Transverse Momentum Distributions of Heavy Hadrons and Polarized Heavy Quarks

Abstract

We initiate the study of transverse momentum-dependent (TMD) fragmentation functions for heavy quarks, demonstrate their factorization in terms of novel nonperturbative matrix elements in heavy-quark effective theory (HQET), and prove new TMD sum rules that arise from heavy-quark spin symmetry. We discuss the phenomenology of heavy-quark TMD FFs at $B$ factories and find that the Collins effect, in contrast to claims in the literature, is not parametrically suppressed by the heavy-quark mass. We further calculate all TMD parton distribution functions for the production of heavy quarks from polarized gluons within the nucleon and use our results to demonstrate the potential of the future EIC to resolve TMD heavy-quark fragmentation in semi-inclusive DIS, complementing the planned EIC program to use heavy quarks as probes of gluon distributions.

arXiv comment42 pages + references, 7 figures; v2: corrected matching for heavy-quark Boer-Mulders function, journal version

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• High-energy QCD dynamics from bottom flavor fragmentation at the Hi-Lumi LHC
• Drell-Yan Transverse-Momentum Spectra at N${}^3$LL${}^{\prime }$ and Approximate N${}^4$LL with SCETlib
• Transverse Momentum-Dependent Heavy-Quark Fragmentation at Next-to-Leading Order
• Polarized TMD fragmentation functions for $J/\psi$ production
• Polarized fragmenting jet functions in Inclusive and Exclusive Jet Production
• Polarized $J/\psi$ production in semi-inclusive DIS at large $Q^2$: Comparing quark fragmentation and photon-gluon fusion