Heating Neutron Stars with Inelastic Dark Matter and Relativistic Targets

Abstract

The dense environment of neutron stars makes them an excellent target for probing dark matter interactions with the Standard Model. We study neutron star heating from capture of inelastic dark matter, which can evade direct detection constraints. We investigate kinematics of the inelastic scattering process between quasirelativistic dark matter particles and ultrarelativistic targets in neutron stars, and derive analytical expressions for the maximal mass gap allowed for the scattering to occur. We implement them into a fully relativistic formalism for calculating the capture rate and apply it to various scenarios of inelastic dark matter. The projected constraints from neutron stars can systematically surpass those from terrestrial searches, including direct detection and collider experiments. Neutron stars can also be sensitive to the parameter space of inelastic self-interacting dark matter. Our results indicate that extreme astrophysical environments, such as neutron stars, are an important target for searching dark matter.

arXiv comment25 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (125)

• The James Webb Space Telescope
• Dark Matter Search Results from a One Tonne$\times$Year Exposure of XENON1T
• A Theory of Dark Matter
• Secluded WIMP Dark Matter
• Dark Matter Self-interactions and Small Scale Structure
• The Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) Project
• Inelastic Dark Matter
• Scalar Dark Matter candidates
• The Belle II Physics Book
• Search for a dark photon in e+e- collisions at BABAR
• Beyond Collisionless Dark Matter: Particle Physics Dynamics for Dark Matter Halo Structure
• Hidden Charged Dark Matter
• The WIMPless Miracle: Dark Matter Particles without Weak-scale Masses or Weak Interactions
• FASER: ForwArd Search ExpeRiment at the LHC
• Science with the Square Kilometer Array: Motivation, Key Science Projects, Standards and Assumptions
• WIMP Annihilation and Cooling of Neutron Stars
• Search for Invisible Decays of a Dark Photon Produced in e+e- Collisions at BaBar
• Compact Stars as Dark Matter Probes
• New Limits on Hidden Photons from Past Electron Beam Dumps
• Measurement of electron-neutrino electron elastic scattering
• Neutron Stars as Dark Matter Probes
• Can Neutron stars constrain Dark Matter?
• How the Self-Interacting Dark Matter Model Explains the Diverse Galactic Rotation Curves
• Strong Constraints on Sub-GeV Dark Matter from SLAC Beam Dump E137
• New Detectors to Explore the Lifetime Frontier
• Searching for Long-lived Particles: A Compact Detector for Exotics at LHCb
• Constraining Asymmetric Dark Matter through observations of compact stars
• Dark Matter Triggers of Supernovae
• Constraints on Scalar Asymmetric Dark Matter from Black Hole Formation in Neutron Stars
• Observing a light dark matter beam with neutrino experiments
• Dark Matter, Millicharges, Axion and Scalar Particles, Gauge Bosons, and Other New Physics with LDMX
• Forbidden Dark Matter
• Search for dark photons produced in 13 TeV $pp$ collisions
• Inelastic Dark Matter in Light of DAMA/LIBRA
• Dark Sectors at the Fermilab SeaQuest Experiment
• Dark Kinetic Heating of Neutron Stars and An Infrared Window On WIMPs, SIMPs, and Pure Higgsinos
• Excluding Light Asymmetric Bosonic Dark Matter
• Inclusive Dark Photon Search at LHCb
• Bosonic Dark Matter in Neutron Stars and its Effect on Gravitational Wave Signal
• Dark Matter Search in Nucleon, Pion, and Electron Channels from a Proton Beam Dump with MiniBooNE
• Search for pair and single production of vectorlike quarks in final states with at least one $Z$ boson decaying into a pair of electrons or muons in $pp$ collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
• Strong constraints on self-interacting dark matter with light mediators
• Realistic neutron star constraints on bosonic asymmetric dark matter
• Candidates for Inelastic Dark Matter
• Neutron stars at the dark matter direct detection frontier
• Inelastic Dark Matter at the LHC Lifetime Frontier: ATLAS, CMS, LHCb, CODEX-b, FASER, and MATHUSLA
• Capture of Inelastic Dark Matter in White Dwarves
• Dark Matter Thermalization in Neutron Stars
• Constraints on Bosonic Dark Matter From Observations of Old Neutron Stars
• Constraining Dissipative Dark Matter Self-Interactions
• Neutron stars exclude light dark baryons
• Dark Matter's secret liaisons: phenomenology of a dark U(1) sector with bound states
• Limit on the production of a low-mass vector boson in ${\mathrm{e}}^{+}{\mathrm{e}}^{-}\to \mathrm{U}\gamma$, $\mathrm{U}\to {\mathrm{e}}^{+}{\mathrm{e}}^{-}$ with the KLOE experiment
• Asymmetric Dark Stars and Neutron Star Stability
• On the capture of dark matter by neutron stars
• Reconciling the Diversity and Uniformity of Galactic Rotation Curves with Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Heating up Neutron Stars with Inelastic Dark Matter
• Improved Treatment of Dark Matter Capture in Neutron Stars
• New Analysis of Neutron Star Constraints on Asymmetric Dark Matter
• Testing Light Dark Matter Coannihilation With Fixed-Target Experiments
• Dark Matter Search in a Proton Beam Dump with MiniBooNE
• The High-Energy Frontier of the Intensity Frontier: Closing the Dark Photon, Inelastic Dark Matter, and Muon g-2 Windows
• Bounds on self-interacting fermion dark matter from observations of old neutron stars
• Capture of Leptophilic Dark Matter in Neutron Stars
• Nuclear structure aspects of spin-independent WIMP scattering off xenon
• Self-Scattering for Dark Matter with an Excited State
• White Dwarfs as Dark Matter Detectors
• Dark matter ignition of type Ia supernovae
• Exoplanets as Sub-GeV Dark Matter Detectors
• Warming Nuclear Pasta with Dark Matter: Kinetic and Annihilation Heating of Neutron Star Crusts
• Relativistic capture of dark matter by electrons in neutron stars
• Dark matter capture in celestial objects: light mediators, self-interactions, and complementarity with direct detection
• Messenger sneutrinos as cold dark matter
• Dark matter interactions with muons in neutron stars
• Observing the thermalization of dark matter in neutron stars
• Dark Kinetic Heating of Neutron Stars from Contact Interactions with Relativistic Targets
• Dark matter capture in celestial objects: Improved treatment of multiple scattering and updated constraints from white dwarfs
• Searching for Confining Hidden Valleys at the LHC(b)
• Nucleon Structure and Strong Interactions in Dark Matter Capture in Neutron Stars
• Celestial-Body Focused Dark Matter Annihilation Throughout the Galaxy
• The Inelastic Frontier: Discovering Dark Matter at High Recoil Energy
• Observable signatures of dark photons from supernovae
• Improved Treatment of Dark Matter Capture in Neutron Stars II: Leptonic Targets
• Impact of Resonance on Thermal Targets for Invisible Dark Photon Searches
• Supernovae Sparked By Dark Matter in White Dwarfs
• Last Electroweak WIMP Standing: Pseudo-Dirac Higgsino Status and Compact Stars as Future Probes
• Dark Matter Heating vs. Rotochemical Heating in Old Neutron Stars
• Constraining Dark Matter Models with a Light Mediator from PandaX-II Experiment
• Leptonic New Force and Cosmic-ray Boosted Dark Matter for the XENON1T Excess
• Electric But Not Eclectic: Thermal Relic Dark Matter for the XENON1T Excess
• Type Ia supernovae from dark matter core collapse
• Self-interacting inelastic dark matter: A viable solution to the small scale structure problems
• Dark Matter, Destroyer of Worlds: Neutrino, Thermal, and Existential Signatures from Black Holes in the Sun and Earth
• Self-interacting Dark Matter Without Direct Detection Constraints
• Improved Treatment of Dark Matter Capture in White Dwarfs
• Reheating neutron stars with the annihilation of self-interacting dark matter
• Bounds on Long-lived Dark Matter Mediators from Neutron Stars
• Unified equations of state for cold non-accreting neutron stars with Brussels-Montreal functionals. I. Role of symmetry energy
• Scattering searches for dark matter in subhalos: neutron stars, cosmic rays, and old rocks
• Signatures of Self-Interacting Dark Matter in the Matter Power Spectrum and the CMB
• Signatures of Pseudo-Dirac Dark Matter at High-Intensity Neutrino Experiments
• Detecting Dark Matter with Neutron Star Spectroscopy
• Tidal Love Numbers of Novel and Admixed Celestial Objects
• Smoke and mirrors: Neutron star internal heating constraints on mirror matter
• The Structure of Dissipative Dark Matter Halos
• Neutrinos from captured dark matter annihilation in a galactic population of neutron stars
• Celestial Objects as Strongly-Interacting Non-Annihilating Dark Matter Detectors
• Constraining decaying dark matter with neutron stars
• Neutron star observations of pseudoscalar-mediated dark matter
• Capture of Electroweak Multiplet Dark Matter in Neutron Stars
• Pulsar science with the CHIME telescope
• Self-interacting Inelastic Dark Matter in the light of XENON1T excess
• Constraining Dark Matter properties with the first generation of stars
• Endothermic self-interacting dark matter in Milky Way-like dark matter haloes
• Light dark matter scattering in outer neutron star crusts
• Constraints on Dark Matter from the Moon
• Multicomponent multiscatter capture of Dark Matter
• Indirect searches for dark matter bound state formation and level transitions
• Astrophysical probes of inelastic dark matter with a light mediator
• Constraining self-interacting dark matter with the full dataset of PandaX-II
• New Thermal Relic Targets for Inelastic Vector-Portal Dark Matter
• Detection of Inelastic Dark Matter via Electron Recoils in SENSEI
• Analytic Approximations for the Velocity Suppression of Dark Matter Capture
• Light Dark Matter Accumulating in Planets: Nuclear Scattering
• Neutron Star Heating in Dark Matter Models for Muon g-2 with Scalar Lepton Partners up to the TeV Scale

Cited by in corpus (15)

• Bosonic Dark Matter in Light of the NICER Precise Mass-Radius Measurements
• Exploring the distribution and impact of bosonic dark matter in neutron stars
• Thermalization and Annihilation of Dark Matter in Neutron Stars
• Beyond Hawking evaporation of black holes formed by dark matter in compact stars
• Optimal Celestial Bodies for Dark Matter Detection
• Probing Dark Sectors with Neutron Stars
• Multi-Messenger and Cosmological Constraints on Dark Matter through Two-Fluid Neutron Star Modeling
• Troubles mounting for multipolar dark matter
• Relaxing Constraints on Dark Matter Annihilation Near the Supermassive Black Hole in M87
• Cosmic-Ray Cooling in Active Galactic Nuclei as a New Probe of Inelastic Dark Matter
• Probing Superheavy Dark Matter with Exoplanets
• Seeking the nearest neutron stars using a new local electron density map
• Effects of Dark Matter on the Spontaneous Scalarization in Neutron Stars
• Multi-Component Dark Matter from Minimal Flavor Violation
• Dark, deep, deconfining: Phase transitions in neutron stars as powerful probes of hidden sectors