Constraining Self-interacting Scalar Field Dark Matter From the Black Hole Shadow of the Event Horizon Telescope

Abstract

An exciting possibility to constrain dark matter (DM) scenarios is to search for their gravitational imprints on Black Hole (BH) observations. In this paper, we investigate the impact of self-interacting scalar field DM on the shadow radius of a Schwarzschild BH. We implement a self-consistent formulation, paying attention to the enhancement of the DM density due to the BH gravitational influence and the accretion flow onto the BH. First, we calculate the first-order correction to the shadow radius caused by a general DM environment. Then, we apply this perturbative method to the case of self-interacting scalar field DM and derive analytical expressions for the critical impact parameter. We find that self-consistency requirements, involving the lifetime and the mass of the central DM soliton, or the mass and the size of the extended virialized DM halo, ensure that the impact of the DM environment on the shadow radius is below the observational upper bound. This emphasizes the importance of taking into account the self-consistency constraints of the underlying DM scenario, which can strongly limit the range of possible DM density profiles and their impact on the shadow radius.

12 pages

References in corpus (25)

• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way
• Ultralight scalars as cosmological dark matter
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole
• Too big to fail? The puzzling darkness of massive Milky Way subhaloes
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI: Testing the Black Hole Metric
• Detection of the Schwarzschild precession in the orbit of the star S2 near the Galactic centre massive black hole
• Bose-Einstein Condensation of Dark Matter Axions
• Shadow of a black hole surrounded by dark matter
• Too Big to Fail in the Local Group
• Testing the black hole "no-hair" hypothesis
• Ultra-Light Scalar Fields and the Growth of Structure in the Universe
• Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter solves the core/cusp problem
• Schwarzschild black holes can wear scalar wigs
• Dark matter effect on the weak deflection angle by black holes at the center of Milky Way and M87 galaxies
• Black holes surrounded by generic dark matter profiles: appearance and gravitational-wave emission
• Orbital fingerprints of ultralight scalar fields around black holes
• Black Hole Hair from Scalar Dark Matter
• Investigating effects of dark matter on photon orbits and black hole shadows
• Short Review of the main achievements of the Scalar Field, Fuzzy, Ultralight, Wave, BEC Dark Matter model
• Growth of accretion driven scalar hair around Kerr black holes
• Scalar Field Dark Matter: behavior around black holes
• Superfluid Dark Matter around Black Holes
• Testing General Metric Theories of Gravity with Bursting Neutron Stars

Cited by in corpus (6)

• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• Quasinormal Ringing and Shadows of Black Holes and Wormholes in Dark Matter-Inspired Weyl Gravity
• Black hole in the Dekel-Zhao dark matter profile
• Analyzing the Influence of Geometrical Deformation on Photon Sphere and Shadow Radius: A New Analytical Approach -Stationary, and Axisymmetric Spacetime
• Supermassive black hole in NGC 4649 (M60) with a dark matter halo: Impact on shadow measurements and thermodynamic properties
• Determining parameters of Kerr-Newman black holes by shadow observation from finite distance and spatial infinity