PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual

Abstract

The PYTHIA program can be used to generate high-energy-physics `events', i.e. sets of outgoing particles produced in the interactions between two incoming particles. The objective is to provide as accurate as possible a representation of event properties in a wide range of reactions, within and beyond the Standard Model, with emphasis on those where strong interactions play a role, directly or indirectly, and therefore multihadronic final states are produced. The physics is then not understood well enough to give an exact description; instead the program has to be based on a combination of analytical results and various QCD-based models. This physics input is summarized here, for areas such as hard subprocesses, initial- and final-state parton showers, underlying events and beam remnants, fragmentation and decays, and much more. Furthermore, extensive information is provided on all program elements: subroutines and functions, switches and parameters, and particle and process data. This should allow the user to tailor the generation task to the topics of interest.

576 pages, no figures, uses JHEP3.cls. The code and further information may be found on the PYTHIA web page: http://www.thep.lu.se/~torbjorn/Pythia.html Changes in version 2: Mistakenly deleted section heading for "Physics Processes" reinserted, affecting section numbering. Minor updates to take into account referee comments and new colour reconnection options

References in corpus (6)

• PYTHIA 6.3 Physics and Manual
• Les Houches Physics at TeV Colliders 2005, Standard Model and Higgs working group: Summary report
• Electromagnetic form factors of the baryon octet in the perturbative chiral quark model
• Les Houches Guidebook to Monte Carlo Generators for Hadron Collider Physics
• Les Houches "Physics at TeV Colliders 2005'' Beyond the Standard Model working group: summary report
• Precision Higgs Masses with FeynHiggs 2.2

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• Q-PYTHIA: a medium-modified implementation of final state radiation
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• Neutrinos from WIMP Annihilations Obtained Using a Full Three-Flavor Monte Carlo Approach
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• Simulation of multiple partonic interactions in Herwig++
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• A theory of jet shapes and cross sections: from hadrons to nuclei
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• Search for squarks and gluinos in events with jets and missing transverse energy using 2.1 fb-1 of ppbar collision data at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
• Heavy Quark Diffusion with Relativistic Langevin Dynamics in the Quark-Gluon Fluid
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• J/psi production at high transverse momentum in p+p and Cu+Cu collisions at \sNN=200GeV
• LHC Signals for Warped Electroweak Charged Gauge Bosons
• Low-Scale Technicolor at the Tevatron and LHC
• Antimatter Signatures of Gravitino Dark Matter Decay
• Weak Boson Emission in Hadron Collider Processes
• Cosmic rays from Leptonic Dark Matter
• Extending CKKW-merging to One-Loop Matrix Elements
• Gamma rays from the annihilation of singlet scalar dark matter
• Heavy Quarks Above the Top at the Tevatron
• Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis with Long-Lived Charged Slepton
• Parton showers with quantum interference: leading color, with spin
• Reconstructing Sparticle Mass Spectra using Hadronic Decays
• Parton showers from the dipole formalism
• A Positive-Weight Next-to-Leading-Order Monte Carlo for Z Pair Hadroproduction
• Collider Phenomenology of Gauge-Higgs Unification Scenarios in Warped Extra Dimensions
• Collider aspects of flavour physics at high Q
• PHANTOM: a Monte Carlo event generator for six parton final states at high energy colliders
• \sqrt{s}_min: a global inclusive variable for determining the mass scale of new physics in events with missing energy at hadron colliders
• LHC and ILC probes of hidden-sector gauge bosons
• Cosmic Rays from Leptophilic Dark Matter Decay via Kinetic Mixing
• Search for Long-Lived Massive Charged Particles in 1.96 TeV $\bar{p}p}$ Collisions
• Testing the Majorana Nature of Gluinos and Neutralinos
• The Landscape of Sparticle Mass Hierarchies and Their Signature Space at the LHC
• High-energy Cosmic-Ray Positrons from Hidden-Gauge-Boson Dark Matter
• Catfish: A Monte Carlo simulator for black holes at the LHC
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• Light Stop Searches at the LHC in Events with One Hard Photon or Jet and Missing Energy
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• Signals of New Physics in the Underlying Event
• Interactions of Coloured Heavy Stable Particles in Matter
• Can Astrophysical Gamma Ray Sources Mimic Dark Matter Annihilation in Galactic Satellites?
• Phenomenology of the nMSSM from colliders to cosmology
• Sparticle Spectra and LHC Signatures for Large Volume String Compactifications
• Landau-Yang Theorem and Decays of a Z' Boson into Two Z Bosons
• The Invisible Z' at the LHC
• Gravitino Dark Matter Scenarios with Massive Metastable Charged Sparticles at the LHC
• Gravitino Dark Matter and the Cosmic Lithium Abundances
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• Quantifying the performance of jet definitions for kinematic reconstruction at the LHC
• Phenomenology of Dark Matter annihilation into a long-lived intermediate state
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• Top-antitop and Top-top Resonances in the Dilepton Channel at the CERN LHC
• Novel reconstruction technique for New Physics processes with initial state radiation
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• Transverse Radial Flow Effects on Two- and Three-Particle Angular Correlations
• High p_T Top Quarks at the Large Hadron Collider
• Searching for t-bar t Resonances at the Large Hadron Collider
• Merging parton showers and matrix elements -- back to basics
• Cluster properties from two-particle angular correlations in p+p collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 and 410 GeV
• Discovering the Higgs with Low Mass Muon Pairs
• Angular correlations in multi-jet final states from kt-dependent parton showers
• Event Generation from Effective Field Theory
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• Search for Large extra spatial dimensions in the dielectron and diphoton channels in $\mathbf{p}\bar{\mathbf{p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt{\mathbf{s}}=$1.96 TeV
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• The PAMELA excess from neutralino annihilation in the NMSSM
• Galactic Signatures of Decaying Dark Matter
• Drell-Yan production at the LHC in a four site Higgsless model
• Probing Minimal Flavor Violation at the LHC
• Unparticle Self-Interactions and Their Collider Implications
• Recent results on unintegrated parton distributions
• Status and Prospects of Top-Quark Physics
• Identifying Multi-Top Events from Gluino Decay at the LHC
• Quantum Gravity Effects in Black Holes at the LHC
• Non-universal gaugino and scalar masses, hadronically quiet trileptons and the Large Hadron Collider
• Pionic transparency in semi-exclusive electroproduction off nuclei
• Right-chiral sneutrinos and long-lived staus: event characteristics at the Large Hadron Collider
• Probing RS scenarios of flavour at LHC via leptonic channels
• Unitarity Constraints on Semi-hard Jet Production in Impact Parameter Space
• Deeply inelastic pions in the exclusive reaction $p(e,e^{\prime }{\pi }^{+})n$ above the resonance region
• A T-odd observable sensitive to CP violating phases in squark decay
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• Light Higgs boson discovery from fermion mixing
• (medium-modified) Fragmentation Functions
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• Multiple Parton Interactions in Hadron Collisions and Diffraction
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• Signatures of gaugino mass non-universality in cascade Higgs production at the LHC
• Soft gluons in Higgs plus two jet production
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• Diffuse gamma-ray background and cosmic-ray positrons from annihilating dark matter
• Cosmic Ray Positrons from Annihilations into a New, Heavy Lepton
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• Early SUSY discovery at LHC via sparticle cascade decays to same-sign and multimuon states
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• Gravitino Dark Matter and the Flavour Structure of R-violating Operators
• Non-universal scalar masses: a signal-based analysis for the Large Hadron Collider
• Deep exclusive electroproduction of ${\pi }^{+}$ at HERMES
• Recent high-pt results from STAR
• New angles on top quark decay to a charged Higgs
• Right sneutrinos and the signals of a stable stop at the Large Hadron Collider
• On the universality of hadronisation corrections to QCD jets
• Four Taus at the Tevatron
• Distinguishing spins in decay chains with photons at the Large Hadron Collider
• Leptogenic Supersymmetry
• Examining the Identity of Yukawa with Gauge Couplings in Supersymmetric QCD at LHC
• Proposal for Higgs and Superpartner Searches at the LHCb Experiment
• SUSY Predictions and SUSY Tools at the LHC
• Novel Higgs decay signals in R-parity violating models
• Testing a U(1) Solution to the Mu Problem
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• Anti-Hyperon polarization in high energy pp collisions with polarized beams
• Signature of Large Extra Dimensions from Z boson pair production at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Search for Top Squarks at Tevatron Inspired by Dark Matter and Electroweak Baryogenesis
• Model Discrimination at the LHC: a Case Study
• Search for Gauge Extensions of the MSSM at the LHC
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• A holographic model of hadronization
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• SANCnews: Sector 4f, Charged Current
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• Discovering SUSY with $m_0^2<0$ in the First LHC Physics Run
• Doubly Charged Higgsinos at Tevatron
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• Same-sign top pair production in an extra-dimension model of flavor at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
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• A Method for the Precision Mass Measurement of the Stop Quark at the International Linear Collider
• Tracking down the elusive charginos / neutralinos through $\tau$ leptons at the Large Hadron Collider
• Probing R-parity violating models of neutrino mass at the LHC via top squark decays
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• The three channels of the process f_1 bar-f_1 H A --> 0 in the SANC framework
• New signals of a R-parity violating model of neutrino mass at the Tevatron
• Gamma ray and Neutrino fluxes from a cosmological dark matter simulation
• Multiplicity Studies and Effective Energy in ALICE at the LHC
• Identification and Rejection of Fake Reconstructed Jets From a Fluctuating Heavy Ion Background in ATLAS
• Technicolor contribution to lepton + photon + missing energy events at the Tevatron
• Gaugephobic Higgs Signals at the LHC
• Inclusive and "exclusive" cross sections in the regime of multiple parton collisions
• A study on Matrix Element corrections in inclusive Z/ gamma* production at LHC as implemented in PYTHIA, HERWIG, ALPGEN and SHERPA
• Underlying Event Studies at RHIC
• New Flavor Interactions at the LHC
• Hard QCD at hadron colliders
• Monte Carlo study of gg->H+jets contribution to Vector Boson Fusion Higgs production at the LHC
• Discriminating Supersymmetry and Black Holes at the Large Hadron Collider
• Systematic study of the jet fragmentation function for inclusive jet-production in p+p collisions at sqrt{s}=200 GeV in STAR
• Comparison of Black Hole Generators for the LHC
• Supersymmetric Phenomenology in the mSUGRA Parameter Space
• QCD and spin effects in black hole airshowers
• Mass limits for heavy neutrinos
• Sfermion Interference in Neutralino Decays at the LHC
• Hadronic Event-Shape Variables at CMS
• Discovering a Nonstandard Higgs in a Standard Way
• QCD and Monte Carlo generators
• Antimatter and Gamma-rays from Dark Matter Annihilation
• Particle Phenomenology of Gravitational Events at the TeV Scale
• Structure of parton showers including quantum interference
• Background Modeling in New Physics Searches Using Forward Events at LHC
• W boson mass measurement at the Tevatron
• Q-PYTHIA - a Monte Carlo implementation for jet quenching
• String Effects on Fermi--Dirac Correlation Measurements
• String resonances at the Large Hadron Collider
• Parton shower Monte Carlos vs resummed calculations for interjet energy flow observables
• Markovian MC simulation of QCD evolution at NLO level with minimum k_T
• Small-x single-particle distributions in jets from the coherent branching formalism
• A Consistent Prescription for Combining Perturbative Calculations and Parton Showers in Case of Associated Z b anti-b Hadroproduction
• Measurement of the W mass with the ATLAS detector
• The HERA challenges for LHC
• PYBBWH: A program for associated charged Higgs and W boson production
• Sparticle masses from hadronic decays