Indirect Signs of the Peccei-Quinn Mechanism

Abstract

In the Standard Model, the renormalization of the QCD vacuum angle $\theta$ is extremely tiny, and small $\theta$ is technically natural. In the general Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT), however, $\Delta \theta$ is quadratically divergent, reflecting the fact that new sources of hadronic CP-violation typically produce $\mathcal{O}(1)$ threshold corrections to $\theta$. The observation of such CP-violating interactions would therefore be in tension with solutions to the strong CP problem in which $\theta =0$ is an ultraviolet boundary condition, pointing to the Peccei-Quinn mechanism as the explanation for why $\theta$ is small in the infrared. We study the quadratic divergences in $\theta$ arising from dimension-6 SMEFT operators and discuss the discovery prospects for these operators at electric dipole moment experiments, the LHC, and future proton-proton colliders.

arXiv comment27 pages, 3 figures. Comments welcome!

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