Remarks on the light ring images and the optical appearance of hairy black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity

Abstract

The behaviors of null geodesics in the spherical symmetric black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton (EMD) theory with coupling function $f(\Phi )=e^{-2\alpha \Phi }$ are meticulously analyzed. We investigate the effects of coupling constant $\alpha$ on the effective potential of photon trajectories within three ranges, namely $0<\alpha <1$, $\alpha =1$ and $\alpha >1$. We find that the thicknesses of lensing and photon rings are smaller at larger $\alpha$ and fixed electric charge in the unit of mass $q$, whereas they are larger at fixed $\alpha$ and larger $q$. This behavior can be described by using the angular Lyapunov exponent $\gamma$ in the vicinity of the critical curve. Remarkably, the behaviors of photon trajectories are found to be more interesting when $\alpha >1$. Namely, the radius of the black hole shadow $R_{\text{s}}$ becomes to be smaller than the photon sphere radius $r_{\text{ph}}$ when $\alpha >1$ and $q>q^{\ast }$. Moreover, $R_{\text{s}}$ goes to zero as $q$ saturates the extremal limit, beyond which the photon orbit becomes absent. Furthermore, we construct the optical appearance of black holes surrounded by optically and geometrically thin accretion disk with three cases of Gralla-Lupsasca-Marrone (GLM) emission profile. Our results indicate that the observed flux originating from the lensing and photon rings exhibits suppression as $\alpha$ increases, while it undergoes amplification with the increasing parameter $q$.

arXiv commentv3: Accretion disk profile has been changed to the Gralla-Lupsasca-Marrone (GLM) emission profile. Appendix B: Null Energy Condition and Focusing Theorem has been added. The angular Lyapunov exponent is applied to discuss the thickness of the photon ring

References in corpus (100)

• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring
• Information in Black Hole Radiation
• Viewing the Shadow of the Black Hole at the Galactic Center
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation
• The information paradox: A pedagogical introduction
• Testing the nature of dark compact objects: a status report
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Data Processing and Calibration
• The entropy of Hawking radiation
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI: Testing the Black Hole Metric
• Black Hole Shadows, Photon Rings, and Lensing Rings
• Foundations of Black Hole Accretion Disk Theory
• Calculating black hole shadows: Review of analytical studies
• Spontaneous scalarization of black holes and compact stars from a Gauss-Bonnet coupling
• The geometry of photon surfaces
• New Gauss-Bonnet black holes with curvature induced scalarization in the extended scalar-tensor theories
• Shadows and strong gravitational lensing: a brief review
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Testing Astrophysical Models of the Galactic Center Black Hole
• Jerusalem Lectures on Black Holes and Quantum Information
• Rotating Charged Black Hole Solution in Heterotic String Theory
• Measurement of the Kerr Spin Parameter by Observation of a Compact Object's Shadow
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. III: Imaging of the Galactic Center Supermassive Black Hole
• Light ring stability in ultra-compact objects
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. EHT and Multi-wavelength Observations, Data Processing, and Calibration
• Universal Interferometric Signatures of a Black Hole's Photon Ring
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Variability, Morphology, and Black Hole Mass
• Time Dependence of Hawking Radiation Entropy
• A new method for shadow calculations: application to parameterised axisymmetric black holes
• Spontaneous scalarisation of charged black holes
• Observing the shadow of Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion black hole
• Black Holes as Elementary Particles
• Black holes with scalar hair in light of the Event Horizon Telescope
• Shadow of five-dimensional rotating Myers-Perry black hole
• Black hole shadow in an asymptotically-flat, stationary, and axisymmetric spacetime: The Kerr-Newman and rotating regular black holes
• The Shadow of a Spherically Accreting Black Hole
• The Shape of the Black Hole Photon Ring: A Precise Test of Strong-Field General Relativity
• Lensing by Kerr Black Holes
• Gravitational lensing by a charged black hole of string theory
• Shadows and photon spheres with spherical accretions in the four-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet black hole
• Black hole shadow in an expanding universe with a cosmological constant
• Shadow of Kerr-Taub-NUT black hole
• Rotating Dilaton Black Holes
• Influence of quintessence dark energy on the shadow of black hole
• Spontaneous scalarisation of charged black holes: coupling dependence and dynamical features
• Shadows and deflection angle of charged and slowly rotating black holes in Einstein-Æther theory
• Constraints on a charge in the Reissner--Nordström metric for the black hole at the Galactic Center
• Probing a nonlinear electrodynamics black hole with thin accretion disk, shadow and deflection angle with M87* and Sgr A* from EHT
• Photon Ring and Observational Appearance of a Hairy Black Hole
• Influence of Quantum Correction on the Black Hole Shadows, Photon Rings and Lensing Rings
• Topological Charge and Black Hole Photon Spheres
• Black Hole Shadows of Charged Spinning Black Holes
• Deflection Angle and Shadow Behaviors of Quintessential Black Holes in arbitrary Dimensions
• Photon Spheres and Spherical Accretion Image of a Hairy Black Hole
• Photon Spheres and Sonic Horizons in Black Holes from Supergravity and Other Theories
• Direct Measurements of Black Hole Charge with Future Astrometrical Missions
• The shadows and observational appearance of a noncommutative black hole surrounded by various profiles of accretions
• Imaging compact boson stars with hot-spots and thin accretion disks
• Shadows and photon rings of regular black holes and geonic horizonless compact objects
• Images and photon ring signatures of thick disks around black holes
• Holographic Complexity Equals Which Action?
• Upper bound on the radii of black-hole photonspheres
• Einstein-Æther Gravity in the light of Event Horizon Telescope Observations of M87*
• Einstein-Maxwell-scalar black holes: classes of solutions, dyons and extremality
• Shadows of parametrized axially symmetric black holes allowing for separation of variables
• Investigating shadow images and rings of the charged Horndeski black hole illuminated by various thin accretions
• Analytical study of higher-order ring images of accretion disk around black hole
• Rings and images of Horndeski hairy black hole illuminated by various thin accretions
• The Optical Appearance of Charged Four-Dimensional Gauss-Bonnet Black Hole with Strings Cloud and Non-Commutative Geometry Surrounded by Various Accretions Profiles
• Observational properties of relativistic fluid spheres with thin accretion disks
• On the Size of a Black Hole: The Schwarzschild is the Biggest
• Hairy binary black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory and their effective-one-body description
• Strong gravitational lensing across dilaton anti-de Sitter black hole
• Optical appearance of Einstein-Æther black hole surrounded by thin disk
• Shadow of charged black holes in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Particle motion and gravitational lensing in the metric of a dilaton black hole in a de Sitter universe
• On null geodesics and shadow of hairy black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity
• A revisit of rotating black hole shadow with astrometric observables
• Light Ring behind Wormhole Throat: Geodesics, Images and Shadows
• Null Geodesics of Charged Black Holes in String Theory
• Bounds on Photon Spheres and Shadows of Charged Black Holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-Maxwell Gravity
• Optical appearance of black holes surrounded by a dark matter halo
• Spinning a charged dilaton black hole
• Black holes in dRGT massive gravity with the signature of EHT observations of M87*
• Particle motions and Gravitational Lensing in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley Massive Gravity Theory
• Does the shape of the shadow of a black hole depend on motional status of an observer?
• Thin accretion disks and charged rotating dilaton black holes
• Motion of Test Particles around a Charged Dilatonic Black Hole
• Scalar Perturbations of Charged Dilaton Black Holes
• Shadows of rotating Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton black holes surrounded by a plasma
• Observing the Shadows of Stellar-Mass Black Holes with Binary Companions
• Shadow of the $5D$ Reissner-Nordström AdS Black Hole
• Massive neutral particles on heterotic string theory
• Scalarization of planar anti de Sitter charged black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar theory
• Timelike geodesics around a charged spherically symmetric dilaton black hole
• Bound on photon circular orbits in general relativity and beyond
• Horizon Straddling ISCOs in Spherically Symmetric String Black Holes

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Shadows and Observational Images of a Schwarzschild-like Black Hole Surrounded by a Dehnen-type Dark Matter Halo