HARM: A Numerical Scheme for General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics

Abstract

We describe a conservative, shock-capturing scheme for evolving the equations of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics. The fluxes are calculated using the Harten, Lax, and van Leer scheme. A variant of constrained transport, proposed earlier by Tóth, is used to maintain a divergence free magnetic field. Only the covariant form of the metric in a coordinate basis is required to specify the geometry. We describe code performance on a full suite of test problems in both special and general relativity. On smooth flows we show that it converges at second order. We conclude by showing some results from the evolution of a magnetized torus near a rotating black hole.

38 pages, 18 figures, submitted to ApJ

References in corpus (1)

• A Numerical Method for General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics

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• Signatures of Black Hole Spin and Plasma Acceleration in Jet Polarimetry
• Electromagnetic vs. Lense-Thirring alignment of black hole accretion discs
• An Action Principle for Relativistic MHD
• Survey of Radiative, Two-Temperature Magnetically Arrested Simulations of the Black Hole M87* I: Turbulent Electron Heating
• Non-linear evolutions of magnetised thick discs around black holes: dependence on the initial data
• MC Simulations of the Broadband Spectra of Sagittarius A* through the use of GRMHD
• Simulating magnetized neutron stars with discontinuous Galerkin methods
• The Relationship Between Simulated Sub-Millimeter and Near-Infrared Images of Sagittarius A* from a Magnetically Arrested Black Hole Accretion Flow
• Inverse Compton Cooling in the Coronae of Simulated Black Hole Accretion Flows
• Energy Extraction from Spinning Black Holes via Relativistic Jets
• GenASiS: General Astrophysical Simulation System. I. Refinable Mesh and Nonrelativistic Hydrodynamics
• Magnetic field structure of relativistic jets without current sheets
• Study of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic accretion flow around black holes
• Testing relativistic reflection models with GRMHD simulations of accreting black holes
• The impact of r-process heating on the dynamics of neutron star merger accretion disc winds and their electromagnetic radiation
• Numerical generation of vector potentials from specified magnetic fields
• Performance-Portable Binary Neutron Star Mergers with AthenaK
• Excitations of the Myers-Perry Black Holes
• Blacklight: A General-Relativistic Ray-Tracing and Analysis Tool
• Constraint preserving boundary conditions for the Ideal Newtonian MHD equations
• Hybrid GRMHD and Force-Free Simulations of Black Hole Accretion
• Jet Signatures in the Spectra of Accreting Black Holes
• Magnetic Energy Buildup for Relativistic Magnetar Giant Flares
• Misaligned magnetized accretion flows onto spinning black holes: Magneto-spin alignment, outflow power, and intermittent jets
• New closed analytical solutions for geometrically thick fluid tori around black holes: Numerical evolution and the onset of the magneto-rotational instability
• Multiwavelength Observations of Relativistic Jets from General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
• MHD of rotating compact stars with spectral methods: description of the algorithm and tests
• Problem-orientable numerical algorithm for modelling multi-dimensional radiative MHD flows in astrophysics -- the hierarchical solution scenario
• General Relativistic MHD Jets
• Bayesian Black Hole Photogrammetry
• Accretion in a dynamical spacetime and spinning up of the black hole in the gamma ray burst central engine
• Black hole spin from wobbling and rotation of the M87 jet and a sign of a magnetically arrested disc
• Principal-Component Interferometric Modeling (PRIMO), an Algorithm for EHT Data I: Reconstructing Images from Simulated EHT Observations
• Time Domain Filtering of Resolved Images of Sgr A*
• Numerical viscosity in hydrodynamics simulations in general relativity
• Effect of the toroidal magnetic field on the runaway instability of relativistic tori
• Modeling the GRB jet properties with 3D general relativistic simulations of magnetically arrested accretion flows
• Exploring Black Hole Mimickers: Electromagnetic and Gravitational Signatures of AdS Black Shells
• Handing off the outcome of binary neutron star mergers for accurate and long-term post-merger simulations
• The Black Hole Accretion Code: adaptive mesh refinement and constrained transport
• Energy Extraction from a Black Hole by a Strongly Magnetized Thin Accretion Disk
• Simulations of recoiling black holes: adaptive mesh refinement and radiative transfer
• Numerical Measurements of Scaling Relations in Two-Dimensional Conformal Fluid Turbulence
• AsterX: a new open-source GPU-accelerated GRMHD code for dynamical spacetimes
• Multi-Frequency Models of Black Hole Photon Rings from Low-Luminosity Accretion Disks
• Electromagnetic Fields in Jets
• Effects of Hydrogen vs. Helium on Electromagnetic Black Hole Observables
• Jets from SANE Super-Eddington Accretion Disks: Morphology, Spectra, and Their Potential as Targets for ngEHT
• Towards a Full MHD Jet Model of Spinning Black Holes--I: Framework and a split monopole example
• On the Eddington limit for relativistic accretion discs
• Observational Signatures of Mass-Loading in Jets Launched by Rotating Black Holes
• Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Resistive Pair Plasma and Causal Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics
• Chaotic magnetic disconnections trigger flux eruptions in accretion flows channeled onto magnetically saturated Kerr black holes
• Angle-dependent in-situ fast flavor transformations in post-neutron star merger disks
• cuHARM : a new GPU accelerated GR-MHD code and its application to ADAF disks
• A comparison of approximate non-linear Riemann solvers for Relativistic MHD
• Implementing a new recovery scheme for primitive variables in the general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic code Spritz
• Linear Wave Propagation for Resistive Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics
• A new first-order formulation of the Einstein equations exploiting analogies with electrodynamics
• Modeling Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Numerical Modeling of Multi-wavelength Spectra of M87 Core Emission
• Observational Signatures of Black Hole Accretion: Rotating vs. Spherical Flows with Tilted Magnetic Fields
• Accretion induced black hole spin up revised by numerical GR MHD simulations
• Photon ring polarimetry with next-generation black hole imaging I. M87*
• Measuring the Direction and Angular Velocity of a Black Hole Accretion Disk via Lagged Interferometric Covariance
• Accretion flow in deformed Kerr spacetime: Spectral energy distributions from free-free emission
• A High-Frequency Doppler Feature in the Power Spectra of Simulated GRMHD Black Hole Accretion Disks
• Relativistic Low Angular Momentum Accretion: Long Time Evolution of Hydrodynamical Inviscid Flows
• Simulations of Tidal Disruption Events
• Clumpy wind accretion in Cygnus X-1
• Making black holes visible: accretion, radiation, and jets
• Black Hole Weather Forecasting with Deep Learning: A Pilot Study
• Energetics of Black Hole-Accretion Disk System with Magnetic Connection: Limit of Low Accretion Rate
• MHD models of Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Resolving the radio loud/radio quiet dichotomy without thick disks
• Three-dimensional simulations of the magnetorotational instability in eccentric disks
• Self-gravitating collapsing star and black hole spin-up in long gamma ray bursts
• Bondi Accretion in Trumpet Geometries
• The plunging region of a thin accretion disc around a Schwarzschild black hole
• Evidence for Low Universal Equilibrium Black Hole Spin in Luminous Magnetically Arrested Disks
• Semi-analytic studies of accretion disk and magnetic field geometry in M87*
• Post-Newtonian magnetohydrodynamics
• A method for enhancing the stability and robustness of explicit schemes in astrophysical fluid dynamics
• Refining a relativistic, hydrodynamic solver: Admitting ultra-relativistic flows
• An implicit numerical algorithm for solving the general relativistic hydrodynamical equations around accreting compact objects
• Studying Postmerger Outflows from Magnetized Neutrino-cooled Accretion Disks
• A full relativistic thin disc -- the physics of the plunging region and the value of the stress at the ISCO
• Divergence-Free Magnetohydrodynamics on Conformally Moving, Adaptive Meshes Using a Vector Potential Method
• Numerical general relativistic MHD with magnetically polarized matter
• Spectral Methods for Time-Dependent Studies of Accretion Flows. III. Three-Dimensional, Self-gravitating, Magnetohydrodynamic Disks
• The inner structure and thermodynamics of a thin accretion disc
• Generalized general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic equations for plasmas of active galactic nuclei in the era of the Event Horizon Telescope
• KHARMA: Flexible, Portable Performance for GRMHD
• The Effects of Resolution on Black Hole Accretion Simulations of Jets
• Computational General Relativistic Force-Free Electrodynamics: I. Multi-Coordinate Implementation and Testing
• Approaching the black hole by numerical simulations
• Viscous torque in turbulent magnetized AGN accretion disks and its effects on EMRI's gravitational waves
• Differentiable Cosmological Hydrodynamics for Field-Level Inference and High Dimensional Parameter Constraints
• One-fluid relativistic magnetohydrodynamics equations for a two-fluid plasma with the Landau-Lifshitz radiation reaction force
• Not all spacetime coordinates for general-relativistic ray tracing are created equal
• Shock-induced partial alignment in geometrically-thick tilted accretion disks around black holes
• Future Simulations of Tidal Disruption Events
• Feature Extraction on Synthetic Black Hole Images
• Magnetic Field Strength Effects on Nucleosynthesis from Neutron Star Merger Outflows
• Effects of Spin on High-Energy Radiation from Accreting Black Holes
• External Sources of Poynting Flux in MHD Simulations of Black Hole Ergospheres
• The Lense-Thirring effect at work in M87${}^{\ast }$
• Jet Tilt Instability from Stream-Disk Interactions in MAD Disks
• Magnetic Fields Threading Black Holes: restrictions from general relativity and implications for astrophysical black holes
• Non-thermal Synchrotron Emission and Polarization Signatures during Black Hole Flux Eruptions
• Global resistive MHD accretion flows around spinning AGNs: impact of resistivity on MAD state
• GRMHD simulations of black hole accretion variabilities: Implications to hard state X-ray binary transients
• A general relativistic extension to mesh-free methods for hydrodynamics
• Turbulent magnetic field amplification from spiral SASI modes in core-collapse supernovae
• Black hole outflows initiated by a large-scale magnetic field
• GRMHD simulations of BH activation by small scale magnetic loops: Formation of striped jets and active coronae
• The thickness of a weakly-magnetized accretion flow inside the last stable orbit of a Kerr black hole
• A relativistic two-stream instability in an extremely low-density plasma
• Boundary conditions in hydrodynamic simulations of isolated galaxies and their impact on the gas-loss processes
• Energy distribution and substructure formation in astrophysical MHD simulations
• Development and Application of Numerical Techniques for General-Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations of Black Hole Accretion
• Exploiting the hidden symmetry of spinning black holes: conservation laws and numerical tests
• Turbulence, Gravity, and Multimessenger Asteroseismology
• Scale-invariance of black hole accretion: modeling emission from a black hole X-ray binary with relativistic accretion flow simulations
• Energy flow and radiation efficiency in radiative GRMHD simulations of neutron star ultraluminous X-ray sources
• Exploring Jet Structure and Dynamics in Short Gamma Ray Bursts: A Case Study on GRB 090510
• A general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics extension to mesh-less schemes in the code GIZMO
• Simulations of black hole accretion torus in various magnetic field configurations
• GenASiS: General Astrophysical Simulation System. II. Nonrelativistic Hydrodynamics
• Barycentric interpolation on Riemannian and semi-Riemannian spaces
• Physical Constraint Preserving Higher Order Finite Volume Schemes for Divergence-Free Astrophysical MHD and RMHD
• General relativistic hydrodynamics code for dynamical spacetimes with curvilinear coordinates, tabulated equations of state, and neutrino physics
• Analytical and Numerical Methods and Test Calculations of One-Dimensional Force--Free Magnetodynamics on Arbitrary Magnetic Surfaces across Horizons of Spinning Black Holes
• Accretion and outflow from a magnetized, neutrino cooled torus in the gamma ray burst central engine
• Time variability of low angular momentum accretion flows around black hole
• Understanding of GRB-SN Connection by General Relativistic MHD Simulations
• Three-dimensional GRMHD simulations of jet formation and propagation in self-gravitating collapsing stars
• Characterization of black hole accretion through image moment invariants
• Photometric Constraints on Intermediate-mass Black Holes in the Galactic Centre
• One-dimensional force-free numerical simulations of Alfven waves around a spinning black string
• Resistive Accretion Flows around a Kerr Black Hole
• Corotating light cylinders and Alfvén waves
• Perturbing the accretion flow onto a supermassive black hole by a passing star
• Chemical Evolution and Kilonova Implications of Post-Merger Accretion Disk Winds
• General relativistic radiation transport: Implications for VLBI/EHT observations of AGN discs, winds and jets
• PATOKA: Simulating Electromagnetic Observables of Black Hole Accretion
• Constraints on the accretion properties of quasi-periodic erupters from GRMHD simulations
• Photon Ring Symmetries in Simulated Linear Polarization Images of Messier 87*
• Investigating the Disk-Jet Structure in M87 through Flux Separation in the Linear and Circular Polarization Images
• High Resolution Imaging of a Black Hole Shadow with Millimetron Orbit around Lagrange Point L2
• Using Simulations of Black Holes to Study General Relativity and the Properties of Inner Accretion Flow
• MIR: a general-relativistic resistive-magneto-hydrodynamic code to study the effect of resistivity in Neutron Star dynamics
• Exploring the Role of Vector Potential and Plasma-$\beta$ in Jet Formation from Magnetized Accretion Flows
• Fast Stencil Computations using Fast Fourier Transforms
• Full-polarization millimeter wavelength variability of Sagittarius A* during the 2018 EHT campaign
• Impacts of radiative cooling on the images of a black hole shadow and extended jets in two-temperature GRMHD simulations
• GRRMHD Simulations of State Transitions in Non-Jetted Tidal Disruption Events
• General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic and Monte Carlo Modeling of Sagittarius A*
• Neutrino and $\gamma$-ray Emission from the Core of NGC1275 by Magnetic Reconnection: GRMHD Simulations and Radiative Transfer/Particle Calculations
• Variability of magnetically-dominated jets from accreting black holes
• Observational distinguishability of the Kerr and Kerr-Hayward metrics to EHT