Dark Matter Self-interactions and Small Scale Structure

Abstract

We review theories of dark matter (DM) beyond the collisionless paradigm, known as self-interacting dark matter (SIDM), and their observable implications for astrophysical structure in the Universe. Self-interactions are motivated, in part, due to the potential to explain long-standing (and more recent) small scale structure observations that are in tension with collisionless cold DM (CDM) predictions. Simple particle physics models for SIDM can provide a universal explanation for these observations across a wide range of mass scales spanning dwarf galaxies, low and high surface brightness spiral galaxies, and clusters of galaxies. At the same time, SIDM leaves intact the success of $\Lambda$CDM cosmology on large scales. This report covers the following topics: (1) small scale structure issues, including the core-cusp problem, the diversity problem for rotation curves, the missing satellites problem, and the too-big-to-fail problem, as well as recent progress in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation; (2) N-body simulations for SIDM, including implications for density profiles, halo shapes, substructure, and the interplay between baryons and self-interactions; (3) semi-analytic Jeans-based methods that provide a complementary approach for connecting particle models with observations; (4) merging systems, such as cluster mergers (e.g., the Bullet Cluster) and minor infalls, along with recent simulation results for mergers; (5) particle physics models, including light mediator models and composite DM models; and (6) complementary probes for SIDM, including indirect and direct detection experiments, particle collider searches, and cosmological observations. We provide a summary and critical look for all current constraints on DM self-interactions and an outline for future directions.

Invited review for Physics Reports. v2: Minor changes and references added

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• Viscosity in cosmic fluids
• Cosmological Constraints on Dark Scalar
• Tidal evolution of cored and cuspy dark matter halos
• Effective theories for a nonrelativistic field in an expanding universe: Induced self-interaction, pressure, sound speed, and viscosity
• Self-interacting dark matter interpretation of Crater II
• The nature of core formation in dark matter haloes: adiabatic or impulsive?
• Indirect Detection of Composite (Asymmetric) Dark Matter
• Systematizing the Effective Theory of Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Leak-in Dark Matter
• Constraining Self-Interacting Dark Matter with Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies and High-resolution Cosmological $N$-body Simulations
• Density spikes near black holes in self-interacting dark matter halos and indirect detection constraints
• The WIMP Paradigm: Theme and Variations
• A multi-temperature universe can allow a sub-MeV dark photon dark matter
• Escalating core formation with dark matter self-heating
• From dwarf galaxies to galaxy clusters: Self-Interacting Dark Matter over 7 orders of magnitude in halo mass
• Freeze-in Dark Matter from Secret Neutrino Interactions
• Detecting low-mass haloes with strong gravitational lensing II: constraints on the density profiles of two detected subhaloes
• Introducing the AIDA-TNG project: galaxy formation in alternative dark matter models
• The effect of dark matter-dark radiation interactions on halo abundance -- a Press-Schechter approach
• $J$-factors for self-interacting dark matter in 20 dwarf spheroidal galaxies
• The cusp-core problem in gas-poor dwarf spheroidal galaxies
• A multi-component SIMP model with $U(1{)}_X\to Z_2\times Z_3$
• Gravothermal collapse of Self-Interacting Dark Matter halos as the Origin of Intermediate Mass Black Holes in Milky Way satellites
• Primordial Black Hole Formation during a Strongly Coupled Crossover
• A Global Analysis of Resonance-enhanced Light Scalar Dark Matter
• Indirect searches for dark matter bound state formation and level transitions
• Dark Stars Powered by Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Numerical Challenges in Modeling Gravothermal Collapse in Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos
• Unraveling the interplay between SIDM and baryons in MW halos: defining where baryons dictate heat transfer
• Impact of dark matter self-scattering on its relic abundance
• Astrophysical probes of inelastic dark matter with a light mediator
• Dark matter from a complex scalar singlet: The role of dark CP and other discrete symmetries
• CP-violating Dark Photon Interaction
• Constraining axion and compact dark matter with interstellar medium heating
• Remnants of Galactic subhalos and their impact on indirect dark matter searches
• Local Group star formation in warm and self-interacting dark matter cosmologies
• Optomechanical dark matter instrument for direct detection
• Matter Power Spectrum of Light Freeze-in Dark Matter: With or without Self-Interaction
• The role of baryons in self-interacting dark matter mergers
• Real and counterfeit cores: how feedback expands halos and disrupts tracers of inner gravitational potential in dwarf galaxies
• Asymmetric self-interacting dark matter with a canonical seesaw model
• Numerical challenges for energy conservation in N-body simulations of collapsing self-interacting dark matter halos
• Core formation from self-heating dark matter
• Dynamical friction in Bose-Einstein condensed self-interacting dark matter at finite temperatures, and the Fornax dwarf spheroidal
• Wake forces in a background of quadratically coupled mediators
• Gravothermal collapse and the diversity of galactic rotation curves
• EDGE: Dark matter core creation depends on the timing of star formation
• Boosted Self-Interacting Dark Matter and XENON1T Excess
• A new mechanism of sterile neutrino dark matter production
• Entanglement entropy in FRW backgrounds
• Dynamical friction from self-interacting dark matter
• Generating ultra compact boson stars with modified scalar potentials
• Long-Lived Light Mediators from Higgs boson Decay at HL-LHC, FCC-hh and a Proposal of Dedicated LLP Detectors for FCC-hh
• Reproductive Freeze-In of Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Dynamics of Stellar Disk Tilting from Satellite Mergers
• Gravitational misalignment mechanism of Dark Matter production
• Generalized Logarithmic Equation of State in Classical and Loop Quantum Cosmology Dark Energy-Dark Matter Coupled Systems
• The Milky Way, Coming into Focus: Precision Astrometry Probes its Evolution, and its Dark Matter
• Strongly Interacting Neutrino Portal Dark Matter
• Strong-coupling dynamics and entanglement in de Sitter space
• Dark Matter from a Vector Field in the Fundamental Representation of $SU(2{)}_L$
• Statistical challenges in the search for dark matter
• Fundamental oscillation modes of scalar bosonic dark stars
• Theoretical bounds on dark matter masses
• Asymmetric dark matter with a spontaneously broken $U(1{)}^{\prime }$: self-interaction and gravitational waves
• Viscous Self Interacting Dark Matter Cosmology For Small Redshift
• Enhanced Early Galaxy Formation in JWST from Axion Dark Matter?
• COZMIC. I. Cosmological Zoom-in Simulations with Initial Conditions Beyond Cold Dark Matter
• A Helioscope for Gravitationally Bound Millicharged Particles
• Discriminating power of milli-lensing observations for dark matter models
• The Escape Velocity Profile of the Milky Way from Gaia DR3
• Dark showers from Z-dark Z' mixing
• Constraining self-interacting dark matter with the full dataset of PandaX-II
• Structure Formation Paradigm and Axion Quark Nugget dark matter model
• Testing the parametric model for self-interacting dark matter using matched halos in cosmological simulations
• Multicomponent dark matter in noncommutative $B-L$ gauge theory
• Analysis on the black hole formations inside old neutron stars by isospin-violating dark matter with self-interaction
• Strange Quark Stars and Condensate Dark Stars in Bumblebee Gravity
• X-Ray Shapes of Elliptical Galaxies and Implications for Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Dark Stars and Gravitational Waves: Topical Review
• Analytical approach to core-halo structure of fuzzy dark matter
• Dark sector unifications: dark matter-phantom energy, dark matter -- constant $w$ dark energy, dark matter-dark energy-dark matter
• X-ray morphology of cluster-mass haloes in self-interacting dark matter
• Asymmetric Self-interacting Dark Matter via Dirac Leptogenesis
• Signatures of dark and baryonic structures on weakly lensed gravitational waves
• Fully relativistic treatment of decaying cold dark matter in $N$-body simulations
• The impact of Self-Interacting Dark Matter on the Intrinsic Alignments of Galaxies
• Fitting a Self-Interacting Dark Matter Model to Data Ranging From Satellite Galaxies to Galaxy Clusters
• Enhanced n-body annihilation of dark matter and its indirect signatures
• An Asymmetric SIMP Dark Matter Model
• A Solar System Test of Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Boltzmann hierarchies for self-interacting warm dark matter scenarios
• Optimal baseline exploitation in vertical dark-matter detectors based on atom interferometry
• The limits of cosmology: role of the Moon
• Perturbative Unitarity of Strongly Interacting Massive Particle Models
• Mitigating Foreground Bias to the CMB Lensing Power Spectrum for a CMB-HD Survey
• Gauge Kinetic Mixing and Dark Topological Defects
• Probing Stochastic Ultralight Dark Matter with Space-based Gravitational-Wave Interferometers
• Probing self-interacting sterile neutrino dark matter with the diffuse supernova neutrino background
• Probing sub-galactic mass structure with the power spectrum of surface-brightness anomalies in high-resolution observations of galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lenses. I. Power-spectrum measurement and feasibility study
• Scalar Co-SIMP Dark Matter: Models and Sensitivities
• Unified Origin of Dark Matter Self-Interactions and Low Scale Leptogenesis
• Unification for the Darkly Charged Dark Matter
• SIDM Concerto: Compilation and Data Release of Self-interacting Dark Matter Zoom-in Simulations
• Cosmological phase transitions, gravitational waves and self-interacting dark matter in the singlet extension of MSSM
• Freeze-in, glaciation, and UV sensitivity from light mediators
• Scaling relations for dark matter core density and radius from Chandra X-ray cluster sample
• Sloshing of Galaxy Cluster Core Plasma in the Presence of Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Exploring Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos with Diverse Baryonic Distributions: A Parametric Approach
• ULDM self-interactions, tidal effects and tunnelling out of satellite galaxies
• Terrestrial Probes of Electromagnetically Interacting Dark Radiation
• Numerical simulations of dark matter haloes produce polytropic central cores when reaching thermodynamic equilibrium
• Connecting between inflation and dark matter in models with gauged $Z_3$ symmetry
• If dark matter is fuzzy, the first stars form in massive pancakes
• Constraints on dark matter self-interaction from galactic core size
• Simulations of galaxy cluster mergers with velocity-dependent, rare and frequent self-interactions
• Comparing Implementations of Self-Interacting Dark Matter in the Gizmo and Arepo Codes
• Gravitational Collapse of Baryonic and Dark matter
• Effective theory for self-interacting dark matter and massive spin-2 mediators
• SASHIMI-SIDM: Semi-analytical subhalo modelling for self-interacting dark matter at sub-galactic scales
• Stellar cooling limits on light scalar boson revisited
• Cutoff of IceCube Neutrino Spectrum due to t-channel Resonant Absorption by C$\nu$B
• Clock Transitions Versus Bragg Diffraction in Atom-interferometric Dark-matter Detection
• Prospects for Detecting Gaps in Globular Cluster Stellar Streams in External Galaxies with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
• $(g-2{)}_{e,\mu }$ and strongly interacting dark matter with collider implications
• Scope of strongly self-interacting thermal WIMPs in a minimal $U(1{)}_D$ extension and its future prospects
• An Extra-Dimensional Model of Dark Matter
• Dark matter self-interactions in the matter power spectrum
• Time-delayed neutrino emission from supernovae as a probe of dark matter-neutrino interactions
• Auriga Streams I: disrupting satellites surrounding Milky Way-mass haloes at multiple resolutions
• Milli-Magnetic Monopole Dark Matter and the Survival of Galactic Magnetic Fields
• Probing Bosonic Stars with Atomic Clocks
• Sub-GeV dark matter and nano-Hertz gravitational waves from a classically conformal dark sector
• The local dark matter distribution in self-interacting dark matter halos
• The Photon Spectrum of Asymmetric Dark Stars
• Evaluating Lyman-$\alpha$ Constraints for General Dark-Matter Velocity Distributions: Multiple Scales and Cautionary Tales
• Exploring dark sector parameters in light of neutron star temperatures
• Constraints on Self-Interacting dark matter from relaxed galaxy groups
• Intracluster light is a biased tracer of the dark matter distribution in clusters
• Gravothermal Catastrophe in Resonant Self-interacting Dark Matter Models
• Dark matter from non-relativistic embedding gravity
• Probing interacting dark sector models with future weak lensing-informed galaxy cluster abundance constraints from SPT-3G and CMB-S4
• Wobbly Dark Matter Signals at Cherenkov Telescopes from Long Lived Mediator Decays
• Testing self-interacting dark matter with galaxy warps
• Multi-Messenger and Cosmological Constraints on Dark Matter through Two-Fluid Neutron Star Modeling
• Bounds on sterile neutrino lifetime and mixing angle with active neutrinos by global 21 cm signal
• Self-Interacting Dark Matter from Gravitational Scattering
• Theoretical foundations of the reduced relativistic gas in the cosmological perturbed context
• Lectures on Physics Beyond the Standard Model
• Sub-MeV Self Interacting Dark Matter
• A determination of the LMC dark matter subhalo mass using the MW halo stars in its gravitational wake
• The Effect of Multiple Cooling Channels on the Formation of Dark Compact Objects
• Signatures of afterglows from light dark matter boosted by supernova neutrinos in current and future large underground detectors
• The two-real-singlet Dark Matter model
• Strange stars with a mirror-dark-matter core confronting with the observations of compact stars
• Cosmological singlet diagnostics of neutrinophilic dark matter
• Spectator dark matter in non-standard cosmologies
• Early formation of supermassive black holes from the collapse of strongly self-interacting dark matter
• Joint HST, VLT/MUSE and XMM-Newton observations to constrain the mass distribution of the two strong lensing galaxy clusters: MACS J0242.5-2132 & MACS J0949.8+1708
• Universal subhalo accretion in cold and warm dark matter cosmologies
• Effects of Galaxy Cluster Structure on Lensed Gravitational Waves
• Modified initial power spectrum and too big to fail problem
• Unitarity in the non-relativistic regime and implications for dark matter
• The central dark matter fraction of massive early-type galaxies
• Forays into the dark side of the swamp
• The dynamics of three nearby E0 galaxies in refracted gravity
• Impact of dark boson mediated feeble interaction between dark matter and hadronic matter on $f$-mode oscillation of neutron stars
• Prospects for Axion Dark Matter Searches at LISA-like Interferometers
• Late-time Background Constraints on Linear and Non-linear Interacting Dark Energy after DESI DR2
• "Non-Local" Effects from Boosted Dark Matter in Indirect Detection
• Models for Self-resonant Dark Matter
• Neutrino forces and the Sommerfeld enhancement
• The Realistic Scattering of Puffy Dark Matter
• Fluorescent rings in star-free dark matter haloes
• When quantum corrections alter the predictions of classical field theory for scalar field dark matter
• Science from an Ultra-Deep, High-Resolution Millimeter-Wave Survey
• Neutron Decay Anomaly and Its Effects on Neutron Star Properties
• Thermal Relic of Self-Interacting Dark Matter with Retarded Decay of Mediator
• Revealing Dark Matter's Role in Neutron Stars Anisotropy: A Bayesian Approach Using Multi-messenger Observations
• $G$ Objects and primordial black holes
• Viscous attenuation of gravitational waves propagating through an inhomogeneous background
• Kinematic signatures of impulsive supernova feedback in dwarf galaxies
• Entropy and Gravitation: From Black Hole Computers to Dark Energy and Dark Matter
• MaNGA DynPop -- VI. Matter density slopes from dynamical models of 6000 galaxies versus cosmological simulations: the interplay between baryonic and dark matter
• Thermal Regulation and the Star-Forming Main Sequence
• Strong Dark Matter Self-Interaction from a Stable Scalar Mediator
• Mysterious anomalies in Earth's atmosphere and strongly interacting Dark Matter
• Semi-annihilating dark matter coupled with Majorons
• Photometry and kinematics of dwarf galaxies from the Apertif HI survey
• Diverse dark matter profiles in FIRE dwarfs: black holes, cosmic rays and the cusp-core enigma
• Effects of dark boson mediated feeble interaction between dark matter (DM) and quark matter on $f$-mode oscillation of DM admixed quark stars
• Trial by FIRE: Probing the dark matter density profile of dwarf galaxies with GraphNPE
• Cold Darkogenesis: Dark Matter and Baryon Asymmetry in Light of the PTA Signal
• Dark Fluxes from Accreting Black Holes and Direct Detections
• Dark matter as a gravitational effect in the embedding theory approach
• Constraining primordial black holes in dark matter with kinematics of dwarf galaxies
• Limit on the dark matter mass from its interaction with photons
• Light curves of BSM-induced neutrino echoes in the optically-thin limit
• Self-Interacting Dark Matter in Cosmology: accurate numerical implementation and observational constraints
• Exploring millicharged dark matter components from the shadows
• Improved Constraints on Dark Matter Annihilations Around Primordial Black Holes
• White dwarf cooling via gravity portals
• Atomic Size Dark Matter Pearls, Electron Signal
• Dark Vector Mesons at LHC Forward Detector Searches
• Dark Energy in the DESI Era: A Brief Review of Evidence, Beyond-$\Lambda$CDM Interpretations, and Tensions
• Unification of the Standard Model and Dark Matter Sectors in [SU(5)$\times$U(1)]${}^4$
• Modelling self-interacting dark matter substructures I: Calibration with N-body simulations of a Milky-Way-sized halo and its satellite
• A MARVEL-ous study of how well galaxy shapes reflect Dark Matter halo shapes in Cold Dark Matter Simulations
• Quantum Theory of Dark Matter Scattering
• A Novel Scheme for Dark Matter Annihilation Feedback in Cosmological Simulations
• Testing the Collisionless Nature of Dark Matter with the Radial Acceleration Relation in Galaxy Clusters
• Dissociation of dark matter and gas in cosmic large-scale structure
• Co-Interacting Dark Matter
• Unexpected clustering pattern in dwarf galaxies challenges formation models
• Displaced Lepton Jet Signatures from Self-Interacting Dark Matter Bound States
• Probing Self-Interacting Dark Matter via Gravitational-Wave Background from Eccentric Supermassive Black Hole Mergers
• Phenomenology of a two-component dark matter model
• Inelastic dark matter, small scale problems, and the XENON1T excess
• Vector Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Relaxing Constraints on Dark Matter Annihilation Near the Supermassive Black Hole in M87
• Dark Kinetic Heating of Exoplanets and Brown Dwarfs
• Dequantization of electric charge: Probing scenarios of cosmological multi-component dark matter
• The imprint of dark matter on the Galactic acceleration field
• Composite Dark Matter and Neutrino Masses from a Light Hidden Sector
• A Stringent Upper Limit on Dark Matter Self-Interaction Cross Section from Cluster Strong Lensing
• COZMIC. III. Cosmological Zoom-in Simulations of Self-interacting Dark Matter with Suppressed Initial Conditions
• Dark Matter Substructure or Source Model Systematics? A Case Study of Cluster Lens Abell S1063
• Radial oscillations of boson stars made of ultralight repulsive dark matter
• Dark Matter Subhalos, Strong Lensing and Machine Learning
• Central densities of dark matter halos in FIRE-2 simulations of low-mass galaxies with cold dark matter and self-interacting dark matter
• Light dark matter in a minimal extension with two additional real singlets
• Interactions of electrical and magnetic charges and dark topological defects
• Sensitivity of the Global 21-cm Signal to Dark Matter-Baryon Scattering
• A strong broadband 21 cm cosmological signal from dark matter spin-flip interactions
• Effective Cross Section of Fuzzy Dark Matter Halos
• N-body simulations of dark matter-baryon interactions
• Warm and Cold Dark Matter in Bouncing Universe
• Late-Time Dark Matter Oscillations and the Core-Cusp Problem
• Realization of Sneutrino Self-interacting Dark Matter in the Focus Point Supersymmetry
• Interpreting the Extremely Diffuse Stellar Distribution of the Nube Galaxy through Fuzzy Dark Matter
• On Dark Matter Self-interaction via Single Neutrino Exchange Potential
• Diversifying halo structures in two-component self-interacting dark matter models via mass segregation
• The Impact of Dark Matter on Gravitational Wave Detection by Space-based Interferometers
• Collapse of spherical overdensities in superfluid models of dark matter
• Freeze-in self-interacting dark matter in warped extra dimension
• Superfluid dark stars
• Dark Matter Annihilation Feedback in Cosmological Simulations II: The Influence on Gas and Halo Structure
• Composite self-interacting dark matter and Higgs
• Acoustic modes of pulsating axion stars: Non-radial oscillations
• Lognormal semi-numerical simulations of the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest: comparison with full hydrodynamic simulations
• Signatures of Fuzzy Dark Matter Inside Radial Critical Curves
• Forecasting 21-cm power spectrum sensitivity to dark Matter-baryon scattering
• Self-resonant Dark Matter
• Freeze-in dark matter in EDGES 21-cm signal
• A Universal Analytic Model for Gravitational Lensing by Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos
• Comparing the motion of dark matter and standard model particles on cosmological scales
• Analytical analysis of the origin of core-cusp matter density distributions in galaxies
• Light and Feebly Interacting Non-Abelian Vector Dark Matter Produced Through Vector Misalignment
• Thermal evolution of dark matter and gravitational-wave production in the early universe from a symplectic glueball model
• Vortices in a generalized Maxwell-Higgs model with visible and hidden sectors
• A dense dark matter core of the subhalo in the strong lensing system JVAS B1938+666
• Collective Excitations of Self-Gravitating Bose-Einstein Condensates: Breathing Mode and Appearance of Anisotropy under Self-Gravity
• The Hydrogen Mixing Portal, Its Origins, and Its Cosmological Effects
• A graph model for the clustering of dark matter halos
• The cusp-halo relation
• Structure Formation with Warm White Noise: Effects of Finite Number Density and Velocity Dispersion in Particle and Wave Dark Matter
• Leptophobic dark photon interpretation of the ${\eta }^{\left(\prime \right)}\to {\pi }^0\left(\eta \right)\gamma \gamma$ puzzle
• Small-scale structure from charged leptophilia
• Dark mesons as self-interacting dark matter
• Constraining light fermionic dark matter with binary pulsars
• Neutrino masses and self-interacting dark matter with mass mixing $Z-Z^{\prime }$ gauge portal
• On Equation of State of Dark Matter around Massive Black Holes
• Simulating realistic self-interacting dark matter models including small and large-angle scattering
• On the Origin of the Variety of Velocity Dispersion Profiles of Galaxies
• Kinetic recoupling of dark matter
• Constraints on Long-Ranged Interactions Between Dark Matter and the Standard Model
• Inelastic Scattering of Dark Matter with Heavy Cosmic Rays
• Vector-fermion dark matter
• Refracting into Ultra Diffuse Galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 by Passing near the Center of NGC 1052
• Revisiting Puffy Dark Matter with Novel Insights: Partial Wave Analysis
• Core Collapse Beyond the Fluid Approximation: The Late Evolution of Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos
• From Large Telescopes to the MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST)
• Subhalos are Anisotropically Distributed and Aligned with the Smooth Matter Distribution of Their Host Halos
• The "Little Dark Dot": Evidence for Self-interacting Dark Matter in the Strong Lens SDSS J0946+1006?
• Detectability of dark matter density distribution via gravitational waves from binary black holes in the Galactic center
• MeV scale model of SIMP dark matter, neutrino mass and leptogenesis
• Dark plasmas in the nonlinear regime: constraints from particle-in-cell simulations
• Velocity-dependent self-interacting dark matter from thermal freeze-out and tests in direct detections
• Soft Scattering Evaporation of Dark Matter Subhalos by Inner Galactic Gases
• Tritium beta decay with modified neutrino dispersion relations: KATRIN in the dark sea
• Dark matter fluid constraints from galaxy rotation curves
• Investigating the collinear splitting effects of boosted dark matter at neutrino detectors
• The dual King relation
• Small Correlated Against Large Estimator (SCALE) for Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing
• Cosmology of Single Species Hidden Dark Matter
• The AIDA-TNG project: 3D halo shapes
• Distinguishing thermal histories of dark matter from structure formation
• Thermodynamic Origin of the Tully-Fisher Relation in Dark Matter Dominated Galaxies: A Theoretical-Empirical Derivation
• Confronting global 21-cm signal with ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ symmetric dark matter models
• Light Thermal Self-Interacting Dark Matter in the Shadow of Non-Standard Cosmology
• A Preference for Cold Dark Matter over Superfluid Dark Matter in Local Milky Way Data
• Co-interacting dark matter and conformally coupled light scalars
• Higgs Portal to Dark QED
• Gravitational SIMPs
• Segue 2 Recently Collided with the Cetus-Palca Stream: New Opportunities to Constrain Dark Matter in an Ultra-Faint Dwarf
• On Dark Matter As A Geometric Effect in the Galactic Halo
• Comparable Dark Matter and Baryon energy densities from Dark Grand Unification
• Construction of fuzzy dark matter halos with arbitrary initial velocities
• Scaling relations, dynamical heating and tidal disruption in spin $s$ ultralight dark matter models
• Detectability of Massive Boson Stars using Gravitational Waves from Fundamental Oscillations
• Core collapse in resonant self-interacting dark matter across two decades in halo mass
• Investigating sub-MeV dark matter annihilation to neutrinos using direct detection experiments
• Genesis of baryon and dark matter asymmetries through ultraviolet scattering freeze-in
• Anapole Dark Matter Interactions as Soft Hidden Photons
• A density-responsive scalar-field framework for singularity regularization and dynamical dark energy
• Self-Interacting Dark-Matter Spikes and the Final-Parsec Problem: Bayesian constraints from the NANOGrav 15-Year Gravitational-Wave Background
• New insights on low-mass dark matter subhalo tidal tracks via numerical simulations
• Dark-Matter-Deficient Galaxies from Collisions: A New Probe of Bursty Feedback and Dark Matter Physics
• Constraints on dark matter models from the stellar cores observed in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies: Self-interacting dark matter
• Modified Cosmology or Modified Galaxy Astrophysics is Driving the z>6 JWST Results? CMB Experiments can discover the Origin in the Near Future
• The Hubble Tension: Relativistic Dark Matter Production from Long-lived Particles
• Cosmological implications of electromagnetically interacting dark matter: milli-charged particles and atoms with singly and doubly charged dark matter
• GammaBayes: a Bayesian pipeline for dark matter detection with CTA
• Production and constraints for a massive dark photon at electron-positron colliders
• Ultraheavy Atomic Dark Matter Freeze-Out through Rearrangement
• How compact stars challenge our view about dark matter
• A Random Walk Model for Halo Triaxiality
• Neutron Stars as the Dark Matter detectors
• Strongly-interacting massive particle and dark photon in the era of intensity frontier
• Phase transitions, anomalous baryon number violation and electroweak multiplet dark matter
• Cross Section Calculations in Theories of Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• An Enhanced Isothermal Jeans Approach to Constraining Dark Matter Self-Interactions from Galactic Kinematics
• A Left-Right Mirror Symmetric Model: Common Origin of Neutrino Mass, Baryon Asymmetry and Dark Matter
• Super-resolution simulation of the Fuzzy Dark Matter cosmological model
• A Direct Detection Search for Hidden Sector New Particles in the 3-60 MeV Mass Range
• Time delay measurements with Broken Power Law model
• Black Hole Solutions in Dark Photon Models with Higher Order Corrections
• Constraining Merging Galaxy Clusters with X-ray and Lensing Simulations and Observations: The case of Abell 2146
• Electroweak interaction beyond the Standard Model and Dark Matter in the Tangent Bundle Quantum Field Theory
• The Multidimensional Milky Way
• Unequal-mass mergers of dark matter haloes with rare and frequent self-interactions
• Milky Way Mass Through Escape Velocity Curve from LAMOST K Giants
• Self-gravitating quantum stars with a globally relevant Bohm potential
• Self-Interacting Dark Matter with Mass Segregation: A Unified Explanation of Dwarf Cores and Small-Scale Lenses
• Cosmological simulations with rare and frequent dark matter self-interactions
• An Interpretable AI Framework to Disentangle Self-Interacting and Cold Dark Matter in Galaxy Clusters: The CKAN Approach
• VST-SMASH: VST Survey of Mass Assembly and Structural Hierarchy I. Survey presentation and deep photometry of IC 5332: tracing the mass assembly in the challenging faintest-end regime
• Postsphaleron darkogenesis
• Constraints on Kinetic Mixing of Dark Photons from Dilepton Spectra
• Thermodynamics of an universe with Decaying Cold Dark Matter
• Constraining the Nature of Dark Matter from Tidal Radii of Cluster Galaxy Subhalos
• Black Hole Cold Brew: Fermi Degeneracy Pressure
• Unified Origin of Dirac Neutrino and Asymmetric Dark Matter Masses via a Dirac-Type Leptogenesis
• A Relativistic Tensorial Model for Fractional Interaction between Dark Matter and Gravity
• How Many Bursts Does it Take to Form a Core at the Center of a Galaxy?
• Hyper Stealth Dark Matter and Long-Lived Particles
• Constraining Dark Matter Models with a Light Mediator from CDEX-10 Experiment at China Jinping Underground Laboratory
• Ball Lightning as a profound manifestation of the Dark Matter physics
• Radiation Exposure from the Dark
• Neutron Portal and Dark Matter-Baryon Coincidence: from UV Completion to Phenomenology
• Sterile neutrino portals to Majorana dark matter: effective operators and UV completions
• Merging Galaxy Clusters and the Search for New Physics of Dark Matter: A Review
• Producing and constraining self-interacting hidden sector dark matter
• The Glow of Axion Quark Nugget Dark Matter: (IV) CMB Spectral and Anisotropy Signatures
• Constraints on self-interaction cross-sections of dark matter in universal bound states from direct detection
• Stringent Constraints on Gravitational Wave Signatures of Dark Electromagnetism in Neutron Star Binaries
• Explaining lepton-flavor non-universality and self-interacting dark matter with $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$
• The effect of redshift degeneracy and the damping effect of viscous medium on the information extracted from gravitational wave signals
• Constraining the population of dark matter halo shapes using hierarchical inference with extragalactic stellar streams
• Multi-scalar signature of self-interacting dark matter in the NMSSM and beyond
• Singlet-Doublet Self-interacting Dark Matter and Radiative Neutrino Mass
• Structure Formation under Inelastic Two-Component Dark Matter: Halo Statistics and Matter Power Spectra in the High-$z$ Universe
• Strongly Interacting Dark Matter admixed Neutron Stars
• Constraints on energy scales from dark matter decay in a gauged $B-L$ model
• Testing Inflationary Cosmology
• Cosmic acceleration driven by dark matter self-interactions: a phenomenological treatment
• Towards a theory of dissipative Dark Matter I: the Born limit
• Some properties of doubly-degenerate stars
• Dark Matter Realism: How Referential Semantics Restricts Realism in Contemporary Fundamental Physics
• Scattering meets absorption in dark matter detection
• Gravity as embedding theory and the distribution of matter in galaxies
• Milky Way Satellite Census. IV. Constraints on Decaying Dark Matter from Observations of Milky Way Satellite Galaxies
• Broken Expectations: The Effects of Modelling Assumptions on the Inferred Dark Matter Distribution in the Milky Way's Satellites
• Calibrating the SIDM Gravothermal Catastrophe with N-body Simulations
• Structure Formation with Dark Magnetohydrodynamics
• Tidal adaptive softening and artificial fragmentation in cosmological simulations
• Vector Portal Pseudo-Goldstone Dark Matter
• Probing Dark Matter with Strong Gravitational Lensing through an Effective Density Slope
• Halo structure and lensing signatures of a polytropic dark matter fluid
• Problems of the correspondence principle for the recombination cross section in dark plasma
• The Dark Photon: a 2026 Perspective
• Boson dark matter halos with a dominant noncondensed component
• Universal Basic Mass Density inside Dark Matter Halos
• Dark Matter Energy Deposition and Production from the Table-Top to the Cosmos
• Cosmic structure formation in a flavoured U$\left(1\right)$ dark sector at small scales
• Effects of New Forces on Scalar Dark Matter Solitons
• Probing late-time annihilations of oscillating asymmetric dark matter via rotation curves of galaxies
• A New Method to Simulate Dark Matter-Baryon Interactions and Application to an Isolated Disk Galaxy