Dark Matter: A Primer

Abstract

Dark matter is one of the greatest unsolved mysteries in cosmology at the present time. About 80% of the universe's gravitating matter is non-luminous, and its nature and distribution are for the most part unknown. In this paper, we will outline the history, astrophysical evidence, candidates, and detection methods of dark matter, with the goal to give the reader an accessible but rigorous introduction to the puzzle of dark matter. This review targets advanced students and researchers new to the field of dark matter, and includes an extensive list of references for further study.

26 pages, 6 figures

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• A two measure model of dark energy and dark matter
• Existence of traversable wormholes in the spherical stellar systems
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• Renormalization group scale-setting in astrophysical systems
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• Primordial black holes and secondary gravitational waves from generalized power-law non-canonical inflation with quartic potential
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• On measuring the Galactic dark matter halo with hypervelocity stars
• Black hole in the Dekel-Zhao dark matter profile
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• Unified Dark Energy-Dark Matter model with Inverse Quintessence
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• Long live The NMSSM!
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• Quintessential Inflation, Unified Dark Energy and Dark Matter, and Higgs Mechanism
• Probing the Solar System for Dark Matter Using the Sagnac Effect
• Limits on Kaluza-Klein dark matter annihilation in the Sun from recent IceCube results
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• Baryogenesis: A small review of the big picture
• Analytical Stellar Models of Neutron Stars in Teleparallel Gravity
• Gravitational Collapse of Anisotropic Compact Stars in Modified $f(R)$ Gravity
• The viability of low-mass subhaloes as targets for gamma-ray dark matter searches
• Non-linear coupling in the dark sector as a running vacuum model
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