Detection of a Gamma-Ray Source in the Galactic Center Consistent with Extended Emission from Dark Matter Annihilation and Concentrated Astrophysical Emission

Abstract

We show the existence of a statistically significant, robust detection of a gamma-ray source in the Milky Way Galactic Center that is consistent with a spatially extended signal using about 4 years of Fermi-LAT data. The gamma-ray flux is consistent with annihilation of dark matter particles with a thermal annihilation cross-section if the spatial distribution of dark matter particles is similar to the predictions of dark matter only simulations. We find statistically significant detections of an extended source with gamma-ray spectrum that is consistent with dark matter particle masses of approximately 10 GeV to 1 TeV annihilating to b/b-bar quarks, and masses approximately 10 GeV to 30 GeV annihilating to tau+ tau- leptons. However, a part of the allowed region in this interpretation is in conflict with constraints from Fermi observations of the Milky Way satellites. The biggest improvement over the fit including just the point sources is obtained for a 30 GeV dark matter particle annihilating to b/b-bar quarks. The gamma-ray intensity and spectrum are also well fit with emission from a millisecond pulsar (MSP) population following a density profile like that of low-mass X-ray binaries observed in M31. The greatest goodness-of-fit of the extended emission is with spectra consistent with known astrophysical sources like MSPs in globular clusters or cosmic ray bremsstrahlung on molecular gas. Therefore, we conclude that the bulk of the emission is likely from an unresolved or spatially extended astrophysical source. However, the interesting possibility of all or part of the extended emission being from dark matter annihilation cannot be excluded at present.

13 pages, 7 figures; v4: erratum included, with a shifting of the parameters for inferred annihilation cross section to lower values in the case of a dark matter interpretation, conclusions unchanged

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• Dark Matter and Electroweak Baryogenesis with Spontaneous $CP$ Violation in the Early Universe
• The Galactic Isotropic $\gamma$-ray Background and Implications for Dark Matter
• Dark matter, extra-terrestrial gamma-rays and the MSSM: a viability study
• High-energy gamma-ray studying with GAMMA-400
• Are we really seeing dark matter signals from the Milky Way center?
• On the Gravitational Wave Counterpart to a Gamma-ray Galactic Center Signal from Millisecond Pulsars
• Spin-one dark matter and gamma ray signals from the galactic center
• Millisecond Pulsars in Globular Clusters and Implications for the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess
• GeV excess and phenomenological astrophysics modeling
• On a possible origin of the gamma-ray excess around the Galactic Center
• On the morphology of $\gamma -$ray emission induced by $e^{\pm }$ from annihilating self-interacting dark matter
• Dark matter properties implied by gamma ray interstellar emission models
• On the Energy Distribution of the Galactic Center Excess' Sources
• Extragalactic Background Light: Measurements and Applications
• Axion-like Particle Search with a Light-Shining-Through-Walls Setup at a $\gamma$-$\gamma$ Collider
• Axion Gamma-Ray Signatures from Quark Matter in Neutron Stars and Gravitational Wave Comparisons
• High Energy Emission from the Galactic Center
• What Can Gamma-rays from Space tell us About the Madala Hypothesis?
• Exotic Decays of Heavy B quarks
• Boosting (In)direct Detection of Dark Matter
• Extragalactic Searches for Dark Matter Annihilation
• Probing Bottom-flavored Scalar Dark Matters at Loop Level