Jet Tilt Instability from Stream-Disk Interactions in MAD Disks

Abstract

Magnetically arrested accretion disks (MADs) around a rapidly rotating black hole (BH) have been proposed as a model for jetted tidal disruption events (TDEs). However, the stream and disk interact strongly at times, and this will lead to different dynamics than expected in the standard MAD model. Here we employ global GRMHD simulations of a MAD disk interacting with an injected stream with a penetrating pericenter $R_p\sim 10r_g$ and a range of density contrasts $f_{\rho }\equiv {\rho }_d/{\rho }_s$, or how dense the disk is relative to the stream. We demonstrate for the first time that a MAD or semi-MAD state can be sustained and jets powered by the BH spin can be produced even when the stream is much denser than the disk, i.e. in the first month(s) of a jetted TDE. We also demonstrate that the strength of the self-intersection shock decreases as $f_{\rho }$, and time, increases. The jet or funnel can become significantly tilted (by $10-30^{\circ }$) due to the self-intersection outflow when $f_{\rho }\le 0.1$. In models with a powerful jet and $f_{\rho }\le 0.01$, the tilted jet interacts with and ultimately tilts the disk by as much as 23 degrees from the incoming stream and this tilted state is stable for the duration of the simulation. As $f_{\rho }$ increases, the tilt of the jet and disk is expected to realign with the BH spin once $f_{\rho }\ge 0.1$. The jet tilt could rapidly realign due to outer disk collapse or the self-intersection radius increasing. Our results provide an alternative explanation for the observed X-ray jet shut-off in days-weeks in jetted TDEs.

21 pages, 22 figures, videos available at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL6Na55ZD3RmoJl7Rjhn6gCeAE0HWYCI0b

References in corpus (72)

• LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
• Efficient Generation of Jets from Magnetically Arrested Accretion on a Rapidly Spinning Black Hole
• General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Magnetically Choked Accretion Flows around Black Holes
• HARM: A Numerical Scheme for General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics
• Magnetically Arrested Disk: An Energetically Efficient Accretion Flow
• A relativistic jetted outburst from a massive black hole fed by a tidally disrupted star
• Discovery of the Onset of Rapid Accretion by a Dormant Massive Black Hole
• Hydrodynamical Simulations to Determine the Feeding Rate of Black Holes by the Tidal Disruption of Stars: The Importance of the Impact Parameter and Stellar Structure
• Optical Flares from the Tidal Disruption of Stars by Massive Black Holes
• Tidal Disruption Events
• The Birth of a Relativistic Outflow in the Unusual γ-ray Transient Swift J164449.3+573451
• Swift J2058.4+0516: Discovery of a Possible Second Relativistic Tidal Disruption Flare?
• Stellar disruption by a supermassive black hole: is the light curve really proportional to $t^{-5/3}$?
• A unified model for tidal disruption events
• Numerical simulations of super-critical black hole accretion flows in general relativity
• General Relativistic Hydrodynamic Simulation of Accretion Flow from a Stellar Tidal Disruption
• A Bright Year for Tidal Disruptions?
• Consequences of Strong Compression in Tidal Disruption Events
• Disc formation from tidal disruptions of stars on eccentric orbits by Schwarzschild black holes
• Discovery of an outflow from radio observations of the tidal disruption event ASASSN-14li
• The Final Season Reimagined: 30 Tidal Disruption Events from the ZTF-I Survey
• Radio Properties of Tidal Disruption Events
• Circularization of Tidally Disrupted Stars around Spinning Supermassive Black Holes
• Energy, momentum and mass outflows and feedback from thick accretion discs around rotating black holes
• Swift J1644+57 gone MAD: the case for dynamically-important magnetic flux threading the black hole in a jetted tidal disruption event
• Global simulations of axisymmetric radiative black hole accretion disks in general relativity with a sub-grid magnetic dynamo
• Large-Scale Poloidal Magnetic Field Dynamo Leads to Powerful Jets in GRMHD Simulations of Black Hole Accretion with Toroidal Field
• Swift J1112.2-8238: A Candidate Relativistic Tidal Disruption Flare
• Magnetohydrodynamical Accretion Flows: Formation of Magnetic Tower Jet and Subsequent Quasi-Steady State
• Powerful radiative jets in super-critical accretion disks around non-spinning black holes
• Radio Monitoring of the Tidal Disruption Event Swift J164449.3+573451. II. The Relativistic Jet Shuts Off and a Transition to Forward Shock X-ray/Radio Emission
• Hyperaccretion during tidal disruption events: weakly bound debris envelopes and jets
• Prompt Radiation and Mass Outflows from the Stream-Stream Collisions of Tidal Disruption Events
• Accelerating AGN jets to parsec scales using general relativistic MHD simulations
• The star ingesting luminosity of intermediate mass black holes in globular clusters
• Ab Initio Horizon-Scale Simulations of Magnetically Arrested Accretion in Sagittarius A* Fed by Stellar Winds
• Discovery and Follow-up of ASASSN-19dj: An X-ray and UV Luminous TDE in an Extreme Post-Starburst Galaxy
• Magnetohydrodynamical simulations of a tidal disruption in general relativity
• A 200-s Quasi-Periodicity Following the Tidal Disruption of a Star by a Dormant Black Hole
• Discovery and Early Evolution of ASASSN-19bt, the First TDE Detected by TESS
• Swift J1644+57: A White Dwarf Tidally Disrupted by a 10^4 M_{odot} Black Hole?
• The Prospects of Observing Tidal Disruption Events with the LSST
• Formation of Magnetically Truncated Accretion Disks in 3D Radiation-Transport Two-Temperature GRMHD Simulations
• Simulating realistic disc formation in tidal disruption events
• Efficiency of Thin Magnetically-Arrested Disks Around Black Holes
• A Multiwavelength Study of the Relativistic Tidal Disruption Candidate Sw J2058+05 at Late Times
• Tidal disruption events in active galactic nuclei
• Variability in tidal disruption events: gravitationally unstable streams
• GRRMHD Simulations of Tidal Disruption Event Accretion Disks around Supermassive Black Holes: Jet Formation, Spectra, and Detectability
• The fine line between total and partial tidal disruption events
• Flux eruption events drive angular momentum transport in magnetically arrested accretion flows
• On the Diversity of Fallback Rates from Tidal Disruption Events with Accurate Stellar Structure
• Radio observations of the tidal disruption event XMMSL1 J0740$-$85
• Tidal disruptions of main sequence stars -- II. Simulation methodology and stellar mass dependence of the character of full tidal disruptions
• Jets from Tidal Disruptions of Stars by Black Holes
• Tidal Disruption Disks Formed and Fed by Stream-Stream and Stream-Disk Interactions in Global GRHD Simulations
• Cooling Envelope Model for Tidal Disruption Events
• Long-term X-ray variability of Swift J1644+57
• The Rise and Fall of ASASSN-18pg: Following a TDE from Early To Late Times
• On the structure of tidally-disrupted stellar debris streams
• The Tidal Disruption Event AT2021ehb: Evidence of Relativistic Disk Reflection, and Rapid Evolution of the Disk-Corona System
• Tidal Disruption and Magnetic Flux Capture: Powering a Jet from a Quiescent Black Hole
• First light from tidal disruption events
• Thawing the frozen-in approximation: implications for self-gravity in deeply plunging tidal disruption events
• An Energy Inventory of Tidal Disruption Events
• GRRMHD Simulations of MAD Accretion Disks Declining from Super-Eddington to Sub-Eddington Accretion Rates
• Swift J1644+57 as an off-axis Jet
• Slim accretion disks around black holes
• Relativistic tidal compressions of a star by a massive black hole
• Global Simulations of Tidal Disruption Event Disk Formation via Stream Injection in GRRMHD
• Disc formation from tidal disruption of stars on eccentric orbits by Kerr black holes using GRSPH
• Jets from SANE Super-Eddington Accretion Disks: Morphology, Spectra, and Their Potential as Targets for ngEHT

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Radiation-magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Accretion Flow Formation After a Tidal Disruption Event
• Wind-mediated Eddington-limited emission in a $10^4{M}_{\odot }$ Black Hole Tidal Disruption Event
• Dynamics of magnetoviscous warped discs around compact objects