Cosmic Ray Origins: An Introduction

Abstract

Physicists have pondered the origin of cosmic rays for over a hundred years. However the last few years have seen an upsurge in the observation, progress in the theory and a genuine increase in the importance attached to the topic due to its intimate connection to the indirect detection of evidence for dark matter. The intent of this talk is to set the stage for the meeting by reviewing some of the basic features of the entire cosmic ray spectrum from GeV to ZeV energy and some of the models that have been developed. The connection will also be made to recent developments in understanding general astrophysical particle acceleration in pulsar wind nebulae, relativistic jets and gamma ray bursts. The prospects for future discoveries, which may elucidate the origin of cosmic rays, are bright.

14 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the "Cosmic Ray Origin - Beyond the Standard Models" International Conference, Nuclear Physics B Proceedings Supplement. Eds. O. Tibolla, L. Drury, M. Persic, S. Kaufmann, H. Völk, K. Mannheim and A. de Angelis

References in corpus (47)

• Observation of an anomalous positron abundance in the cosmic radiation
• Observation of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos in Three Years of IceCube Data
• A Population of Fast Radio Bursts at Cosmological Distances
• General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Magnetically Choked Accretion Flows around Black Holes
• Time-dependent force-free pulsar magnetospheres: axisymmetric and oblique rotators
• Detection of the Characteristic Pion-Decay Signature in Supernova Remnants
• The international pulsar timing array project: using pulsars as a gravitational wave detector
• Relativistic Reconnection: an Efficient Source of Non-Thermal Particles
• Measurement of separate cosmic-ray electron and positron spectra with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• The Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays
• Particle acceleration in relativistic collisionless shocks: Fermi process at last?
• Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10^18 eV
• Simulations of Ion Acceleration at Non-relativistic Shocks. I. Acceleration Efficiency
• Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Magnetized Collisionless Electron-Ion Shocks
• MAGIC discovery of VHE Emission from the FSRQ PKS 1222+21
• Gamma-ray flares from the Crab Nebula
• Discovery of Powerful Gamma-Ray Flares from the Crab Nebula
• Primary particle acceleration above 100 TeV in the shell-type Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946 with deep H.E.S.S. observations
• The surprising Crab pulsar and its nebula: A review
• Neutral pion emission from accelerated protons in the supernova remnant W44
• Search for dark matter and large extra dimensions in monojet events in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
• Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Crab Nebula
• Search for dark matter candidates and large extra dimensions in events with a jet and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector
• Detection of Pulsed Gamma Rays Above 100 GeV from the Crab Pulsar
• H.E.S.S. observations of the supernova remnant RX J0852.0-4622: shell-type morphology and spectrum of a widely extended VHE gamma-ray source
• HESS Observations and VLT Spectroscopy of PG 1553+113
• Cosmological Shocks in Adaptive Mesh Refinement Simulations and the Acceleration of Cosmic Rays
• When A Standard Candle Flickers
• A uniform metal distribution in the intergalactic medium of the Perseus cluster of galaxies
• Pulsar Wind Nebulae as Cosmic Pevatrons: A Current Sheet's Tale
• Diffusive shock acceleration and magnetic field amplification
• Ankle-like Feature in the Energy Spectrum of Light Elements of Cosmic Rays Observed with KASCADE-Grande
• Three-dimensional relativistic pair plasma reconnection with radiative feedback in the Crab Nebula
• Cluster Accretion Shocks as Possible Acceleration Sites for Ultra High Energy Protons below the Greisen Cutoff
• Imaging the Supermassive Black Hole Shadow and Jet Base of M87 with the Event Horizon Telescope
• Azimuthally Resolved X-Ray Spectroscopy to the Edge of the Perseus Cluster
• Phase-resolved energy spectra of the Crab Pulsar in the range of 50-400 GeV measured with the MAGIC Telescopes
• Evidence For Particle Acceleration to the Knee of the Cosmic Ray Spectrum in Tycho's Supernova Remnant
• Origin of Cosmic Rays
• Microphysics of cosmic ray driven plasma instabilities
• Optical Polarimetry of the Inner Crab Nebula and Pulsar
• Constraining the location of rapid gamma-ray flares in the FSRQ 3C 273
• Indirect Detection of Dark Matter with gamma rays
• Origin of very high and ultra high energy cosmic rays
• Cosmic rays from active galactic nuclei
• The next generation Cherenkov Telescope Array observatory: CTA
• Measurements of cosmic rays at the highest energies with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Cited by in corpus (27)

• Frontiers in Nuclear Astrophysics
• Nonthermally Dominated Electron Acceleration during Magnetic Reconnection in a Low-beta Plasma
• Cosmic ray production in supernovae
• Ultrahard spectra of PeV neutrinos from supernovae in compact star clusters
• Magnetoluminescence
• Kinetic study of radiation-reaction-limited particle acceleration during the relaxation of unstable force-free equilibria
• The future of gamma-ray astronomy
• Freely decaying turbulence in force-free electrodynamics
• The imprint of pulsar parameters on the morphology of Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Bottom-up Acceleration of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays in the Jets of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Modelling Jets, Tori and Flares in Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Particle energization in relativistic plasma turbulence: solenoidal versus compressive driving
• Kinetic simulations of the lowest-order unstable mode of relativistic magnetostatic equilibria
• Spontaneous decay of periodic magnetostatic equilibria
• Supernovae in compact star clusters as sources of high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos
• Ion-acoustic Shocks with Self-Regulated Ion Reflection and Acceleration
• Cosmic ray $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ spectrum excess and peak feature observed by the DAMPE experiment from dark matter
• Recent results in nuclear astrophysics
• Ion-acoustic shocks with reflected ions: modeling and PIC simulations
• The Effects of Cosmic Rays on the Chemistry of Dense Cores
• Neutrinos from blazars
• High-energy cosmic rays from compact galactic star clusters: particle fluxes and anisotropy
• X-ray polarization: A view deep inside cosmic ray driven turbulence and particle acceleration in supernova remnants
• Cosmic Ray Confinement and Transport Models for Probing their Putative Sources
• The Future of Black Hole Astrophysics in the LIGO-VIRGO-LPF Era
• Newly-Discovered Anomalies in Galactic Cosmic Rays: Time for Exotic Scenarios?
• Unveiling the Magnetic Structure of VHE SNRs/PWNe with XIPE, the X-ray Imaging-Polarimetry Satellite