Unveiling Hidden Physics at the LHC

Abstract

The field of particle physics is at the crossroads. The discovery of a Higgs-like boson completed the Standard Model (SM), but the lacking observation of convincing resonances Beyond the SM (BSM) offers no guidance for the future of particle physics. On the other hand, the motivation for New Physics has not diminished and is, in fact, reinforced by several striking anomalous results in many experiments. Here we summarise the status of the most significant anomalies, including the most recent results for the flavour anomalies, the multi-lepton anomalies at the LHC, the Higgs-like excess at around 96 GeV, and anomalies in neutrino physics, astrophysics, cosmology, and cosmic rays. While the LHC promises up to 4/ab of integrated luminosity and far-reaching physics programmes to unveil BSM physics, we consider the possibility that the latter could be tested with present data, but that systemic shortcomings of the experiments and their search strategies may preclude their discovery for several reasons, including: final states consisting in soft particles only, associated production processes, QCD-like final states, close-by SM resonances, and SUSY scenarios where no missing energy is produced. New search strategies could help to unveil the hidden BSM signatures, devised by making use of the CERN open data as a new testing ground. We discuss the CERN open data with its policies, challenges, and potential usefulness for the community. We showcase the example of the CMS collaboration, which is the only collaboration regularly releasing some of its data. We find it important to stress that individuals using public data for their own research does not imply competition with experimental efforts, but rather provides unique opportunities to give guidance for further BSM searches by the collaborations. Wide access to open data is paramount to fully exploit the LHCs potential.

Whitepaper including input from the workshop "Unveiling Hidden Physics Beyond the Standard Model at the LHC" (1-3 March 2021, online), 70 pages plus references, 17 figures, 7 tables

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• Review of Semileptonic $B$ Anomalies
• Explanation of the 95 GeV $\gamma \gamma$ and $b\bar{b}$ excesses in the Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model
• Science Case for the new High-Intensity Muon Beams HIMB at PSI
• Light Scalars at FASER
• Width effects of broad new resonances in loop observables and application to $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$
• Marriage between neutrino mass and flavor anomalies
• Consistency and Interpretation of the LHC (Di-)Di-Jet Excesses
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• Anatomy of the Real Higgs Triplet Model
• Neutral Exotica at FASER$\nu$ and SND@LHC
• Connecting multi-lepton anomalies at the LHC and in Astrophysics with MeerKAT/SKA
• Probing the muon (g-2) anomaly at the LHC in final states with two muons and two taus
• Bayesian Active Search on Parameter Space: a 95 GeV Spin-0 Resonance in the ($B-L$)SSM
• Vector-like quark doublets, weak-basis invariants and CP violation
• LHC Signatures of the Generic Georgi-Machacek Model
• PREFACE: A search for long-lived particles at the Large Hadron Collider
• Addressing the $R_{\tau /\mu ,e}\left(D^{(\ast )}\right)$ puzzle through New Physics four-fermion operators and their impact on ${\Lambda }_b\to {\Lambda }_c\tau {\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }$ decay
• Branching fraction measurement of the $\Lambda \to p{\mu }^{-}{\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }$ decay
• Exploiting exotic LHC datasets for long-lived new particle searches
• Trials Factor for Semi-Supervised NN Classifiers in Searches for Narrow Resonances at the LHC
• The Angular Observables of ${\Lambda }_b\to {\Lambda }_c(\to {\Lambda }^0{\pi }^{+}){\tau }^{-}(\to {\pi }^{-}{\nu }_{\tau }){\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }$ within the Paradigm of FCCC Anomalies
• Feasibility of the observation of a heavy scalar through the fully hadronic final state at the LHeC
• Multi-Lepton Probes of the Drell-Yan Production of Triplet Higgses