Observation of an anomalous positron abundance in the cosmic radiation

Abstract

Positrons are known to be produced in interactions between cosmic-ray nuclei and interstellar matter ("secondary production"). Positrons may, however, also be created by dark matter particle annihilations in the galactic halo or in the magnetospheres of near-by pulsars. The nature of dark matter is one of the most prominent open questions in science today. An observation of positrons from pulsars would open a new observation window on these sources. Here we present results from the PAMELA satellite experiment on the positron abundance in the cosmic radiation for the energy range 1.5 - 100 GeV. Our high energy data deviate significantly from predictions of secondary production models, and may constitute the first indirect evidence of dark matter particle annihilations, or the first observation of positron production from near-by pulsars. We also present evidence that solar activity significantly affects the abundance of positrons at low energies.

Submitted to Nature, 20 pages, 5 figures, 1 table

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• Proposition of FSR Photon Suppression Employing a Two-Positron Decay Dark Matter Model to Explain Positron Anomaly in Cosmic Rays
• Quadruple Beltrami field structures in electron-positron multi-ion plasma
• Reexamine the dark matter scenario accounting for the positron excess in a new cosmic ray propagation model
• NEUCAL, an innovative neutron detector for e/h discrimination: testbeam results
• Indirect searches for dark matter with the Fermi LAT instrument
• Propagation of Compressional Alfvén Waves in a Magnetized Pair Plasma Medium
• Dark Matter and Fundamental Physics Searches with IACTs
• Dark Matter detection via lepton cosmic rays
• Electron-Capture Isotopes could Constrain Cosmic-Ray Propagation Models
• Possible spectral irregularities in the AMS-02 positron spectrum
• Hadronic and radiative decays of the tau lepton
• A first study of Hidden Valley models at the LHC
• The high energy window of probing dark matter with cosmic-ray antideuterium and antihelium
• Phenomenology of the Hidden SU(2) Vector Dark Matter Model
• On a possible origin of the gamma-ray excess around the Galactic Center
• PAMELA's cosmic positron from decaying LSP in SO(10) SUSY GUT
• Theoretical indication of a possible asymmetry in gamma-radiation between Andromeda halo hemispheres due to Compton scattering on electrons from their hypothetical sources in the halo
• Probing the anomalous positron fraction origin with fully leptonic decaying gravitino dark matter candidates
• Antimatter spectra from a time-dependent modeling of supernova remnants
• Muon Excess in Cosmic Rays and at CDF: Signs for a Hidden Sector?
• The "Dark disk" model in the light of DAMPE experiment
• Twist-2 operators induced Dark Matter Interactions
• Assisted baryon number violation from $4k+2$ dimensions
• New estimate for the contribution of the Geminga pulsar to the positron excess
• Dark Matter Decay and Cosmic Rays
• Searches for Light Exotics at LHCb
• Cosmic-ray knee and flux of secondaries from interactions of cosmic rays with dark matter
• Antiproton Flux in Cosmic Ray Propagation Models with Anisotropic Diffusion
• Measurement of High Energy Gamma Rays from 200 MeV to 1 TeV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
• Dark Matter Experimental Overview
• Pulsars in a Bubble? Following Electron Diffusion in the Galaxy with TeV Gamma Rays
• Morphology of supernova remnants and their halos
• Nucleus-acoustic envelope solitons and their modulational instability in a degenerate quantum plasma system
• Some Aspects of New CDM Models and CDM Detection Methods
• Deciphering the Electron Spectral Hardening in AMS-02
• Analysis of programming tools in framework of dark matter physics and concept of new MC-generator
• Axion-like Particle Search with a Light-Shining-Through-Walls Setup at a $\gamma$-$\gamma$ Collider
• Investigating the emission signatures of pulsar halo candidate HESS J1813-126
• Analyzing Cosmic Ray Spectral Features: A Numerical Investigation
• Galactic Electron-Positron Annihilation Emission from X-Ray Binaries with Transient and Persistent Jets
• On the contribution of the bow shock pulsar wind nebula PSR J0437-4715 to the observed fluxes of GeV-TeV positrons and antiprotons
• Thermal Leptophilic Light Vector Dark Matter with Spinor Mediator and Muon (g-2) Anomaly
• Through the Heliospheric Lens: Directional Deflection of High-Energy Cosmic-Ray Electrons and Positrons
• Dark Matter Energy Deposition and Production from the Table-Top to the Cosmos
• Semi-analytical model of cosmic ray electron transport
• Research on electron and positron spectrum in the high-energy region based on the gluon condensation model
• A no-go theorem for the dark matter interpretation of the positron anomaly
• Precision measurement of the cosmic-ray electron and positron fluxes as a function of time and energy with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station