Black Holes in Lorentz-Violating Gravity: Thermodynamics, Geometry, and Particle Dynamics

Abstract

We investigate the thermodynamics, topology, and geometry of black holes in Lorentz-violating gravity. Modifications in the theory by perturbative parameter lead to coupled changes in horizon structure and thermodynamic behaviour, allowing us to derive generalized universal relations and explore implications for the Weak Gravity Conjecture. The thermodynamic topology reveals distinct topological charges, with photon spheres identified as robust topological defects. Our analysis shows that the Ruppeiner curvature remains universally negative across thermodynamic ensembles, indicating dominant attractive interactions among microstructures. This ensemble-independent behaviour highlights a fundamental thermodynamic universality in Lorentz-violating settings. Together, these results provide a consistent and rich framework for understanding black hole microphysics and gravitational consistency in modified theories. We further study the motion of timelike test particles in these black hole spacetimes by analyzing the effective potential shaped by the Lorentz-violating couplings. The resulting dynamics reveal the existence of bound orbits and stable circular trajectories, with the location of the innermost stable circular orbit and turning points significantly influenced by the parameters ${\ell }_{1,2}$, and the cosmological constant. Numerical simulations of trajectories in the $x-y,x-z$, and 3D planes show precessing, bounded, and plunging orbits, depending on the particle's specific energy and angular momentum. These results highlight how Lorentz-violating effects alter the structure of geodesic motion and provide potential observational signatures in the dynamics of massive particles near black holes.

v1: 26 pages, many figures

References in corpus (70)

• Gauge Theory Correlators from Non-Critical String Theory
• Large N Field Theories, String Theory and Gravity
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole
• P-V criticality of charged AdS black holes
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation
• Schwarzschild black hole lensing
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Data Processing and Calibration
• Quantum corrections to holographic entanglement entropy
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VIII. Magnetic Field Structure near The Event Horizon
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI: Testing the Black Hole Metric
• The geometry of photon surfaces
• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Testing Astrophysical Models of the Galactic Center Black Hole
• Quantum gravity corrections to neutrino propagation
• Testing the rotational nature of the supermassive object M87* from the circularity and size of its first image
• Jerusalem Lectures on Black Holes and Quantum Information
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VII. Polarization of the Ring
• Cosmological Constraints on Lorentz Violation in Electrodynamics
• Testing the No-Hair Theorem with Observations in the Electromagnetic Spectrum: II. Black-Hole Images
• Influence of a plasma on the shadow of a spherically symmetric black hole
• Nonlinear electrodynamics effects on the black hole shadow, deflection angle, quasinormal modes and greybody factors
• Logarithmic Corrections to Schwarzschild and Other Non-extremal Black Hole Entropy in Different Dimensions
• Stationary black holes and light rings
• Gravitational deflection of light and shadow cast by rotating Kalb-Ramond black holes
• Photon Rings around Kerr and Kerr-like Black Holes
• Cross Sections and Lorentz Violation
• Vacuum Cherenkov radiation
• Probing Lorentz and CPT violation with space-based experiments
• Distortions of images of Schwarzschild lensing
• Strong gravitational lensing and shadow constraint from M87* of slowly rotating Kerr-like black hole
• New Observational Bounds to Quantum Gravity Signals
• Ruppeiner Geometry of RN Black Holes: Flat or Curved?
• Consistent thermodynamics and topological classes for the four-dimensional Lorentzian charged Taub-NUT spacetimes
• Modified black hole solution with a background Kalb-Ramond field
• Classifying topology of consistent thermodynamics of the four-dimensional neutral Lorentzian NUT-charged spacetimes
• Patterns of Lorentz symmetry breaking in QED by CPT-odd interaction
• Lorentz Symmetry Breaking in Abelian Vector-Field Models with Wess-Zumino Interaction
• Thermodynamic topology of 4D Dyonic AdS black holes in different ensembles
• A Universal Relation Between Corrections to Entropy and Extremality
• Bardeen Black Hole Thermodynamics from Topological Perspective
• Thermodynamical Metrics and Black Hole Phase Transitions
• Black Hole Shadow in Symmergent Gravity
• Topological classification and black hole thermodynamics
• Thermodynamic Topology and Photon Spheres in the Hyperscaling violating black holes
• Spherical null geodesics of rotating Kerr black holes
• Electrically charged black holes in gravity with a background Kalb-Ramond field
• One-Loop Renormalization of the Electroweak Sector with Lorentz Violation
• Static neutral black holes in Kalb-Ramond gravity
• Lorentz violation alleviates gravitationally induced entanglement degradation
• Black hole surrounded by the pseudo-isothermal dark matter halo
• 4D scale-dependent Schwarzschild-AdS/dS black holes: study of shadow and weak deflection angle and greybody bounding
• Thermodynamic topology of black Holes in f(R) gravity
• Topological classes of thermodynamics of the rotating charged AdS black holes in gauged supergravities
• Shadow and deflection angle of asymptotic, magnetically-charged, non-singular black hole
• Deflection of light rays by spherically symmetric black hole in dispersive medium
• Coupled dark energy: a dynamical analysis with complex scalar field
• Shadow and greybody bounding of a regular scale-dependent black hole solution
• Thermodynamic Topology of $D=4,5$ Horava Lifshitz Black Hole in Two Ensembles
• Thermodynamic Topology and Phase Space Analysis of AdS Black Holes Through Non-Extensive Entropy Perspectives
• Shadow of slowly rotating Kalb-Ramond black holes
• Thermodynamic curvature and ensemble nonequivalence
• Metamorphoses of a photon sphere
• Topological Insights into Black Hole Thermodynamics: Non-Extensive Entropy in CFT framework
• Particle creation and evaporation in Kalb-Ramond gravity
• Non-extensive Entropy and Holographic Thermodynamics: Topological Insights
• Observational Signatures: Shadow cast by the effective metric of photons for black holes with rational non-linear electrodynamics
• WGC as WCCC protector: The Synergistic Effects of various Parameters in Identifying WGC candidate Models
• Non-perturbative correction on the black hole geometry
• Motion of Spinning Particles around Electrically Charged Black Hole in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld Gravity

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Topology of black hole thermodynamics: A brief review
• A Deep Dive into classical and Topological CFT Thermodynamics in Lifshitz and Hyperscaling Violating Black Holes