Central X-ray point-sources found to be abundant in low-mass, late-type galaxies predicted to contain an intermediate-mass black hole

Abstract

Building upon three late-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster with both a predicted black hole mass of less than $\sim$10${}^5$ M${}_{\odot }$ and a centrally-located X-ray point-source, we reveal 11 more such galaxies, more than tripling the number of active intermediate-mass black hole candidates among this population. Moreover, this amounts to a 36$\pm$8% X-ray detection rate (despite the sometimes high, X-ray-absorbing, HI column densities), compared to just 10$\pm$5% for (the largely HI-free) dwarf early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster. The expected contribution of X-ray binaries from the galaxies' inner field stars is negligible. Moreover, given that both the spiral and dwarf galaxies contain nuclear star clusters, the above inequality appears to disfavor X-ray binaries in nuclear star clusters. The higher occupation, or rather detection, fraction among the spiral galaxies may instead reflect an enhanced cool gas/fuel supply and Eddington ratio. Indeed, four of the 11 new X-ray detections are associated with known LINERs or LINER/HII composites. For all (four) of the new detections for which the X-ray flux was strong enough to establish the spectral energy distribution in the Chandra band, it is consistent with power-law spectra. Furthermore, the X-ray emission from the source with the highest flux (NGC 4197: $L_X\approx 10^{40}$ erg s${}^{-1}$) suggests a non-stellar-mass black hole if the X-ray spectrum corresponds to the `low/hard state'. Follow-up observations to further probe the black hole masses, and prospects for spatially resolving the gravitational spheres-of-influence around intermediate-mass black holes, are reviewed in some detail.

arXiv commentTo appear in ApJ (accepted Sep. 2021)

References in corpus (249)

• The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE): Mission Description and Initial On-orbit Performance
• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• The Spitzer Space Telescope Mission
• LOFAR: The LOw-Frequency ARray
• The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III
• The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) Mission
• The Host Galaxies and Classification of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Central Masses and Broad-Line Region Sizes of Active Galactic Nuclei. II. A Homogeneous Analysis of a Large Reverberation-Mapping Database
• HI4PI: A full-sky HI survey based on EBHIS and GASS
• Advection-Dominated Accretion: Underfed Black Holes and Neutron Stars
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole
• GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of $150M_{\odot }$
• A Search for "Dwarf" Seyfert Nuclei. III. Spectroscopic Parameters and Properties of the Host Galaxies
• A fundamental plane of black hole activity
• Interferometer design of the KAGRA gravitational wave detector
• Mid-Infrared Selection of AGN with the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer. I. Characterizing WISE-Selected AGN in COSMOS
• A Scheme to Unify Low-Power Accreting Black Holes - Jet-Dominated Accretion Flows and the Radio/X-Ray Correlation
• An Ultraluminous X-ray Source Powered by An Accreting Neutron Star
• Science with the space-based interferometer LISA. V: Extreme mass-ratio inspirals
• Discovery of a binary AGN in the ultraluminous infrared galaxy NGC 6240 using Chandra
• A concise reference to (projected) Sersic R^{1/n} quantities, including Concentration, Profile Slopes, Petrosian indices, and Kron Magnitudes
• Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei. II. Calibration of the M-sigma Relationship for AGNs
• A comprehensive classification of galaxies in the SDSS: How to tell true from fake AGN?
• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. VI. Isophotal Analysis and the Structure of Early-Type Galaxies
• X-ray emission from star-forming galaxies - I. High-mass X-ray binaries
• Dwarf Galaxies with Optical Signatures of Active Massive Black Holes
• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. VIII. The Nuclei of Early-Type Galaxies
• Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources
• Large Merger Recoils and Spin Flips From Generic Black-Hole Binaries
• An Intermediate-mass Black Hole of Over 500 Solar Masses in the Galaxy ESO 243-49
• HST photometry of dwarf elliptical galaxies in Coma, and an explanation for the alleged structural dichotomy between dwarf and bright elliptical galaxies
• The evolution of black hole states
• Radio / X-ray correlation in the low/hard state of GX 339--4
• A Compact Supermassive Binary Black Hole System
• An expanded M_bh-sigma diagram, and a new calibration of active galactic nuclei masses
• Bolometric luminosities and Eddington ratios of X-ray selected Active Galactic Nuclei in the XMM-COSMOS survey
• The Absolute Magnitude of the Sun in Several Filters
• A New Sample of Low-mass Black Holes in Active Galaxies
• Consequences of gravitational radiation recoil
• An HST Census of Nuclear Star Clusters in Late-Type Spiral Galaxies: I. Observations and Image Analysis
• Virgo Galaxies with Long One-Sided HI Tails
• A Chandra Perspective On Galaxy-Wide X-ray Binary Emission And Its Correlation With Star Formation Rate And Stellar Mass: New Results From Luminous Infrared Galaxies
• Ultraluminous X-ray Sources in the Chandra and XMM-Newton Era
• Localization and broadband follow-up of the gravitational-wave transient GW150914
• Inclination- and dust-corrected galaxy parameters: Bulge-to-disc ratios and size-luminosity relations
• Feast and Famine: Regulation of Black Hole Growth in Low Redshift Galaxies
• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. I. Introduction to the Survey
• Radio Sources in Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei.IV. Radio Luminosity Function, Importance of Jet Power, and Radio Properties of the Complete Palomar Sample
• Evidence for Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei from Emission-Line Reverberation
• Massive Black Hole Binary Evolution
• Event rate estimates for LISA extreme mass ratio capture sources
• X-ray Binary Evolution Across Cosmic Time
• POX 52: A Dwarf Seyfert 1 Galaxy With An Intermediate-Mass Black Hole
• The Megamaser Cosmology Project. III. Accurate Masses of Seven Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galaxies with Circumnuclear Megamaser Disks
• Quantifying the Coexistence of Massive Black Holes and Dense Nuclear Star Clusters
• A log-quadratic relation for predicting supermassive black hole masses from the host bulge Sersic index
• 2MASS NIR photometry for 693 candidate globular clusters in M31 and the Revised Bologna Catalogue
• A New Sample of (Wandering) Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies from High Resolution Radio Observations
• The Coincidence of Nuclear Star Clusters and Active Galactic Nuclei
• Interaction of massive black hole binaries with their stellar environment: I. Ejection of hypervelocity stars
• Getting a kick out of numerical relativity
• Using the Fundamental Plane of Black Hole Activity to Distinguish X-ray Processes from Weakly Accreting Black Holes
• Follow up of GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart by Australian-led observing programs
• X-ray Luminosity Function and Total Luminosity of LMXB in Early Type Galaxies
• Galaxy threshing and the origin of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies in the Fornax cluster
• The Fundamental Plane of Accretion Onto Black Holes with Dynamical Masses
• A ~50,000 solar mass black hole in the nucleus of RGG 118
• Gravitational recoil from spinning binary black hole mergers
• Inspiralling Supermassive Black Holes: A New Signpost for Galaxy Mergers
• A Be-type star with a black hole companion
• Masses and Scaling Relations for Nuclear Star Clusters, and their Coexistence with Central Black Holes
• Galaxy groups and clouds in the Local (z~0.01) universe
• Intermediate-mass black holes in dwarf galaxies out to redshift $\sim$ 2.4 in the Chandra COSMOS Legacy Survey
• Galactic bulges from Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS observations: the lack of r^{1/4} bulges
• Nuclear star clusters in 228 spiral galaxies in the HST/WFPC2 archive: catalogue and comparison to other stellar systems
• Chandra unveils a binary Active Galactic Nucleus in Mrk463
• Improved Dynamical Constraints on the Masses of the Central Black Holes in Nearby Low-mass Early-type Galactic Nuclei And the First Black Hole Determination for NGC 205
• A characteristic optical variability timescale in astrophysical accretion disks
• Hierarchical black hole mergers in young, globular and nuclear star clusters: the effect of metallicity, spin and cluster properties
• A Population of Bona Fide Intermediate Mass Black Holes Identified as Low Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei
• Orbital, precessional and flaring variability of Cygnus X-1
• Arp 299: a second merging system with two active nuclei?
• The evolution of the high-energy cut-off in the X-Ray spectrum of the GX 339-4 across a hard-to-soft transition
• The X-ray Spectral Evolution of Galactic Black Hole X-ray Binaries Toward Quiescence
• Correlation between the photon index and X-ray luminosity of black hole X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei: observations and interpretation
• Multimessenger Signatures of Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies
• The Black Hole Mass-Bulge Luminosity Relationship for Active Galactic Nuclei from Reverberation Mapping and Hubble Space Telescope Imaging
• Mid-Infrared Spectral Diagnostics of Nuclear and Extra-Nuclear Regions in Nearby Galaxies
• Event Horizon Telescope observations of the jet launching and collimation in Centaurus A
• Black Holes at the Centers of Nearby Dwarf Galaxies
• Nearby Early-Type Galactic Nuclei at High Resolution: Dynamical Black Hole and Nuclear Star Cluster Mass Measurements
• The erratic dynamical life of black hole seeds in high-redshift galaxies
• The Great Escape: Discovery of a nearby 1700 km/s star ejected from the Milky Way by Sgr A*
• A 1.75 kpc/h Separation Dual AGN at z=0.36 in the COSMOS Field
• GROWTH on S190425z: Searching thousands of square degrees to identify an optical or infrared counterpart to a binary neutron star merger with the Zwicky Transient Facility and Palomar Gattini IR
• Measuring the mass of the central black hole in the bulgeless galaxy NGC 4395 from gas dynamical modeling
• Massive Black Holes in Star Clusters. I. Equal-mass clusters
• Recoiling black holes: prospects for detection and implications of spin alignment
• X-ray Binary Luminosity Function Scaling Relations for Local Galaxies Based on Subgalactic Modeling
• Caught in the Act: Strong, Active Ram Pressure Stripping in Virgo Cluster Spiral NGC 4330
• The (black hole)-bulge mass scaling relation at low masses
• A Radio Census of Binary Supermassive Black Holes
• A Search for "Dwarf" Seyfert Nuclei. VII. A Catalog of Central Stellar Velocity Dispersions of Nearby Galaxies
• Feedback by Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies
• The search for active black holes in nearby low-mass galaxies using optical and mid-IR data
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Evidence of the importance of AGN feedback in low-mass galaxies
• A Runaway Black Hole in COSMOS: Gravitational Wave or Slingshot Recoil?
• The Low-Mass X-ray Binary and Globular Cluster Connection in Virgo Cluster Early-type Galaxies: Optical Properties
• Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Early-Type Galaxies: $M_{BH}$-$M_{\ast ,sph}$ and $M_{BH}$-$M_{\ast ,gal}$
• AMUSE-Virgo II. Down-sizing in black hole accretion
• AMUSE-Virgo I. Super-massive black holes in low-mass spheroids
• Hidden AGN in dwarf galaxies revealed by MaNGA: light echoes, off-nuclear wanderers, and a new broad-line AGN
• Updated Mass Scaling Relations for Nuclear Star Clusters and a Comparison to Supermassive Black Holes
• Effects of gravitational-wave recoil on the dynamics and growth of supermassive black holes
• Identifying AGNs in low-mass galaxies via long-term optical variability
• The MAVERIC Survey: Still No Evidence for Accreting Intermediate-mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters
• The Discovery of H2O Maser Emission in Seven AGN and at High Velocities in the Circinus Galaxy
• No Evidence for Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters: Strong Constraints from the JVLA
• The Fundamental Plane of Black Hole Accretion and its Use as a Black Hole-Mass Estimator
• Pulsator-like spectra from Ultraluminous X-ray sources and the search for more ultraluminous pulsars
• Study of the accreting pulsar 4U 0115+634 with a bulk and thermal Comptonization model
• Hypercompact Stellar Systems Around Recoiling Supermassive Black Holes
• A Kiloparsec-Scale Binary Active Galactic Nucleus Confirmed by the Expanded Very Large Array
• Density-potential pairs for spherical stellar systems with Sersic light-profiles and (optional) power-law cores
• Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Spiral Galaxies. I. $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{sph}}$
• Obscured Binary Quasar Cores in SDSS J104807.74+005543.5?
• Supermassive Black Hole Binary Candidates from the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey
• The Host Galaxy and Central Engine of the Dwarf AGN POX 52
• BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey - IV: Near-Infrared Coronal Lines, Hidden Broad Lines, and Correlation with Hard X-ray Emission
• Detecting Gravitational Waves With Disparate Detector Responses: Two New Binary Black Hole Mergers
• X-ray Detected AGN in SDSS Dwarf Galaxies
• Improved Dynamical Constraints on the Mass of the central Black Hole in NGC 404
• Wandering Supermassive Black Holes in Milky Way Mass Halos
• A Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE). II. Constraining the quenching time in the stripped galaxy NGC 4330
• The X-ray spectral properties of the AGN population in the XMM-Newton bright serendipitous survey
• A Displaced Supermassive Black Hole in M87
• AGN-Driven Outflows in Dwarf Galaxies
• Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Spiral Galaxies. II. $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{tot}}$ and $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{disk}}$
• Exploring intermediate and massive black-hole binaries with the Einstein Telescope
• Gravitational wave background from extreme mass ratio inspirals
• Properties of discrete X-ray sources in the starburst spiral galaxy M83
• Chandra ACIS Survey of X-ray Point Sources: The Source Catalog
• Dynamical Constraints on The Masses of the Nuclear Star Cluster and Black Hole in the Late-Type Spiral Galaxy NGC 3621
• WFPC2 Observations of Compact Star Cluster Nuclei in Low Luminosity Spiral Galaxies
• Dependence of the LMXB population on stellar age
• Revealing Hidden Substructures in the $M_{BH}$-$\sigma$ Diagram, and Refining the Bend in the $L$-$\sigma$ Relation
• Updating the (Supermassive Black Hole Mass) - (Spiral Arm Pitch Angle) Relation: A Strong Correlation for Galaxies with Pseudobulges
• The Incidence of Active Galactic Nuclei in Pure Disk Galaxies: The Spitzer View
• Ram pressure stripping of the multiphase ISM and star formation in the Virgo spiral galaxy NGC 4330
• Binary black hole merger gravitational waves and recoil in the large mass ratio limit
• The Black Hole Mass of NGC 4151. II. Stellar Dynamical Measurement from Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectroscopy
• Evidence for a change in the X-ray radiation mechanism in the hard state of Galactic black holes
• A catalog of merging dwarf galaxies in the local universe
• The INTEGRAL Complete Sample of Type 1 AGN
• Multiwavelength spectral evolution during the 2011 outburst of the very faint X-ray transient Swift J1357.2-0933
• The 2015 Decay of the Black Hole X-ray Binary V404 Cygni: Robust Disk-Jet Coupling and a Sharp Transition into Quiescence
• Revealing the intermediate-mass black hole at the heart of the dwarf galaxy NGC 404 with sub-parsec resolution ALMA observations
• Ejection of high-velocity stars from the Galactic Center by an inspiraling Intermediate-Mass Black Hole
• HST/WFPC2 imaging of the circumnuclear structure of LLAGNs. I Data and nuclear morphology
• Varstrometry for Off-nucleus and Dual sub-Kpc AGN (VODKA): How Well-centered Are Low-z AGN?
• Supermassive black holes in the Sbc spiral galaxies NGC 3310, NGC 4303 and NGC 4258
• Beyond Ellipse(s): Accurately Modelling the Isophotal Structure of Galaxies with $Isofit$ and $Cmodel$
• The Limitations of Optical Spectroscopic Diagnostics in Identifying AGNs in the Low Mass Regime
• Very Long Baseline Array Imaging of Parsec-scale Radio Emissions in Nearby Radio-quiet Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies
• Systematic search for tidal features around nearby galaxies: I. Enhanced SDSS imaging of the Local Volume
• A new model for the X-ray continuum of the magnetized accreting pulsars
• RCSED - A Value-Added Reference Catalog of Spectral Energy Distributions of 800,299 Galaxies in 11 Ultraviolet, Optical, and Near-Infrared Bands: Morphologies, Colors, Ionized Gas and Stellar Populations Properties
• X-ray spectral evolution in M33 X-8
• The census of nuclear activity of late-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster
• The supermassive black hole in NGC4486a detected with SINFONI at the VLT
• Recoiling Supermassive Black Holes: a search in the Nearby Universe
• SDSS J160531.84+174826.1: A Dwarf Disk Galaxy With An Intermediate-Mass Black Hole
• The tidal remnant of an unusually metal-poor globular cluster
• Multiwavelength Follow-up of the Hyperluminous Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidate 3XMM J215022.4-055108
• Gravitational Wave Recoil Oscillations of Black Holes: Implications for Unified Models of Active Galactic Nuclei
• The early stage of a cosmic collision? XMM-Newton unveils two obscured AGN in the galaxy pair ESO509-IG066
• Millimetre-wave Emission from an Intermediate-Mass Black Hole Candidate in the Milky Way
• Enhancement of the tidal disruption event rate in galaxies with a nuclear star cluster: from dwarfs to ellipticals
• The Infrared Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) for TMT: Instrument Overview
• Spatially Offset Active Galactic Nuclei I: Selection and Spectroscopic Properties
• A Catalog of Hyper-luminous X-ray Sources and Intermediate-Mass Black Hole Candidates out to High Redshifts
• VLT surface photometry and isophotal analysis of early-type dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster
• The Chandra View of NGC 4178: The Lowest Mass Black Hole in a Bulgeless Disk Galaxy?
• The Fornax dwarf galaxy as a remnant of recent dwarf-dwarf merging in the Local Group
• $Profiler$ - A Fast and Versatile New Program for Decomposing Galaxy Light Profiles
• A Uniformly Selected Sample of Low-Mass Black Holes in Seyfert 1 Galaxies. II. The SDSS DR7 Sample
• The Radio Properties of Composite LINER/HII Galaxies
• A V-Band Survey for Variable Galactic Nuclei in the Hubble Deep Field
• Variability-based AGN selection using image subtraction in the SDSS and LSST era
• Fundamental Reference AGN Monitoring Experiment (FRAMEx) I: Jumping Out of the Plane with the VLBA
• Nuclear properties of a sample of nearby spirals from STIS imaging
• XMM-Newton Observations of the Ultraluminous Nuclear X-ray Source in M33
• Detection of faint stars near SgrA* with GRAVITY
• A Complete Redshift Survey to the Zwicky Catalog Limit in a 2-hour by 15-degree Region Around 3C 273
• Numerical simulations of dwarf galaxy merger trees
• Introducing the Search for Intermediate-mass Black-hole In Nearby Galaxy (SIBLING) Survey
• Metallicity Effect on LMXB Formation in Globular Clusters
• The radio emission from Active Galactic Nuclei
• LEDA 074886: A remarkable rectangular-looking galaxy
• X-ray Binary Luminosity Function Scaling Relations in Elliptical Galaxies: Evidence for Globular Cluster Seeding of Low-Mass X-ray Binaries in Galactic Fields
• Intermediate-mass-ratio-inspirals in the Einstein Telescope: I. Signal-to-noise ratio calculations
• Extending Virial Black Hole Mass Estimates to Low-Luminosity or Obscured AGN: the cases of NGC 4395 and MCG -01-24-012
• The Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy VCC848 Formed by Dwarf-Dwarf Merging
• The DEEP Groth Strip Survey VI. Spectroscopic, Variability, and X-ray Detection of AGN
• The mass fraction of AGN and the Fundamental Plane of black hole activity from a large X-ray selected sample of LINERs
• Investigating AGN Black Hole Masses and the M-${\sigma }_e$ relation for Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• A cosmological view of extreme mass-ratio inspirals in nuclear star clusters
• A VLA radio-survey of early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster
• An off-centered active galactic nucleus in NGC 3115
• Formation of the Small Magellanic Cloud: ancient major merger as a solution to the kinematical differences between old stars and HI gas
• Revisit the fundamental plane of black-hole activity from sub-Eddington to quiescent state
• Expected intermediate mass black holes in the Virgo cluster. II. Late-type galaxies
• Expected intermediate-mass black holes in the Virgo cluster. I. Early-type galaxies
• Chandra and MMT observations of low-mass black hole active galactic nuclei accreting at low rates in dwarf galaxies
• An extremely metal-deficient globular cluster in the Andromeda Galaxy
• Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of the Active Dwarf Galaxy RGG 118
• A Potential Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole CXO J101527.2+625911
• A close look at the dwarf AGN of NGC 4395: optical and near-IR integral field spectroscopy
• Pairing of Massive Black Holes in Merger Galaxies Driven by Dynamical Friction
• The hyperluminous X-ray source candidate in IC 4320: another HLX bites the dust
• Chandra Observations of the Nucleus of M33
• Does the intermediate mass black hole in LEDA 87300 (RGG 118) follow the near-quadratic (M_bh)-(M_spheroid) relation?
• Relics of Supermassive Black Hole Seeds: The Discovery of an Accreting Black Hole in an Optically Normal, Low Metallicity Dwarf Galaxy
• Searching for hidden AGN in nearby star-forming galaxies with Chandra
• Is IRAS 01072+4954 a True-Seyfert 2? Hints from Near Infrared Integral Field Spectroscopy
• Gravitational Encounters and the Evolution of Galactic Nuclei. IV. Captures Mediated by Gravitational-Wave Energy Loss
• Improvement of the target sensitivity in DECIGO by optimizing its parameters for quantum noise including the effect of diffraction loss
• Detection of 183 GHz water megamaser emission towards NGC 4945
• A consistency-test for determining whether ultra-compact dwarf galaxies could be the remnant nuclei of threshed galaxies
• Revisiting the complex nuclear region of NGC 6240 with Chandra
• High resolution Chandra X-ray imaging of the nucleus of M33
• Single Colour Diagnostics of the Mass-to-light Ratio: Predictions from Galaxy Formation Models
• Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): A $\text{WISE}$ study of the activity of emission-line systems in G23
• A New Radio Catalogue for M83: Supernova Remnants and H II Regions
• An Accreting, Anomalously Low Mass Black Hole at the Center of Low Mass Galaxy IC 750
• The Detectability of Kiloparsec Scale Dual AGNs: The Impact of Galactic Structure and Black Hole Orbital Properties
• A Multi-wavelength Study of the Dual Nuclei in Mrk 212
• Potential Black Hole Seeding of the Spiral Galaxy NGC 4424 via an Infalling Star Cluster
• The physical fundamental plane of black hole activity: revisited
• A New Sample of Obscured AGNs Selected from the XMM-Newton and AKARI Surveys
• Generation of gravitational waves and tidal disruptions in clumpy galaxies
• The Complex Gaseous and Stellar environments of the nearby dual AGN Mrk 739
• Discovery of An Active Intermediate-Mass Black Hole Candidate in the Barred Bulgeless Galaxy NGC 3319
• Investigating the evolution of the dual AGN system ESO~509-IG066
• La Freccia Rossa: An IR-dark cloud hosting the Milky Way intermediate-mass black hole candidate
• Swift-XRT 6-year monitoring of the ultraluminous X-ray source M33-X8
• Towards Realistic Modeling of the Astrometric Capabilities of MCAO Systems: Detecting an Intermediate Mass Black Hole with MAVIS
• Refining the mass estimate for the intermediate-mass black hole candidate in NGC 3319
• NuSTAR observations of the ultraluminous X-ray source M33 X-8: a black hole in a very high state?

Cited by in corpus (5)

• AGN Feedback in SDSS-IV MaNGA: AGNs have Suppressed Central Star Formation Rates
• A Chandra Virgo cluster survey of spiral galaxies. I. Introduction to the survey and a new ULX sample
• Invoking the virial theorem to understand the impact of (dry) mergers on the $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$\sigma$ relation
• Probing the Low-mass End of the Black Hole Mass Function via a Study of Faint Local Spiral Galaxies
• Identification of Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidates Among a Sample of Sd Galaxies