1E0657-56: A Contender for the Hottest Known Cluster of Galaxies

Abstract

We identify the extended Einstein IPC X-ray source, 1E0657-56, with a previously unknown cluster of galaxies at a redshift of $z=0.296$. Optical CCD images show the presence of a gravitational arc in this cluster and galaxy spectra yield a cluster velocity dispersion of $1213_{-191}^{+352}$ km s${}^{-1}$. X-ray data obtained with the ROSAT HRI and ASCA indicate that 1E0657-56 is a highly luminous cluster in which a merger of subclusters may be occurring. The temperature of the hot gas in 1E0657-56 is $\mathrm{kT}=17.4\pm 2.5keV$, which makes it an unusually hot cluster, with important cosmological implications.

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