The Hubble Tension: Relativistic Dark Matter Production from Long-lived Particles

Abstract

The tension between direct measurements of the Hubble constant and those stemming from Cosmic Microwave Background probes has triggered a multitude of studies. The connection between cosmology and particle physics has shown to be a valuable approach to addressing the Hubble tension. In particular, increasing the number of relativistic degrees of freedom in the early universe helps alleviate the problem. In this work, we write down effective field theory describing relativistic dark matter production in association with neutrinos leading to a larger $H_0$. We derive limits on the effective energy scale that governs this relativistic production of dark matter as a function of the dark matter mass for fermion, vector, and scalar dark matter fields. In particular, scalar dark matter particles are more effective in increasing the effective number of relativistic species. Also, if they have weak scale masses, then the relativistic production of dark matter should be governed by Planck scale effective operators in order to alleviate the Hubble tension.

arXiv comment9 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (55)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• Efficient Computation of CMB anisotropies in closed FRW models
• A Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant with 1 km/s/Mpc Uncertainty from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team
• In the Realm of the Hubble tension $-$ a Review of Solutions
• Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics Beyond LambdaCDM
• Planck 2018 results. I. Overview and the cosmological legacy of Planck
• A gravitational-wave standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
• Tensions between the Early and the Late Universe
• H0LiCOW XIII. A 2.4% measurement of $H_0$ from lensed quasars: $5.3\sigma$ tension between early and late-Universe probes
• Planck 2018 results. V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods
• Dark Matter Self-interactions and Small Scale Structure
• Early Dark Energy Can Resolve The Hubble Tension
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: 2015
• Cosmic Distances Calibrated to 1% Precision with Gaia EDR3 Parallaxes and Hubble Space Telescope Photometry of 75 Milky Way Cepheids Confirm Tension with LambdaCDM
• Measurements of the Hubble Constant: Tensions in Perspective
• Cosmology from cosmic shear power spectra with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam first-year data
• New physics in light of the $H_0$ tension: an alternative view
• The $H_0$ Olympics: A fair ranking of proposed models
• On the Hubble constant tension in the SNe Ia Pantheon sample
• Light Dark Matter: Models and Constraints
• KiDS+VIKING-450: Cosmic shear tomography with optical+infrared data
• Measurements of the E-Mode Polarization and Temperature-E-Mode Correlation of the CMB from SPT-3G 2018 Data
• Prospects for resolving the Hubble constant tension with standard sirens
• The BAO+BBN take on the Hubble tension
• SuperWIMP Gravitino Dark Matter from Slepton and Sneutrino Decays
• BBN And The CMB Constrain Neutrino Coupled Light WIMPs
• Cosmological constraints in extended parameter space from the Planck 2018 Legacy release
• A statistical standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant from the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave compact object merger GW190814 and Dark Energy Survey galaxies
• Non-Thermal Dark Matter Mimicking An Additional Neutrino Species In The Early Universe
• The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: weighing the neutrino mass using the galaxy power spectrum of the CMASS sample
• Revealing the effects of curvature on the cosmological models
• $f(R)$ gravity in the Jordan Frame as a Paradigm for the Hubble Tension
• Linear cosmological constraints on 2-body decaying dark matter scenarios and the $S_8$ tension
• Health checkup test of the standard cosmological model in view of recent Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies experiments
• A Step in Understanding the $S_8$ Tension
• Metric $f(R)$ gravity with dynamical dark energy as a scenario for the Hubble tension
• The cosmological impact of future constraints on $H_0$ from gravitational-wave standard sirens
• Non-thermal WIMPs as "Dark Radiation" in Light of ATACAMA, SPT, WMAP9 and Planck
• Stepped Partially Acoustic Dark Matter, Large Scale Structure, and the Hubble Tension
• Exploring the Hubble tension with a late time Modified Gravity scenario
• The weak, the strong and the ugly -- A comparative analysis of interacting stepped dark radiation
• Light gravitino dark matter: LHC searches and Hubble tension
• Dark Matter from Late Invisible Decays to/of Gravitinos
• Kinetic Model for Dark Energy - Dark Matter Interaction: Scenario for the Hubble Tension
• Newest measurements of Hubble constant from DESI 2024 BAO observations
• Dark Sectors with Mass Thresholds Face Cosmological Datasets
• Modified gravity in the presence of matter creation: scenario for the late Universe
• Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distances with JWST. II. I-band Measurements in a Sample of Hosts of 10 SN Ia Match HST Cepheids
• Axion Dark Radiation: Hubble Tension and Hyper-kamiokande Neutrino Experiment
• The H0 trouble: Confronting Non-thermal Dark Matter and Phantom Cosmology with the CMB, BAO, and Type Ia Supernovae data
• The Hubble Rate Trouble: An Effective Field Theory of Dark Matter
• Updated Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Bounds on Long-lived Particles from Dark Sectors
• Reconciling Cosmological Tensions with Inelastic Dark Matter and Dark Radiation in a $\mathbf{U}(1{)}_{\mathbf{D}}$ Framework