of higher-order images in a parametrized framework
• Four $\mathbb{STU}$ Black Holes Shadows
• Observable Signatures of RN Black Holes with Dark Matter Halos via Strong Gravitational Lensing and Constraints from EHT Observations
• Central X-ray point-sources found to be abundant in low-mass, late-type galaxies predicted to contain an intermediate-mass black hole
• Chaotic magnetic disconnections trigger flux eruptions in accretion flows channeled onto magnetically saturated Kerr black holes
• Effects of Hydrogen vs. Helium on Electromagnetic Black Hole Observables
• Black hole photon ring beyond General Relativity: an integrable parametrization
• Energy extraction through magnetic reconnection from a Kerr-Newman black hole in perfect fluid dark matter
• Black holes immersed in polytropic scalar field gas
• Propagation and Fluxes of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in f(R) Gravity Theory
• Optical Appearance and Shadow of Kalb-Ramond Black Hole: Effects of Plasma and Accretion Models
• Multi-wavelength temporal variability of the blazar PKS 1510-089
• Event-horizon-scale Imaging of M87* under Different Assumptions via Deep Generative Image Priors
• Free-falling test particles in a charged Kalb-Ramond black hole: gravitational Doppler effect and tidal forces
• Multi-Frequency Models of Black Hole Photon Rings from Low-Luminosity Accretion Disks
• Extreme lensing induces spectro-temporal correlations in black-hole signals
• On the causality properties in non-local gravity theories
• Neutrino pair annihilation above black-hole accretion disks in modified gravity
• Effect of quintessence dark energy on the shadow of Hayward black holes with spherical accretion
• exoALMA. VIII. Probabilistic Moment Maps and Data Products using Non-parametric Linear Models
• Inferring Black Hole Spin from Interferometric Measurements of the First Photon Ring: A Geometric Approach
• Probing loop quantum effects through solar system experiments: observational signatures and parameter constraints
• Physics of Pair Producing Gaps in Black Hole Magnetospheres: Two Dimensional General Relativistic Particle-in-cell Simulations
• Interferometry of black holes with Hawking radiation
• On the analytic generalization of particle deflection in the weak field regime and shadow size in light of EHT constraints for Schwarzschild-like black hole solutions
• Quasi-local studies of the particle surfaces and their stability in general spacetimes
• Observational test of ${\mathcal{R}}^2$ spacetimes with the S2 star in the Milky Way galactic center
• Illuminating Black Hole Shadow with Dark Matter Annihilation
• Black Hole Shadow Observations with Space-Ground Interferometers
• Black hole shadow and Wandering null geodesics
• Gravitational Collapse in Scale-Dependent Gravity
• A new first-order formulation of the Einstein equations exploiting analogies with electrodynamics
• Models of cosmological black holes
• Motion of test particle in rotating boson star
• Classification-based detection and quantification of cross-domain data bias in materials discovery
• Gravitational lens on de-Sitter background
• Template bank to search for exotic gravitational wave signals from astrophysical compact binaries
• Gravity versus astrophysics in black hole images and photon rings: Equatorial emissions and spherically symmetric space-times
• Observational Signatures of Black Hole Accretion: Rotating vs. Spherical Flows with Tilted Magnetic Fields
• Nonminimal global monopole
• An independent hybrid imaging of Sgr A* from the data in EHT 2017 observations
• Photon ring polarimetry with next-generation black hole imaging I. M87*
• Method of distinguishing between black holes and wormholes
• Multimodal signatures of asymptotic (A)dS Kalb-Ramond black holes: Constraints through the shadow, weak deflection angle, and topological photon spheres
• Accretion flow in deformed Kerr spacetime: Spectral energy distributions from free-free emission
• First polarization study of the M87 jet and active galactic nuclei at submillimeter wavelengths with ALMA
• Strong gravitational lensing of rotating regular black holes in non-minimally coupled Einstein-Yang-Mills theory
• Black hole scalarizations induced by parity violations
• Gravitational lens on a static optical constant-curvature background: Its application to Weyl gravity model
• New estimates of the spin and accretion rate of the black hole M87*
• Matter density distribution of general relativistic highly magnetized jets driven by black holes
• Transition from inspiral to plunge for braneworld EMRI
• Thermodynamics of the Weyl Geometric Gravity Black Holes
• Remarks on the light ring images and the optical appearance of hairy black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity
• Particle dynamics and optical appearance of charged spherically symmetric black holes in bumblebee gravity
• Black Holes in Lorentz-Violating Gravity: Thermodynamics, Geometry, and Particle Dynamics
• Nondivergent deflection of light around a photon sphere of a compact object
• Revealing a ribbon-like jet in OJ 287 with RadioAstron
• Can we know about black hole thermodynamics through shadows?
• Anisotropies of Diffusive Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays in $f(R)$ Gravity Theory
• Testing black holes with cosmological constant in Einstein-bumblebee gravity through the black hole shadow using EHT data and deflection angle
• Euclidean methods and phase transitions for the strongest deformations compatible with Schwarzschild asymptotics
• Shadows and photon spheres in static and rotating traversable wormholes
• The evolution of the UV/optical lag spectrum of NGC 7469 seen by the Liverpool Telescope
• Extended Geometric Trinity of Gravity
• Analyzing the effect of higher dimensions on the black hole silhouette, deflection angles, and PINN approximated quasinormal modes
• Expanding Sgr A* dynamical imaging capabilities with an African extension to the Event Horizon Telescope
• Optical appearance of the Schwarzschild black hole in the string cloud context
• Superradiance of rotating black holes surrounded by dark matter
• A regular metric does not ensure the regularity of spacetime
• A stationary axisymmetric vacuum solution for pure $R^2$ gravity
• Multiscale aperture synthesis imager
• Imaging the event horizon of M87* from space on different timescales
• Modified Kerr black holes surrounded by dark matter spike
• Black Holes with Abelian and Non-Abelian Charges and Their Impact on Matter Accretion Flows
• Effect of quantum deformed black hole on BH shadow in two-dimensional Dilaton gravity
• Fate of initially bound timelike geodesics in spherical boson stars
• Deep learning inference with the Event Horizon Telescope I. Calibration improvements and a comprehensive synthetic data library
• Dynamical model for primordial black holes
• Can shadows connect black hole microstructures?
• Deep learning inference with the Event Horizon Telescope II. The Zingularity framework for Bayesian artificial neural networks
• Semi-analytic studies of accretion disk and magnetic field geometry in M87*
• Strong gravitational lensing effects around rotating regular black holes
• Thermodynamic and observational constraints on black holes with primary hair in Beyond Horndeski Gravity: Stability and shadows
• Gravitational analog of the canonical acoustic black hole in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory
• Estimating the mass-to-distance ratio for a set of megamaser AGN black holes by employing a general relativistic method
• Probing $H_0$ and resolving AGN disks with ultrafast photon counters
• Topological Data Analysis of Black Hole Images
• Determining parameters of a spherical black hole with a thin accretion disk by observing its shadow
• The Shadow of Supertranslated Schwarzschild Black Hole
• Observational signatures from higher-order images of moving hotspots in accretion disks
• On optical appearance of Einstein-Maxwell-Æther black holes surrounded by various accretions
• Probing Accretion Turbulence in the Galactic Center with EHT Polarimetry
• Correspondence between two gravitational lens equations in a static and spherically symmetric spacetime
• Image of Quantum Improved Regular Kerr Black Hole and Parameter Constraints from EHT Observations
• Traversable wormholes with multiple unstable critical curves
• Evolution, speed, and precession of the parsec-scale jet in the 3C 84 radio galaxy
• Fractal signatures of non-Kerr spacetimes in the shadow of light-ring bifurcations
• Traces of quantum fuzziness on the black hole shadow and particle deflection in the multi-fractional theory of gravity
• On the Universality of Energy Extraction from Black Hole Spacetimes
• Perturbations of Black Holes Surrounded by Anisotropic Matter Field
• Prospects of using closure traces directly for imaging in Very Long Baseline Interferometry
• A probabilistic approach to phase calibration: I. Effects of source structure on fringe-fitting
• The Japanese Vision for the Black Hole Explorer Mission
• KHARMA: Flexible, Portable Performance for GRMHD
• Exploring the cosmic censorship conjecture with a Gauss-Bonnet sector
• Circular orbits and accretion disk around a deformed-Schwarzschild black hole in loop quantum gravity
• Super-Resolved Image of M87 Observed with East Asian VLBI Network
• The Effects of Resolution on Black Hole Accretion Simulations of Jets
• Strong gravitational lensing by black hole in F(R) Euler Heisenberg Gravity's Rainbow
• Timelike orbits around accelerating black holes
• Modelling the Sgr A${}^{\ast }$ and M87${}^{\ast }$ shadows by using the Kerr-Taub-NUT metrics in the presence of a scalar field
• Efficient gravitational lens optical scalars calculation of black holes with angular momentum
• Curled orbit and epicyclic oscillation of charged particles around the weakly magnetized black hole in the presence of Lorentz violation
• Relativistic Reflection Modeling in AGN and Related Variability from PCA: A Brief Review
• Shadowless rapidly rotating yet not ultraspinning Kerr-AdS${}_4$ and Kerr-Newman-AdS${}_4$ black holes
• Shadow of Kerr black hole surrounded by a cloud of strings in Rastall gravity and constraints from M87*
• Dynamics of scalar hair with self-interactions around a Schwarzchild black hole
• Null Gravitational Redshift by a Reissner-Nordström Black Hole in the Strong Field Limit
• Magnetic Suppression of Cosmic Rays' Flux in $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{R})$ and $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{Q})$ Theories of Gravity
• Overlapping of photon rings in black hole imaging
• Strong Gravitational Lensing Effects of the Rotating Short-Haired Black Hole and Constraints from EHT Observations
• The surface geometry and shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole with halo
• Shadow and thin accretion disk around Ayón-Beato-García black hole coupled with cloud of strings
• Not all spacetime coordinates for general-relativistic ray tracing are created equal
• Interferometric Image Reconstruction using Closure Invariants and Machine Learning
• Evolving wormhole formation in dRGT massive gravity
• The holographic space-time and black hole remnants as dark matter
• Hamiltonian Formulation of Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Accretion on a General Spherically Symmetric and Static Black Hole: Quantum effects on Shock States
• Quantum Gravitational Hair in Gravastars and Observational Tests
• Signatures of regular black holes from the quasar continuum spectrum
• Research on high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in black bounce-type spacetime
• Quantumness near the Schwarzschild black hole based on W-state
• Origin of the ring ellipticity in the black hole images of M87*
• Cylindrical black hole solutions in $f(\mathcal{R})$ and $f(\mathcal{R},\mathcal{A},A^{\mu \nu }{A}_{\mu \nu })$ modified gravity
• Impact of the nonthermal electron radiation effects on the horizon scale image structure of Sagittarius A*
• A proof-of-concept neural network for inferring parameters of a black hole from partial interferometric images of its shadow
• Strong Lensing Effect and Quasinormal Modes of Oscillations of Black Holes in $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{R},\mathbf{T})$ Gravity Theory
• Shadow of quadrupole-deformed compact objects in a local dark matter shell
• A General Discussion on Photon Spheres in Different Categories of Spacetimes
• Synthetic gravitational lens image of the Sagittarius A${}^{\ast }$ black hole with a thin disk model
• Non-thermal Synchrotron Emission and Polarization Signatures during Black Hole Flux Eruptions
• Accretion Process as a Probe of Extra Dimensions in MOG Compact Object Spacetimes
• Revisiting 3C 279 jet morphology with space VLBI at 26 microarcsecond resolution
• Epicyclic oscillations and accretion disk around a special Buchdahl-inspired spacetime
• Thermodynamic Topology of Black Holes within Tsallis Statistics
• Observational constraints on the Kerr and its several single-parameter modified spacetimes using quasi-periodic oscillation data
• Probing Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar Black hole via Thin Accretion Disks and Shadows with EHT Observations of M87* and Sgr A*
• Quasinormal Modes and Shadows of Black Holes in Infinite Derivative Theory of Gravity
• Regular black hole solutions in $(2+1)$-dimensional $f(R,T)$ gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics
• Five dimensional rotating and Quintessence black hole and their hypershadows
• Constraining eV-scale axion-like particle dark matter: insights from the M87 Galaxy
• A comparative analysis of GNSS-inferred precipitable water vapour at the potential sites for the Africa Millimetre Telescope
• Spontaneous Vectorization in the Einstein-Maxwell-Vector Model
• Kiselev-inspired Wormholes
• Phantom BTZ black holes
• On static and rotating decoupled black holes without inner horizons
• Determining parameters of Kerr black holes at finite distance by shadow observation
• Shadow of higher dimensional collapsing dark star and blackhole
• Superradiance scattering of scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational fields and thin accretion disk around non-commutating Kerr black hole
• HST-1 as a Window to the Energetics of the Jet Spine of M87
• Is it possible to distinguish between different black hole solutions using the Shapiro time delay?
• Gravitational waveform model based on photon motion for spinning black holes
• Shadow of axisymmetric, stationary and asymptotically flat black holes in the presence of plasma
• On the Non-Minimal Coupling of Magnetic Fields with Gravity in Schwarzschild Spacetime
• Onset of chaotic gravitational lensing in non-Kerr rotating black holes with quadrupole mass moment
• RHAPSODIE: Reconstruction of High-contrAst Polarized SOurces and Deconvolution for cIrcumstellar Environments
• Prospects for observing supermassive black hole binaries with the space-ground interferometer
• Light propagation around a Kerr-like black hole immersed in an inhomogeneous anisotropic plasma in Rastall gravity: Analytical solutions to the equations of motion
• Determining parameters of Kerr-Newman black holes by shadow observation from finite distance and spatial infinity
• The precession of particle spin in spherical symmetric spacetimes
• Shadow and near-horizon characteristics of the acoustic charged black hole in curved spacetime
• Black holes with scalar hair: Extending from and beyond the Schwarzschild solution
• Parameterized second post-Newtonian framework with conservation Laws
• Strong gravitational lensing of a five-dimensional charged, equally rotating black hole with a cosmological constant
• Powerful yet lonely: Is 3C 297 a high-redshift fossil group?
• Axisymmetric black hole in a non-commutative gauge theory: classical and quantum gravity effects
• rPICARD: A CASA-based Calibration Pipeline for VLBI Data. Calibration and imaging of 7 mm VLBA observations of the AGN jet in M87
• Infrared interferometric imaging of the compact dust disk around the AGB star HR3126 with the bipolar Toby Jug Nebula
• Spherical particle orbits around a rotating black hole in massive gravity
• Null geodesics around a black hole with weakly coupled global monopole charge
• Identifying Long Radio Transients with Accompanying X-Ray Emission as Disk-Jet Precessing Black Holes: The Case of ASKAP J1832-0911
• Scale-invariance of black hole accretion: modeling emission from a black hole X-ray binary with relativistic accretion flow simulations
• Preliminary analyses on dynamics and thermodynamics of rotating regular black holes
• Probing Observable Features of Lorentz violation in Low-Energy Hořava Gravity with Accretion Disk Images of Black Hole
• Screen chaotic motion by Shannon entropy in curved spacetimes
• Gravitational wave pulse and memory effects for hairy Kiselev black hole and its analogy with Bondi-Sachs formalism
• Limiting the Yukawa Gravity through the Black Hole Shadows of Sgr A* and M87*
• Probing circular polarization and magnetic field structure in AGN
• Enhancing Compton telescope imaging with maximum a posteriori estimation: a modified Richardson-Lucy algorithm for the Compton Spectrometer and Imager
• Charge constraint on M87* with twisted light
• Modeling Gravastar Structure admitting Kuchowicz Spacetime in Rastall Gravity Theory
• Probing the parameters of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by quintessence and cloud of strings through four standard astrophysical tests
• Generating 4-dimensional Wormholes with Yang-Mills Casimir Sources
• Noncommutative information is revealed from the static detector outside the black hole
• A Red-Noise Eigenbasis for the Reconstruction of Blobby Images
• Semi-classical imprints on quasinormal mode spectra
• Assessing the Role of Intrinsic Variability in Black Hole Parameter Inference using Multi-Epoch EHT Data
• Conic Sections on the Sky: Shadows of Linearly Superrotated Black Holes
• Deciphering signatures of Kerr-Sen black holes in presence of plasma from the Event Horizon Telescope data
• Microlensing Black Hole Shadows
• Shadow constraints of charged black hole with scalar hair and gravitational waves from extreme mass ratio inspirals
• Perturbations of Einstein--Maxwell--phantom spacetime: Instabilities of charged Ellis--Bronnikov wormholes and quasinormal modes of black holes
• Exploring black holes with multiple photon spheres by interferometric signatures
• 3+1 formulation of light modes in nonlinear electrodynamics
• Shadows cast by a class of rotating black bounces with an anisotropic fluid
• Explaining the Origin of TeV Gamma Rays from M87 During High and Low States
• Thermodynamic and observational implications of black holes in toroidal geometry
• Characterization of black hole accretion through image moment invariants
• Geodesic dynamics in brane-de Sitter wormholes
• Effects of non-vanishing dark matter pressure in the Milky Way galaxy
• HYPERION: Hyperspectral Penetrating-type Ellipsoidal Reconstruction for Terahertz Blind Source Separation
• Constraints on High-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Graviton-Photon Conversion in the M87 Galaxy
• Description of turbulent dynamics in the interstellar medium: Multifractal microcanonical analysis: II. Sparse filtering of Herschel observation maps and visualization of filamentary structures at different length scales
• Multiwavelength View of the M87 Black Hole Captured by the Event Horizon Telescope
• Algorithms and radiation dynamics for the vicinity of black holes I. Methods and codes
• Accelerating the CLEAN algorithm of radio interferometry with convex optimization
• Thin accretion disk around Schwarzschild-like black hole in bumblebee gravity
• Thermodynamics and orbital structure of anti-de Sitter black holes in Palatini-inspired nonlinear electrodynamics
• A Ring of Fire Orphan γ-Ray Flare in the Neutrino Candidate 3C 120
• Impacts of radiative cooling on the images of a black hole shadow and extended jets in two-temperature GRMHD simulations
• Nonuniform Particle Injection into Black Hole Jets by Radiative Magnetic Reconnection
• Shadows of naked singularities and superspinars related to the revisited Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes
• Polarization Signatures of Rotating Black Holes in Perfect Fluid Dark Matter Spacetimes
• Ultra-High-Resolution Astronomy with the Solar Gravitational Lens
• Spatially resolved spectral properties of M87* on event horizon scales
• Probing the disk-jet coupling in M87
• General relativistic radiation transport: Implications for VLBI/EHT observations of AGN discs, winds and jets
• Scattering by deformed black holes
• The eye of the storm: A regular Kerr black hole
• Quasar continuum spectrum disfavors black holes with a magnetic monopole charge
• Gravitational wave memory in wormhole spacetimes
• CS-ROMER: A novel compressed sensing framework for Faraday depth reconstruction
• Variable structure in the PDS70 disc and uncertainties in radio-interferometric image restoration
• Implication of spin constraints by the Event Horizon Telescope on stellar orbits in the Galactic Center
• DoG-HiT: A novel VLBI Multiscale Imaging Approach
• Timing of echoes in electromagnetic radiation from hot spots orbiting a Kerr black hole impostor
• Testing the black hole area law with Event Horizon Telescope
• Investigating the Disk-Jet Structure in M87 through Flux Separation in the Linear and Circular Polarization Images
• What are the parities of photon-ring images near a black hole?
• Black holes and their horizons in semiclassical and modified theories of gravity
• Rapid multi-band space-based optical timing: revolutionizing accretion physics
• Probing the innermost regions of AGN jets and their magnetic fields with RadioAstron. V. Space and ground millimeter-VLBI imaging of OJ 287
• Photon Ring Symmetries in Simulated Linear Polarization Images of Messier 87*
• Images of black holes viewed by distant observer
• Charged spherically symmetric black holes in the Lyra geometry and a preliminary investigation on the overcharging process
• PATOKA: Simulating Electromagnetic Observables of Black Hole Accretion
• Multi-wavelength temporal and spectral analysis of Blazar S5 1803+78
• Bardeen-Kiselev black hole with cosmological constant
• Photon Ring Dimming as a Signature of Photon-Axion Conversion in Janis-Newman-Winicour Naked Singularity
• The science case and challenges of space-borne sub-millimeter interferometry
• Optical and Thermodynamic Properties of a Rotating Dyonic Black Hole Spacetime in $\mathcal{N}=2,U(1{)}^2$ gauged supergravity
• Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) II: CLEAN Strategies for Synthesizing Images of Molecular Line Emission in Protoplanetary Disks
• Decoding a black hole metric from the interferometric pattern of the relativistic images of a compact source
• Multiobjective optimization for scattering mitigation and scattering screen reconstruction in VLBI observations of the Galactic Center
• Modelling Cosmic Rays Flux with Pierre Auger and Telescope Array Data in $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{R})$ and $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{Q})$ Theories of Gravity
• Effect of primary scalar hair on black hole's strong lensing in Beyond Horndeski Gravity
• Gravitational Deflection of Vector Photons via Effective Field Theory
• Polish Doughnuts around Scalarized Kerr Black Holes
• High Resolution Imaging of a Black Hole Shadow with Millimetron Orbit around Lagrange Point L2
• Tests for the existence of horizon through gravitational waves from a small binary in the vicinity of a massive object
• Towards High-Precision Parton Distributions From Lattice QCD via Distillation
• Ultra-high energy cosmic rays with UFA-15 source model in Bumblebee gravity theory
• How narrow is the M87* ring? I. The choice of closure likelihood function
• Typical reconstruction limit and phase transition of maximum entropy method
• A revised view of the linear polarization in the subparsec core of M87 at 7 mm
• BuDDI: A Declarative Bloom Language for CALM Programming
• Quantum Algorithms for Unsupervised Machine Learning and Neural Networks
• Orbit design for mitigating interstellar scattering effects in Earth-space VLBI observations of Sgr A*
• P-stars in the gravitational wave era
• Parameter Inference of Black Hole Images using Deep Learning in Visibility Space
• Leveraging User Access Patterns and Advanced Cyberinfrastructure to Accelerate Data Delivery from Shared-use Scientific Observatories
• Shadow cast by a rotating black hole with anisotropic matter
• Connections between entropy surface density and microscopic property in black holes
• Images of the accretion disk in Hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
• Scattering of massive particles from black holes and naked singularities
• Investigating the interplay of the braneworld gravity and the plasma environment on the black hole shadow
• Optical appearance of regularized compact objects without an exterior photon sphere
• Beyond Sgr A* and M87*: Sub-Microarcsecond Black Hole Shadow Detection via Lunar-based Extremely Long Baseline Interferometry
• Shaving off soft hairs and the black hole image memory effect
• Black hole shadows in nonminimally coupled Weyl connection gravity
• Perturbative Renormalisation Group Improved Black Hole Solution and its Quasinormal Modes
• Rotating black hole shadows in metric-affine bumblebee gravity