Limits on Vectorlike Leptons from Searches for Anomalous Production of Multi-Lepton Events

Abstract

We consider extensions of the Standard Model by vectorlike leptons and set limits on a new charged lepton, $e_4^{\pm }$, using the ATLAS search for anomalous production of multi-lepton events. It is assumed that only one Standard Model lepton, namely the muon, dominantly mixes with vectorlike leptons resulting in possible decays $e_4^{\pm }\to W^{\pm }{\nu }_{\mu }$, $e_4^{\pm }\to Z{\mu }^{\pm }$, and $e_4^{\pm }\to h{\mu }^{\pm }$. We derive generally applicable limits on the new lepton treating the branching ratios for these processes as free variables. We further interpret the general limits in two scenarios with $e_4^{\pm }$ originating predominantly from either the $SU(2)$ doublet or the $SU(2)$ singlet. The doublet case is more constrained as a result of larger production cross-section and extra production processes $e_4^{\pm }{\nu }_4$ and ${\nu }_4{\nu }_4$ in addition to $e_4^{+}{e}_4^{-}$, where ${\nu }_4$ is a new neutral state accompanying $e_4$. We find that some combinations of branching ratios are poorly constrained, whereas some are constrained up to masses of more than 500 GeV. In the doublet case, assuming BR$({\nu }_4\to W\mu )=1$, all masses below about 300 GeV are ruled out. Even if this condition is relaxed and additional decay modes, ${\nu }_4\to Z{\nu }_{\mu }$ and ${\nu }_4\to h{\nu }_{\mu }$, are allowed, below the Higgs threshold still almost all of the parameter space (of independent branching ratios) is ruled out. Nevertheless, even assuming the maximal production cross-section, which coincides with the doublet case, the new charged lepton can still be as light as the LEP-II limit allows. We discuss several possible improvements of current experimental analyses that would dramatically reduce the allowed parameter space, even with current data.

24 pages, 11 figures

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