Dark Matter's secret liaisons: phenomenology of a dark U(1) sector with bound states

Abstract

Dark matter (DM) charged under a dark U(1) force appears in many extensions of the Standard Model, and has been invoked to explain anomalies in cosmic-ray data, as well as a self-interacting DM candidate. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive phenomenological analysis of such a model, assuming that the DM abundance arises from the thermal freeze-out of the dark interactions. We include, for the first time, bound-state effects both in the DM production and in the indirect detection signals, and quantify their importance for Fermi, AMS, and CMB experiments. We find that DM in the mass range 1 GeV to 100 TeV, annihilating into dark photons of MeV to GeV mass, is in conflict with observations. Instead, DM annihilation into heavier dark photons is viable. We point out that the late decays of multi-GeV dark photons can produce significant entropy and thus dilute the DM density. This can lower considerably the dark coupling needed to obtain the DM abundance, and in turn relax the existing constraints.

v3: updated results, published version, 36 pages

References in corpus (43)

• A Theory of Dark Matter
• Results from a search for dark matter in the complete LUX exposure
• Dark Matter Candidates from Particle Physics and Methods of Detection
• Secluded WIMP Dark Matter
• Precise Relic WIMP Abundance and its Impact on Searches for Dark Matter Annihilation
• New Fixed-Target Experiments to Search for Dark Gauge Forces
• Cosmology and Astrophysics of Minimal Dark Matter
• CMB Constraints on WIMP Annihilation: Energy Absorption During the Recombination Epoch
• Non-perturbative Effect on Thermal Relic Abundance of Dark Matter
• Illuminating Dark Photons with High-Energy Colliders
• Cores in Dwarf Galaxies from Dark Matter with a Yukawa Potential
• U-boson production in e+e- annihilations, psi and Upsilon decays, and Light Dark Matter
• Stellar cooling bounds on new light particles: plasma mixing effects
• New Limits on Hidden Photons from Past Electron Beam Dumps
• Dwarf galaxies in CDM and SIDM with baryons: observational probes of the nature of dark matter
• Constraints on sub-GeV hidden sector gauge bosons from a search for heavy neutrino decays
• Bound-state formation for thermal relic dark matter and unitarity
• PAMELA Positron Excess as a Signal from the Hidden Sector
• Strong constraints on self-interacting dark matter with light mediators
• Hidden On-Shell Mediators for the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess
• Extra-weakly Interacting Dark Matter
• Fitting the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess with Cascade Annihilations
• Constraints on Dark Matter annihilations from reionization and heating of the intergalactic gas
• The windows for kinetically mixed Z'-mediated dark matter and the galactic center gamma ray excess
• Supernova Bounds on the Dark Photon Using its Electromagnetic Decay
• Dark-matter bound states from Feynman diagrams
• A weighty interpretation of the Galactic Centre excess
• Hidden Sector Dark Matter Models for the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess
• High Energy Positrons and the WMAP Haze from Exciting Dark Matter
• Multi-Step Cascade Annihilations of Dark Matter and the Galactic Center Excess
• Hidden Sector Hydrogen as Dark Matter: Small-scale Structure Formation Predictions and the Importance of Hyperfine Interactions
• Lepton Jets from Radiating Dark Matter
• DAEdALUS and Dark Matter Detection
• Antiproton constraints on the GeV gamma-ray excess: a comprehensive analysis
• Signatures of Earth-scattering in the direct detection of Dark Matter
• The light U boson as the mediator of a new force, coupled to a combination of Q, B, L and dark matter
• Effects of QCD bound states on dark matter relic abundance
• A fussy revisitation of antiprotons as a tool for Dark Matter searches
• On thermal corrections to near-threshold annihilation
• Signals from dark atom formation in halos
• Dark Forces in the Sky: Signals from Z' and the Dark Higgs
• Light mediators in dark matter direct detections
• The Spectrum of Darkonium in the Sun

Cited by in corpus (98)

• Scrutinizing the evidence for dark matter in cosmic-ray antiprotons
• TeV-Scale Thermal WIMPs: Unitarity and its Consequences
• BBN constraints on MeV-scale dark sectors. Part II. Electromagnetic decays
• Homeopathic Dark Matter, or how diluted heavy substances produce high energy cosmic rays
• Symmetry of Cosmological Observables, and a High Hubble Constant as an Indicator of a Mirror World Dark Sector
• Asymmetric thermal-relic dark matter: Sommerfeld-enhanced freeze-out, annihilation signals and unitarity bounds
• Supercool Composite Dark Matter Beyond 100 TeV
• Dark decay of the neutron
• Asymmetric dark matter: residual annihilations and self-interactions
• BSM with Cosmic Strings: Heavy, up to EeV mass, Unstable Particles
• The last Complex WIMPs standing
• Cosmic-ray Antinuclei as Messengers of New Physics: Status and Outlook for the New Decade
• BBN constraints on MeV-scale dark sectors. Part I. Sterile decays
• Radiative bound-state formation in unbroken perturbative non-Abelian theories and implications for dark matter
• Searching for Secluded Dark Matter with H.E.S.S., Fermi-LAT, and Planck
• Dark Matter and Neutrino Mass from the Smallest Non-Abelian Chiral Dark Sector
• Reannihilation of self-interacting dark matter
• Dark matter shifts away from direct detection
• Non-Abelian Electric Field Correlator at NLO for Dark Matter Relic Abundance and Quarkonium Transport
• Dark Matter Sommerfeld-enhanced annihilation and Bound-state decay at finite temperature
• Re-derived overclosure bound for the inert doublet model
• Earth-bound Milli-charge Relics
• Asymmetric Dark Matter and the hadronic spectra of hidden QCD
• Collider Probes of Real Triplet Scalar Dark Matter
• Self-interacting dark matter without prejudice
• The Thermal History of Composite Dark Matter
• Gauged $U(1)$ Clockwork Theory
• Neutrinos from captured dark matter annihilation in a galactic population of neutron stars
• Higgs-mediated bound states in dark-matter models
• Production of dark-matter bound states in the early universe by three-body recombination
• Rapid bound-state formation of Dark Matter in the Early Universe
• New Pathways to the Relic Abundance of Vector-Portal Dark Matter
• Dark quarkonium formation in the early universe
• Search for a heavy dark photon at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders
• Minimal self-interacting dark matter models with light mediator
• A Reappraisal on Dark Matter Co-annihilating with a Top/Bottom Partner
• Self-interacting Inelastic Dark Matter in the light of XENON1T excess
• Supersymmetric Resonant Dark Matter: a Thermal Model for the AMS-02 Positron Excess
• Dark Matter Constraints on Low Mass and Weakly Coupled B-L Gauge Boson
• Self-interacting dark matter with a stable vector mediator
• Scaling Transformations and the Origins of Light Relics Constraints from Cosmic Microwave Background Observations
• Self-interacting Dark Matter via Right Handed Neutrino Portal
• Dark matter bound states via emission of scalar mediators
• Dark Matter Bound State Formation in Fermionic $Z_2$ DM model with Light Dark Photon and Dark Higgs Boson
• Composite Dark Matter from Strongly-Interacting Chiral Dynamics
• Zero-Range Effective Field Theory for Resonant Wino Dark Matter I. Framework
• Heating Neutron Stars with Inelastic Dark Matter and Relativistic Targets
• Dark matter bound state formation via emission of a charged scalar
• Astrophysical Tests of Dark Matter Self-Interactions
• Neutron Decay to a Non-Abelian Dark Sector
• Solar neutrino constraints on light mediators through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering
• Primordial black holes and scotogenic dark matter
• Complementarity for Dark Sector Bound States
• Density spikes near black holes in self-interacting dark matter halos and indirect detection constraints
• Indirect Detection of Composite (Asymmetric) Dark Matter
• Dark Photon Search at A Circular $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ Collider
• Indirect searches for dark matter bound state formation and level transitions
• Saha equilibrium for metastable bound states and dark matter freeze-out
• Dark Stars Powered by Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• How Heavy can Neutralino Dark Matter be?
• Dark Matter Annihilation into Four-Body Final States and Implications for the AMS Antiproton Excess
• A Helioscope for Gravitationally Bound Millicharged Particles
• Asymmetric Self-interacting Dark Matter via Dirac Leptogenesis
• Searching for inelastic dark matter with future LHC experiments
• Bound states of WIMP dark matter in Higgs-portal models. Part I. Cross-sections and transition rates
• Time-delayed neutrino emission from supernovae as a probe of dark matter-neutrino interactions
• Secluded Dark Matter in light of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA)
• Dark matter transient annihilations in the early Universe
• Search for secluded dark matter towards the Galactic Centre with the ANTARES neutrino telescope
• Exploring dark sector parameters in light of neutron star temperatures
• Dark Matter in scalar Sp(N) gauge dynamics
• Bound states of WIMP dark matter in Higgs-portal models. Part II. Thermal decoupling
• Resolution of the small scale structure issues with dissipative dark matter from multiple Standard Model sectors
• Boosting the dark matter signal with Coulomb resonances
• Detection of the Crab Nebula using a Random Forest Analysis of the first TAIGA IACT Data
• Dark Matter Freeze-In and Small-Scale Observables: Novel Mass Bounds and Viable Particle Candidates
• Strong Dark Matter Self-Interaction from a Stable Scalar Mediator
• Chiral Symmetry and the Cosmological Constant
• Present and Future constraints on Secluded Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo with TeV Gamma-ray Observatories
• Relaxing Constraints on Dark Matter Annihilation Near the Supermassive Black Hole in M87
• Displaced Lepton Jet Signatures from Self-Interacting Dark Matter Bound States
• Constraints on dark matter interactions from the first results of DarkSide-50
• Bound States of Pseudo-Dirac Dark Matter
• Probing the Dark Matter Capture Rate in a Local Population of Brown Dwarfs with IceCube Gen 2
• Cool dark sector, concordance, and a low ${\sigma }_8$
• Strong Constraints on Dark Photon and Scalar Dark Matter Decay from INTEGRAL and AMS-02 data
• Multicomponent scalar dark matter at high-intensity proton beam experiments
• Quark Seesaw, Dark $U(1)$ symmetry and Baryon-Dark Matter Coincidence
• When Freeze-out occurs due to a non-Boltzmann suppression: A study of degenerate dark sector
• Confronting the dark matter capture rate with a continuous gravitational wave probe of local neutron stars
• Closing the window on WIMP Dark Matter
• Consistent explanation for the cosmic-ray positron excess in p-wave Sommerfeld-enhanced dark matter annihilation
• Sommerfeld Enhancements for Asymmetric Dark Matter
• On Quantum and Classical Treatments of Radiative Recombination
• Unitarity violation and restoration in radiative bound-state formation
• Dark photon searches via Higgs boson production at the LHC and beyond
• Can local White Dwarfs constrain Dark Matter interactions?
• Singlet-Doublet Self-interacting Dark Matter and Radiative Neutrino Mass