A Practical and Consistent Parametrization of Dark Matter Self-Interactions

Abstract

Self-interacting dark matter has been proposed to explain the apparent mass deficit in astrophysical small-scale halos, while observations from galaxy clusters suggest that the corresponding cross section depends on the velocity. Accounting for this is often believed to be highly model-dependent with studies mostly focusing on scenarios with light mediators. Based on the effective-range formalism, in this work we point out a model-independent approach which accurately approximates the velocity dependence of the self-interaction cross section with only two parameters. We illustrate how this parameterization can be simultaneously interpreted in various well-motivated scenarios, including self-interactions induced by Yukawa forces, Breit-Wigner resonances and bound states. We investigate the astrophysical implications and discuss how the approximation can be improved in certain special regimes where it works poorly.

arXiv commentMatch the published version

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