Testing Horndeski Gravity from EHT Observational Results for Rotating Black Holes

Abstract

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration recently unveiled the first image of the supermassive black hole M87*, which exhibited a ring of angular diameter ${\theta }_d=42\pm 3\mu as$, a circularity deviation $\Delta C\le 0.1$, and also inferred a black hole mass of $M=(6.5\pm 0.7)\times 10^9{M}_{\odot }$. This provides a new window onto tests of theories of gravity in the strong-field regime, including probes of violations of the no-hair theorem. It is widely believed that the Kerr metric describes the astrophysical black holes, as encapsulated in the critical but untested no-hair theorem. Modeling Horndeski gravity black holes -- with additional hair parameter $h$ besides the mass $M$ and spin $a$ of the Kerr black hole -- as the supermassive black hole M87*, we observe that to be a viable astrophysical black hole candidate, the EHT result constrains ($a$, $h$) parameter space. However, a systematic bias analysis indicates rotating Horndeski black hole shadows may or may not capture Kerr black hole shadows, depending on the parameter values; the latter is the case over a substantial part of the constrained parameter space, allowing Horndeski gravity and general relativity to be distinguishable in the said space, and opening up the possibility of potential modifications to the Kerr metric.

arXiv comment14 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. Matched to the published version

References in corpus (66)

• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
• Modified Gravity and Cosmology
• The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment
• The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of SDSS-III
• The galileon as a local modification of gravity
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole
• Testing General Relativity with Present and Future Astrophysical Observations
• Kerr black holes with scalar hair
• Black Hole Shadows, Photon Rings, and Lensing Rings
• Study of the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11
• Shadows of Kerr black holes with scalar hair
• Testing the rotational nature of the supermassive object M87* from the circularity and size of its first image
• Measurement of the Kerr Spin Parameter by Observation of a Compact Object's Shadow
• Generating rotating regular black hole solutions without complexification
• A Metric for Rapidly Spinning Black Holes Suitable for Strong-Field Tests of the No-Hair Theorem
• Universal Interferometric Signatures of a Black Hole's Photon Ring
• Probes and Tests of Strong-Field Gravity with Observations in the Electromagnetic Spectrum
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Cosmological parameters from three seasons of data
• The Structure and Dynamics of the Sub-parsec Scale Jet in M87 Based on 50 VLBA Observations Over 17 Years at 43 GHz
• Observing the shadow of Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion black hole
• Kerr black holes with Proca hair
• Rotating black holes in $4D$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity and its shadow
• Gravitational deflection of light and shadow cast by rotating Kalb-Ramond black holes
• Photon Rings around Kerr and Kerr-like Black Holes
• A coordinate-independent characterization of a black hole shadow
• Asymptotically locally AdS and flat black holes in Horndeski theory
• Asymptotically flat black holes in Horndeski theory and beyond
• Black Hole Parameter Estimation from Its Shadow
• The Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-II Supernova Survey
• Constraining the spin and the deformation parameters from the black hole shadow
• Parameter estimation of hairy Kerr black holes from its shadow and constraints from M87*
• Gravitational lensing by black holes in the $4D$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Shadow cast and deflection of light by charged rotating regular black holes
• An explanation of the Newman-Janis Algorithm
• Shapes of rotating nonsingular black hole shadows
• On the charge of the Galactic centre black hole
• Testing loop quantum gravity from observational consequences of non-singular rotating black holes
• Kerr Black Holes are Not Unique to General Relativity
• Slowly rotating neutron stars in the nonminimal derivative coupling sector of Horndeski gravity
• Gravitational lensing by charged black hole in regularized $4D$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Sgr A* and General Relativity
• EHT constraint on the ultralight scalar hair of the M87 supermassive black hole
• Can the EHT M87 results be used to test general relativity?
• No-Hair Theorem in the Wake of Event Horizon Telescope
• Does the black hole shadow probe the event horizon geometry?
• Spherical orbits around a Kerr black hole
• Testing Rotating Regular Metrics as Candidates for Astrophysical Black Holes
• Evaluation of New Submillimeter VLBI Sites for the Event Horizon Telescope
• Analytical calculation of black hole spin using deformation of the shadow
• Parameters estimation and strong gravitational lensing of nonsingular Kerr-Sen black holes
• Shadow and deflection angle of rotating black hole in asymptotically safe gravity
• Black Hole Shadow as a Test of General Relativity: Quadratic Gravity
• Boson stars in biscalar extensions of Horndeski gravity
• Constraining some Horndeski gravity theories
• Photon ring structure of rotating regular black holes and no-horizon spacetimes
• Investigating strong gravitational lensing effects by suppermassive black holes with Horndeski gravity
• Shadows of black hole surrounded by anisotropic fluid in Rastall theory
• Testing the Bardeen metric with the black hole candidate in Cygnus X-1
• Horndeski theories confront the Gravity Probe B experiment
• Estimating the cosmological constant from shadows of Kerr--de Sitter black holes
• Superentropic AdS Black Hole Shadows
• Black hole parameter estimation with synthetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry data from the ground and from space
• Rigidly rotating ZAMO surfaces in the Kerr spacetime
• Black branes in asymptotically Lifshitz spacetime and viscosity/entropy ratios in Horndeski gravity

Cited by in corpus (47)

• Horizon-scale tests of gravity theories and fundamental physics from the Event Horizon Telescope image of Sagittarius A${}^{\ast }$
• Tests of Loop Quantum Gravity from the Event Horizon Telescope Results of Sgr A${}^{\ast }$
• Constraining a modified gravity theory in strong gravitational lensing and black hole shadow observations
• Testing Rotating Regular Metrics with EHT Results of Sgr A*
• Shadows and photon rings of regular black holes and geonic horizonless compact objects
• Superradiant evolution of the shadow and photon ring of Sgr A${}^{\star }$
• Shadow and quasinormal modes of the Kerr-Newman-Kiselev-Letelier black hole
• An Upper Limit on the Charge of the Black Hole Sgr A* from EHT Observations
• Rings and images of Horndeski hairy black hole illuminated by various thin accretions
• Quasiperiodic oscillations around hairy black holes in Horndeski gravity
• Photon regions, shadow observables and constraints from M87* of a charged rotating black hole
• Testing strong gravitational lensing effects by supermassive compact objects with regular spacetimes
• Kerr black holes with synchronised Proca hair: lensing, shadows and EHT constraints
• Rotating Black Holes in Horndeski Gravity: Thermodynamic and Gravitational Lensing
• Absorption, Scattering, Geodesics, Shadows and Lensing Phenomena of Black Holes in Effective Quantum Gravity
• Investigating effects of dark matter on photon orbits and black hole shadows
• Observational predictions of LQG motivated polymerized black holes and constraints from Sgr A* and M87*
• Asymptotically locally flat and AdS higher-dimensional black holes of Einstein-Horndeski-Maxwell gravity in the light of EHT observations: shadow behavior and deflection angle
• Testing EGB gravity coupled to bumblebee field and black hole parameter estimation with EHT observations
• EHT observables as a tool to estimate parameters of supermassive black holes
• The shadows of accelerating Kerr-Newman black hole and constraints from M87*
• Scalar field perturbation around a rotating hairy black hole: quasinormal modes, quasibound states and superradiant instability
• Loop Quantum Gravity motivated multihorizon rotating black holes
• Superradiant energy extraction from rotating hairy Horndeski black holes
• Properties of an axisymmetric Lorentzian non-commutative black hole
• Constraining a one-dimensional wave-type gravitational wave parameter through the shadow of M87* via Event Horizon Telescope
• Parameter estimation of Kerr-Bertotti-Robinson black holes using their shadows
• Gravitational signatures of a nonlinear electrodynamics in $f(R,T)$ gravity
• Shadows and parameter estimation of rotating quantum corrected black holes and constraints from EHT observation of M87* and Sgr A*
• Shadows aspect of rotating black holes in the Einstein-AdS SU(N)-nonlinear sigma model
• Gravitational lensing by a stable rotating regular black hole
• Perturbations of massless external fields in Horndeski hairy black hole
• Influence of Quantum Correction on Kerr Black Hole in Effective Loop Quantum Gravity via Shadows and EHT Results
• Total light bending in non-asymptotically flat black hole spacetimes
• Strong Gravitational Lensing in Horndeski theory
• Gravitational odd-parity perturbation of a Horndeski hairy black hole: quasinormal mode and parameter constraint
• Image of Quantum Improved Regular Kerr Black Hole and Parameter Constraints from EHT Observations
• Five dimensional rotating and Quintessence black hole and their hypershadows
• Axisymmetric black hole in a non-commutative gauge theory: classical and quantum gravity effects
• QNM families: classification and competition
• Probing Observable Features of Lorentz violation in Low-Energy Hořava Gravity with Accretion Disk Images of Black Hole
• Accretion of matter of a new bumblebee black hole
• Limiting the Yukawa Gravity through the Black Hole Shadows of Sgr A* and M87*
• Shadow of rotating black holes with consistent thermodynamics
• Image of a quantum-corrected black hole without Cauchy horizons illuminated by a static thin accretion disk
• Gravitational aspects of a new bumblebee black hole
• Constraints on the $\gamma$-parameter for the vacuum solution of Cotton gravity with geodesics and shadows