Prospects of detecting dark matter through cosmic-ray antihelium with the antiproton constraints

Abstract

Cosmic-ray (CR) antihelium is an important observable for dark matter (DM) indirect searches due to extremely low secondary backgrounds towards low energies. In a given DM model, the predicted CR antihelium flux is expected to be strongly correlated with that of CR antiprotons. In this work, we use the AMS-02 $\bar{p}/p$ data to constrain the DM annihilation cross section, and the ALICE data on the ${}^3\overline{\text{He}}$ and $\overline{\text{T}}$ productions to determine the parameters in the coalescence model for anti-nucleus formation. The hadronic cross sections are estimated using Monte-Carlo event generators including $\text{EPOS-LHC}$ and $\text{DPMJET}$. Based on these constraints, we make predictions for the maximal antihelium flux for typical DM annihilation final states, and perform a detailed analysis on the uncertainties due to the DM density profiles and CR propagation models. We find that the results are highly insensitive to both of them, but still significantly depends on the hadronization models in event generators. The prospects of detecting antihelium for the AMS-02 experiment is discussed. We show that with very optimistic assumptions, CR ${}^3\overline{\text{He}}$ is within the reach of the AMS-02 experiment. The ${}^3\overline{\text{He}}$ events which can be detected by AMS-02 are likely to have kinetic energy $T\gtrsim 30$~GeV, which is consistent with the preliminary AMS-02 search results. The events which can be observed by AMS-02 are likely to arise dominantly from secondary backgrounds rather than DM interactions.

25 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Version to appear in JCAP

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Cited by in corpus (11)

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• Cosmic antihelium-3 nuclei sensitivity of the GAPS experiment
• Anti-Deuterons and Anti-Helium Nuclei from Annihilating Dark Matter
• Large-scale Simulations of Antihelium Production in Cosmic-ray Interactions
• Reevaluation of the cosmic antideuteron flux from cosmic-ray interactions and from exotic sources
• On nuclear coalescence in small interacting systems
• Production of light antinuclei in $pp$ collisions by dynamical coalescence and their fluxes in cosmic rays near earth
• Enhanced cosmic-ray antihelium production from dark matter annihilation through light mediators
• The high energy window of probing dark matter with cosmic-ray antideuterium and antihelium
• Antihelium-3 Sensitivity for the GRAMS Experiment