On the Comparison of AGN with GRMHD Simulations: I. Sgr A*

Abstract

We present models of Galactic Center emission in the vicinity of Sagittarius A* that use parametrizations of the electron temperature or energy density. These models include those inspired by two-temperature general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations as well as jet-motivated prescriptions generalizing equipartition of particle and magnetic energies. From these models, we calculate spectra and images and classify them according to their distinct observational features. Some models produce morphological and spectral features, e.g., image sizes, the sub-mm bump and low frequency spectral slope compatible with observations. Models with spectra consistent with observations produce the most compact images, with the most prominent, asymmetric photon rings. Limb brightened outflows are also visible in many models. Of all the models we consider, that which represents the current data the best is one in which electrons are relativistically hot when magnetic pressure is larger than the thermal pressure, but cold (i.e., negligibly contributing to the emission) otherwise. This work is part of a series also applying the "observing" simulations methodology to near-horizon regions of supermassive black holes in M87 and 3C 279.

16 pages, 14 figures

References in corpus (11)

• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
• Event-horizon-scale structure in the supermassive black hole candidate at the Galactic Centre
• An Update on Monitoring Stellar Orbits in the Galactic Center
• The Submillimeter Bump in Sgr A* from Relativistic MHD Simulations
• Simulating the Emission and Outflows from Accretion Disks
• Observational appearance of inefficient accretion flows and jets in 3D GRMHD simulations: Application to Sgr~A*
• The Disc-Jet Symbiosis Emerges: Modeling the Emission of Sagittarius A* with Electron Thermodynamics
• The Power of Imaging: Constraining the Plasma Properties of GRMHD Simulations using EHT Observations of Sgr A*
• Plasma diagnostic potential of 2p4f in N${}^{+}$ -- accurate wavelengths and oscillator strengths
• Radio and Millimeter Monitoring of Sgr A*: Spectrum, Variability, and Constraints on the G2 Encounter
• The Size, Shape, and Scattering of Sagittarius A* at 86 GHz: First VLBI with ALMA

Cited by in corpus (19)

• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Testing Astrophysical Models of the Galactic Center Black Hole
• Ab Initio Horizon-Scale Simulations of Magnetically Arrested Accretion in Sagittarius A* Fed by Stellar Winds
• Sgr A* near-infrared flares from reconnection events in a magnetically arrested disc
• Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign
• Precessing jet nozzle connecting to a spinning black hole in M87
• Comparison of the ion-to-electron temperature ratio prescription: GRMHD simulations with electron thermodynamics
• General relativistic MHD simulations of non-thermal flaring in Sagittarius A*
• Spectral and Imaging properties of Sgr A* from High-Resolution 3D GRMHD Simulations with Radiative Cooling
• GRMHD Simulations and Modeling for Jet Formation and Acceleration Region in AGNs
• Microphysical Plasma Relations from Special-relativistic Turbulence
• Temperature properties in magnetised and radiatively cooled two-temperature accretion flows onto a black hole
• Positron Effects on Polarized Images and Spectra from Jet and Accretion Flow Models of M87* and Sgr A*
• Probing spacetime and accretion model for the Galactic Center: Comparison of Kerr and dilaton black hole shadows
• Relative depolarization of the black hole photon ring in GRMHD models of Sgr A* and M87*
• Polarization images of accretion flow around supermassive black holes: imprints of toroidal field structure
• Magnetic field structure in the vicinity of a super-massive black hole in low luminosity galaxies: the case of Sgr A*
• Deep learning inference with the Event Horizon Telescope II. The Zingularity framework for Bayesian artificial neural networks
• New Evidence for a Flux-independent Spectral Index of Sgr A* in the Near-infrared
• PATOKA: Simulating Electromagnetic Observables of Black Hole Accretion