Comparing the motion of dark matter and standard model particles on cosmological scales

Abstract

Since dark matter particles have never been directly detected, we do not know how they move, and in particular we do not know how they fall inside gravitational potential wells. Usually it is assumed that dark matter only interacts gravitationally with itself and with particles of the standard model, and therefore that its motion is governed by Euler's equation. In this paper, we do test this assumption directly at cosmological scales, by combining measurements of galaxy velocities with measurements of gravitational potential wells, encoded in the Weyl potential. We find that current data are consistent with Euler's equation at redshifts $z\in [0.3,0.8]$, and we place constraints on the strength of a potential fifth force, which would alter the way dark matter particles fall. We find that a positive fifth force cannot exceed 7% of the gravitational interaction strength, while a negative fifth force is limited to 21%. The coming generation of surveys, including the Legacy Survey of Space and Time of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument will drastically improve the constraints, allowing to constrain a departure from pure gravitational interaction at the level of 2%.

16 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (29)

• First Dark Matter Search Results from the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment
• Measuring the dark side (with weak lensing)
• Distinguishing Modified Gravity from Dark Energy
• Search for $A^{\prime }\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays
• How to optimally parametrize deviations from General Relativity in the evolution of cosmological perturbations
• Final Results of the PICASSO Dark Matter Search Experiment
• Galilean Equivalence for Galactic Dark Matter
• 2MTF VI. Measuring the velocity power spectrum
• Indirect dark matter searches in Gamma- and Cosmic Rays
• Constraints on dark matter self-interaction from the internal density profiles of X-COP galaxy clusters
• Unveiling dark fifth forces with linear cosmology
• Understanding the suppression of structure formation from dark matter$\unicode{x2013}$dark energy momentum coupling
• Dark Radiation and interacting scenarios
• Dark sector searches with the CMS experiment
• Exploration at the high-energy frontier: ATLAS Run~2 searches investigating the exotic jungle beyond the Standard Model
• The quest to discover supersymmetry at the ATLAS experiment
• New MGCAMB tests of gravity with CosmoMC and Cobaya
• Unveiling dark forces with measurements of the Large Scale Structure of the Universe
• Rescuing constraints on modified gravity using gravitational redshift in large-scale structure
• Modified Einstein versus Modified Euler for Dark Matter
• Combining gravitational lensing and gravitational redshift to measure the anisotropic stress with future galaxy surveys
• Measuring the distortion of time with relativistic effects in large-scale structure
• Prospects on searches for baryonic Dark Matter produced in $b$-hadron decays at LHCb
• Fisher matrix for the one-loop galaxy power spectrum: measuring expansion and growth rates without assuming a cosmological model
• Testing the equivalence principle across the Universe: a model-independent approach with galaxy multi-tracing
• Disentangling modified gravity from a dark force with gravitational redshift
• Measurement of the Weyl potential evolution from the first three years of Dark Energy Survey data
• Testing General Relativity through the $E_G$ Statistic Using the Weyl Potential and Galaxy Velocities
• A model-independent measurement of the expansion and growth rates from BOSS using the FreePower method

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Addressing the $H_0$ tension through matter with pressure and no early dark energy