Transverse Lambda production at the future Electron-Ion Collider

Abstract

We provide a comprehensive overview of transversely polarized $\Lambda$ production at the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). In particular, we study both spontaneous transverse $\Lambda$ polarization as well as the transverse spin transfer within the Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) factorization region. To describe spontaneous $\Lambda$ polarization, we consider the contribution from the TMD Polarizing Fragmentation Function (TMD PFF). Similarly, we study the contribution of the transverse spin transfer originating from the transversity TMD Fragmentation Function (TMD FF). We provide projections for the statistical uncertainties in the corresponding spin observables at the future EIC. Using these statistical uncertainties, we characterize the role that the future EIC will play in constraining these distributions. We perform an impact study in the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering process for spontaneous $\Lambda$ polarization with a proton beam. We find that the projected experimental data leads to a significant decrease in the uncertainties for the $u$ and sea TMD PFFs. Furthermore, to access the impact of the EIC on the transversity TMD FF, we perform the first extraction of the transversity TMD FF from the recent COMPASS data. We compare the statistical uncertainties of the future EIC with the theoretical uncertainties from our extraction and find that the EIC could have a significant role in constraining this distribution. Finally, we also provide projections for both spontaneous $\Lambda$ polarization as well as the transverse spin transfer inside the jets in back-to-back electron-jet production at the EIC.

arXiv comment19 pages 15 figures

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• 50 Years of Quantum Chromodynamics
• The Nucleon Energy Correlators
• Several Topics on Transverse Momentum-Dependent Fragmentation Functions
• Transverse Momentum Distributions of Heavy Hadrons and Polarized Heavy Quarks
• Longitudinal and transverse spin transfer to $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda }$ hyperons in polarized $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV
• Precision three-dimensional imaging of nuclei using recoil-free jets
• Deep Exclusive Meson Production as a probe to the puzzle of $\Lambda$ hyperon polarization
• Global analysis of fragmentation functions to light neutral hadrons
• Polarized fragmenting jet functions in Inclusive and Exclusive Jet Production
• N${}^3$LL + $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s^2)$ predictions of lepton-jet azimuthal angular distribution in deep-inelastic scattering
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• Measurement of transverse $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda }$ hyperon polarization in $p$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV
• Transverse spin polarization as a novel probe of medium-induced transverse-momentum-broadening effect
• Measurement of transverse polarization of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda }$ hyperons inside jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV