Atomic Structure of Graphene on SiO2

Abstract

We employ scanning probe microscopy to reveal atomic structures and nanoscale morphology of graphene-based electronic devices (i.e. a graphene sheet supported by an insulating silicon dioxide substrate) for the first time. Atomic resolution STM images reveal the presence of a strong spatially dependent perturbation, which breaks the hexagonal lattice symmetry of the graphitic lattice. Structural corrugations of the graphene sheet partially conform to the underlying silicon oxide substrate. These effects are obscured or modified on graphene devices processed with normal lithographic methods, as they are covered with a layer of photoresist residue. We enable our experiments by a novel cleaning process to produce atomically-clean graphene sheets.

13 pages, 4 figures

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• Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
• Two Dimensional Atomic Crystals
• Strong suppression of weak (anti)localization in graphene

Cited by in corpus (301)

• The electronic properties of graphene
• Ultrahigh electron mobility in suspended graphene
• Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics
• Single-Layer MoS2 Phototransistors
• Electronic transport in two dimensional graphene
• Giant Intrinsic Carrier Mobilities in Graphene and Its Bilayer
• Intrinsic and Extrinsic Performance Limits of Graphene Devices on SiO2
• Impermeable Atomic Membranes from Graphene Sheets
• Production, properties and potential of graphene
• Observation of Electron-Hole Puddles in Graphene Using a Scanning Single Electron Transistor
• Charged Impurity Scattering in Graphene
• STM Spectroscopy of ultra-flat graphene on hexagonal boron nitride
• A self-consistent theory for graphene transport
• Temperature dependent transport in suspended graphene
• Elastic properties of freely suspended MoS2 nanosheets
• Optical Separation of Mechanical Strain from Charge Doping in Graphene
• Realization of a High Mobility Dual-gated Graphene Field Effect Transistor with Al2O3 Dielectric
• Performance of Monolayer Graphene Nanomechanical Resonators with Electrical Readout
• Intrinsic Response of Graphene Vapor Sensors
• Tailoring the atomic structure of graphene nanoribbons by STM lithography
• Graphene Oxidation: Thickness Dependent Etching and Strong Chemical Doping
• Atmospheric Oxygen Binding and Hole Doping in Deformed Graphene on a SiO2 Substrate
• Origin of Spatial Charge Inhomogeneity in Graphene
• Macroscopic graphene membranes and their extraordinary stiffness
• Band-structure topologies of graphene: spin-orbit coupling effects from first principles
• Defect scattering in graphene
• Current-induced cleaning of graphene
• Crystallographic Etching of Few-Layer Graphene
• Reversible Basal Plane Hydrogenation of Graphene
• Electron scattering on microscopic corrugations in graphene
• Mechanical Isolation of Highly Stable Antimonene under Ambient Conditions
• Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Graphene on Graphite
• Atomically Thin Boron Nitride: Unique Properties and Applications
• Weak localisation in graphene flakes
• Giant Phonon-induced Conductance in Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Gate-tunable Graphene
• Graphene on a hydrophobic substrate: Doping reduction and hysteresis suppression under ambient conditions
• Evidence of the role of contacts on the observed electron-hole asymmetry in graphene
• Elastic Bending Modulus of Monolayer Graphene
• Boron Nitride Substrates for High Mobility Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene
• A new transfer technique for high mobility graphene devices on commercially available hexagonal boron nitride
• Intrinsic and extrinsic corrugation of monolayer graphene deposited on SiO2
• Observation of Landau levels of Dirac fermions in graphite
• Midgap states and charge inhomogeneities in corrugated graphene
• Tuning the effective fine structure constant in graphene: opposing effects of dielectric screening on short- and long-range potential scattering
• Utilization of a Buffered Dielectric to Achieve High Field-Effect Carrier Mobility in Graphene Transistors
• Adhesion and electronic structure of graphene on hexagonal boron nitride substrates
• Graphene as an electronic membrane
• Four-terminal magneto-transport in graphene p-n junctions created by spatially selective doping
• On resonant scatterers as a factor limiting carrier mobility in graphene
• Electronic Doping and Scattering by Transition Metals on Graphene
• Electronic properties of graphene: a perspective from scanning tunneling microscopy and magneto-transport
• Terahertz and Infrared Spectroscopy of Gated Large-Area Graphene
• The recursive Green's function method for graphene
• Artificial gauge fields in materials and engineered systems
• Spatially resolved spectroscopy of monolayer graphene on SiO2
• Edge chirality determination of graphene by Raman spectroscopy
• Origin of New Broad Raman D and G Peaks in Annealed Graphene
• Laser-induced disassembly of a graphene single crystal into a nano-crystalline network
• DNA-decorated graphene chemical sensors
• Geometry, mechanics and electronics of singular structures and wrinkles in graphene
• Electrical transport properties of graphene on SiO2 with specific surface structures
• Solution-processed two-dimensional materials for next-generation photovoltaics
• Small-signal amplifier based on single-layer MoS2
• Raman Signature and Phonon Dispersion of Atomically Thin Boron Nitride
• Imaging the interface of epitaxial graphene with silicon carbide via scanning tunneling microscopy
• Mechanical cleaning of graphene
• Selective Chemical Modification of Graphene surfaces: Distinction between Single and Bilayer Graphene
• Water-Gated Charge Doping of Graphene Induced by Mica Substrates
• High Thermoelectric Power Factor in Graphene/hBN Devices
• Hall Effect Mobility of Epitaxial Graphene Grown on Silicon Carbide
• The environment of graphene probed by electrostatic force microscopy
• Mobility variations in mono- and multi-layer graphene films
• Voltage and temperature dependencies of conductivity in gated graphene
• Effects of Mismatch Strain and Substrate Surface Corrugation on Morphology of Supported Monolayer Graphene
• Structural and optical properties of single- and few-layer magnetic semiconductor CrPS4
• Disorder and Electronic Transport in Graphene
• The Effect of Cluster Formation on Graphene Mobility
• Interfacial adhesion between graphene and silicon dioxide by density functional theory with van der Waals corrections
• The Effect of Preparation Conditions on Raman and Photoluminescence of Monolayer WS2
• Probing charge scattering mechanisms in suspended graphene by varying its dielectric environment
• Evolution of Microscopic Localization in Graphene in a Magnetic Field from Scattering Resonances to Quantum Dots
• Annealing Free, Clean Graphene Transfer using Alternative Polymer Scaffolds
• Integrated complementary graphene inverter
• Self-biased Reconfigurable Graphene Stacks for Terahertz Plasmonics
• Electrostatic interactions between graphene layers and their environment
• Controlled Growth of a Line Defect in Graphene and Implications for Gate-Tunable Valley Filtering
• Morphology and flexibility of graphene and few-layer graphene on various substrates
• Formation and control of wrinkles in graphene by the wedging transfer method
• High-fidelity conformation of graphene to SiO2 topographic features
• Reliably Counting Atomic Planes of Few-Layer Graphene (n>4)
• Ultrasensitive Field-Effect Biosensors Enabled by the Unique Electronic Properties of Graphene
• Evidence for Strain-Induced Local Conductance Modulations in Single-Layer Graphene on SiO2
• Adhesion mechanics of graphene membranes
• Investigation of MoS2 and Graphene Nanosheets by Magnetic Force Microscopy
• Dirac Equation For Cold Atoms In Artificial Curved Spacetimes
• Electrostatic doping of graphene through ultrathin hexagonal boron nitride films
• Electronic Structures of Hybrid Graphene/Phosphorene Nanocomposite
• Phase-transitions in spin-crossover thin films probed by graphene transport measurements
• Scalable Production of Highly-Sensitive Nanosensors Based on Graphene Functionalized with a Designed G Protein-Coupled Receptor
• Midgap states in corrugated graphene: Ab-initio calculations and effective field theory
• Spectro-microscopy of single and multi-layer graphene supported by a weakly interacting substrate
• Mechanical properties of freely suspended atomically thin dielectric layers of mica
• UV/Ozone treatment to reduce metal-graphene contact resistance
• Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study and Nanomanipulation of Graphene-Coated Water on Mica
• Diffusive Charge Transport in Graphene on SiO2
• Interaction between graphene and SiO2 surface
• Bistability and oscillatory motion of natural nano-membranes appearing within monolayer graphene on silicon dioxide
• Substrate-regulated morphology of graphene
• Quantized Landau level spectrum and its density dependence
• Systematic Investigation of the Intrinsic Channel Properties and Contact Resistance of Monolayer and Multilayer Graphene FET
• Intrinsic bending flexoelectric constants in two-dimensional materials
• Formation of atomic nanoclusters on graphene sheets
• Enhancing the response of NH3 graphene-sensors by using devices with different graphene-substrate distances
• Theory of charged impurity scattering in two dimensional graphene
• Structure of twisted and buckled bilayer graphene
• Electron density distribution and screening in rippled graphene sheets
• Charged impurity scattering in bilayer graphene
• Dislocations and torsion in graphene and related systems
• Theory of Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Magnetic Adatoms in Graphene
• Electron-induced rippling in graphene
• Excitonic recombinations in hBN: from bulk to exfoliated layers
• Scattering mechanisms and Boltzmann transport in graphene
• Graphene on Ru(0001): A corrugated and chiral structure
• Electronic Hybridization of Large-Area Stacked Graphene Films
• Gauge fields, ripples and wrinkles in graphene layers
• Dislocations in graphene
• Rippling of Graphene
• Gap opening in graphene by simple periodic inhomogeneous strain
• sp-Electron Magnetic Clusters with a Large Spin in Graphene
• MoS2: a Choice Substrate for Accessing and Tuning the Electronic Properties of Graphene
• Proximity coupling in superconductor-graphene heterostructures
• On-Stack Two-Dimensional Conversion of MoS2 into MoO3
• Graphene Induced Surface Reconstruction of Cu
• Charge-density depinning at metal contacts of graphene field-effect transistors
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• Pinning of a two-dimensional membrane on top of a patterned substrate: the case of graphene
• Contact Resistance Study of Various Metal Electrodes with CVD Graphene
• Boron Nitride Nanosheets as Improved and Reusable Substrates for Gold Nanoparticles Enabled Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
• Exponentially selective molecular sieving through angstrom pores
• Graphene adhesion on mica: Role of surface morphology
• Strain engineered graphene using a nanostructured substrate: I Deformations
• Zero-energy states in corrugated bilayer graphene
• Dissipation in graphene and nanotube resonators
• Spin dephasing and pumping in graphene due to random spin-orbit interaction
• Band structures of bilayer graphene superlattices
• Molecule-Induced Conformational Change in Boron Nitride Nanosheets with Enhanced Surface Adsorption
• On the structure and topography of free-standing chemically modified graphene
• Neutral-current Hall effects in disordered graphene
• Transport spectroscopy of ultraclean tunable band gaps in bilayer graphene
• Mapping the Dirac point in gated bilayer graphene
• Ultra-Clean Freestanding Graphene by Platinum-Metal Catalysis
• Optical Probing of Electronic Interaction between Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Interlayer coupling enhancement in graphene/hexagonal boron nitride heterostructures by intercalated defects and vacancies
• Energy Flows in Graphene: Hot Carrier Dynamics and Cooling
• Characterization of nanometer-sized, mechanically exfoliated graphene on the H-passivated Si(100) surface using scanning tunnelling microscopy
• Strain engineering on graphene towards tunable and reversible hydrogenation
• Snap-through instability of graphene on substrates
• Rippled Graphene in an In-Plane Magnetic Field: Effects of a Random Vector Potential
• Spin-resolved Quantum Interference in Graphene
• Chemical Vapor Deposition-Assembled Graphene Field-Effect Transistor on Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Single layer MoS2 nanoribbon field effect transistor
• Determining Graphene Adhesion via Substrate-regulated Morphology of Graphene
• Making ARPES Measurements on Corrugated Monolayer Crystals: Suspended Exfoliated Single-Crystal Graphene
• Synergetic Behavior in 2D Layered Material/Complex Oxide Heterostructures
• Highly Sensitive MoS2 Photodetectors with Graphene Contacts
• Evanescent wave transport and shot noise in graphene: ballistic regime and effect of disorder
• Graphene on insulating crystalline substrates
• Imaging charge density fluctuations in graphene using Coulomb blockade spectroscopy
• Exchange induced charge inhomogeneities in rippled neutral graphene
• Uncovering the Dominant Scatterer in Graphene Sheets on SiO2
• Photo-oxidation of Graphene in the Presence of Water
• Lithium incorporation at the MoS2/graphene interface: an ab initio investigation
• Long wavelength local density of states oscillations near graphene step edges
• Curvature-induced spin-orbit coupling and spin relaxation in a chemically clean single-layer graphene
• Dynamic polarization of graphene by moving external charges: random phase approximation
• Doping of graphene adsorbed on the a-SiO${}_2$ surface
• Graphite Nanoeraser
• The topological Anderson insulator phase in the Kane-Mele model
• Mechanics of nanoscale wrinkling of graphene on a non-developable spherical surface
• Metallic and Insulating Adsorbates on Graphene
• Gauge fields in graphene with nonuniform elastic deformations: A quantum field theory approach
• Suppression of contact-induced spin dephasing in graphene/MgO/Co spin-valve devices by successive oxygen treatments
• Covalent functionalization of strained graphene
• Local and Global Screening Properties of Graphene Revealed through Landau Level Spectroscopy
• Interfacial interactions between local defects in amorphous SiO${}_2$ and supported graphene
• Linear Response and the Thomas-Fermi Approximation in Undoped Graphene
• Gauge fields and curvature in graphene
• Probing Electron Spin Resonance in Monolayer Graphene
• Graphene on Si(111)7x7
• Princess and the Pea at the nanoscale: Wrinkling and delamination of graphene on nanoparticles
• Strain engineered graphene using a nanostructured substrate: II Pseudo-magnetic fields
• Mobility enhancement in graphene by in situ reduction of random strain fluctuations
• Side-gated transport in FIB-fabricated multilayered graphene nanoribbons
• Piezoelectric surface acoustical phonon limited mobility of electrons in graphene on a GaAs substrate
• Interface-Confined Doubly Anisotropic Oxidation of Two-Dimensional MoS2
• Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy of Graphene on Insulating Substrates
• Thickness-dependent Kapitza resistance in multilayered graphene and other two-dimensional crystals
• Spatially resolved electronic inhomogeneities of graphene due to subsurface charges
• Random gauge field effects on the conductivity of graphene sheets with disordered ripples
• Local density of states and scanning tunneling currents in graphene
• Anisotropic intrinsic spin relaxation in graphene due to flexural distortions
• Odd integer quantum Hall effect in graphene
• A new shell formulation for graphene structures based on existing ab-initio data
• Optimization of graphene dry etching conditions via combined microscopic and spectroscopic analysis
• Entropic Effects of Thermal Rippling on van der Waals Interactions between Monolayer Graphene and a Rigid Substrate
• Interplay between bending and stretching in carbon nanoribbons
• Scanning Tunneling Microscopy currents on locally disordered graphene
• Elastic properties of graphene flakes: boundary effects and lattice vibrations
• Statistical proerties of the two-dimensional Feshbach-illars oscillator (FVO) in the rotating cosmic string
• Planar graphene-NbSe${}_2$ Josephson junctions in a parallel magnetic field
• Indirect band gap in graphene from modulation of the Fermi velocity
• Ballistic transport of graphene pnp junctions with embedded local gates
• Effect of impurities in high-symmetry lattice positions on the local density of states and conductivity of graphene
• Substrate effects on quasiparticles and excitons in graphene nanoflakes
• Effect of charged impurity correlation on transport in monolayer and bilayer graphene
• Optimizing electronic structure and quantum transport at the graphene-Si(111) interface: An ab-initio density-functional study
• Large contrast enhancement of graphene monolayers by angle detection
• Femtosecond laser patterning of graphene electrodes for thin-film transistors
• Optical conductivity of curved graphene
• Upscaling High-Quality CVD Graphene Devices to 100 Micron-Scale and Beyond
• Controlling the nanoscale rippling of graphene with SiO2 nanoparticles
• Tuneable molecular doping of corrugated graphene
• Effect of disorder on the ground-state properties of graphene
• Non-linear screening of external charge by doped graphene
• Density of states as a probe of electrostatic confinement in graphene
• Minimal conductivity of rippled graphene with topological disorder
• A Comparative Study of Substrates Disorder on Mobility in the Graphene Nanoribbon: Charged Impurity, Surface Optical Phonon, Surface Roughness
• Quasiparticle properties of graphene in the presence of disorder
• Carrier density modulation in graphene underneath Ni electrode
• Graphene morphology regulated by nanowires patterned in parallel on a substrate surface
• Intricate modulation of interlayer coupling at GO/MoSe2 interface: application in time-dependent optics and device transport
• Suspended graphene membranes to control Au nucleation and growth
• Preferential antiferromagnetic coupling of vacancies in graphene on SiO_2: Electron spin resonance and scanning tunneling spectroscopy
• Electric field-controlled rippling of graphene
• Anisotropic hybrid excitation modes in monolayer and double-layer phosphorene on polar substrates
• Linking interlayer twist angle to geometrical parameters of self-assembled folded graphene structures
• Atomically Resolved Observation of Continuous Interfaces between As-grown MoS2 Monolayer and WS2/MoS2 Heterobilayer on SiO2
• The optical properties of transferred graphene and the dielectrics grown on it obtained by ellipsometry
• Electronic transport properties of Ir-decorated graphene
• Effects of Tip-Nanotube Interactions on Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging of Carbon Nanotubes
• Transport Spectroscopy of Sublattice-Resolved Resonant Scattering in Hydrogen-Doped Bilayer Graphene
• Leveraging Electron-Phonon Interaction to Enhance Thermoelectric Power Factor in Graphene-Like Semimetals
• Raman Spectroscopy Study of Annealing-Induced Effects on Graphene Prepared by Micromechanical Exfoliation
• Voltage Scaling of Graphene Device on SrTiO3 Epitaxial Thin Film
• Varying Electronic Coupling at Graphene-Copper Interfaces Probed with Raman Spectroscopy
• Optical properties of dielectric plates coated with gapped graphene
• Inducing superconductivity in bilayer graphene by alleviation of the Stoner blockade
• Orbital symmetry fingerprints for magnetic adatoms in graphene
• Substrate-induced reduction of graphene thermal conductivity
• Out-of-plane corrugations in graphene based van der Waals heterostructures
• Dirac fermions in a power-law-correlated random vector potential
• Carrier type modulation in current annealed graphene layers
• Effects of the structure of charged impurities and dielectric environment on conductivity of graphene
• Avoidance and Coalescence of Delamination Patterns
• Abrupt changes in the graphene on Ge(001) system at the onset of surface melting
• Superconductivity in twisted multilayer graphene: a smoking gun in recent condensed matter physics
• Pentacene islands grown on ultra-thin SiO2
• Density functional theory based study of graphene and dielectric oxide interfaces
• Gate dependent Raman spectroscopy of graphene on hexagonal boron nitride
• Transport properties of rippled graphene
• Scale-invariant puddles in Graphene: Geometric properties of electron-hole distribution at the Dirac point
• Effect of long-range structural corrugations on magnetotransport properties of phosphorene in tilted magnetic field
• Optical conductivity of graphene in the presence of random lattice deformations
• A new phenomenon in graphene: The pseudospinorial Zitterbewegung
• First-principles study of multi-control graphene doping using light-switching molecules
• Direct comparison of graphene devices before and after transfer to different substrates
• Electronic Transport and Thermopower in 2D and 3D Heterostructures--A Theory Perspective
• Exploration of mechanical, thermal conductivity and electromechanical properties of graphene nanoribbon springs
• Spin Relaxation at Graphene Nanoribbons in the presence of Substrate Surface Roughness
• Quantum friction between oscillating crystal slabs: Graphene monolayers on dielectric substrates
• Magnetic Phases in Periodically Rippled Graphene
• Impact of Calcium on Transport Property of Graphene
• An In-situ Annealing effect of Graphene-Graphene Interlayer Conduction
• Relationship between conductance fluctuation and weak localization in graphene
• Carbon nanotubes with atomic impurities on boron nitride sheets under applied electric fields
• The morphology and interface structure of titanium on graphene
• Nanoscale Topographical Replication of Graphene Architecture by Artificial DNA nanostructures
• Is hexagonal boron nitride always good as a substrate for carbon nanotube-based devices?
• Spatial mapping of the Dirac point in monolayer and bilayer graphene
• Spin Transport in Armchair Silicene Nanoribbon on the Substrate: The Role of Charged Impurity
• Flexural phonons in supported graphene: from pinning to localization
• Drag of electrons in graphene by substrate surface polar phonons
• Potential fluctuations in graphene due to correlated charged impurities in substrate
• Observation of Wigner cusps in a metallic carbon nanotube
• Reduction of Interlayer Interaction in Multilayer Stacking Graphene with Carbon Nanotube Insertion: Insights from Experiment and Simulation
• Scattering strength of potassium on a carbon nanotube with known chirality
• Low-energy quantum scattering induced by graphene ripples
• Exfoliation and Optical Properties of S=1 Triangular Lattice Antiferromagnet NiGa${}_2$S${}_4$
• An ab initio investigation of Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ topological insulator deposited on amorphous SiO${}_2$
• Long-range Scanning Tunneling Microscope for the study of nanostructures on insulating substrates
• Medium Energy Ion Scattering of Gr on SiC(0001) and Si(100)
• Apparent rippling with honeycomb symmetry and tunable periodicity observed by scanning tunneling microscopy on suspended graphene
• Reflectance of graphene-coated dielectric plates in the framework of Dirac model: Joint action of energy gap and chemical potential
• Effective tunnel conductance and effective ac conductivity of randomly strained graphene
• Upper limit of spin relaxation in suspended graphene
• Morphology and magneto-transport in exfoliated graphene on ultrathin crystalline \b{eta}-Si3N4(0001)/Si(111)
• Van der Waals devices for surface-sensitive experiments
• H2 O incorporation in the phosphorene/a-SiO2 interface: A first-principles study
• Scaling properties of mono-layer graphene away from the Dirac point
• Nondiagonal Graphene Conductivity in the Presence of In-Plane Magnetic Fields
• Electronic states in a bilayer graphene quantum ripple