Monte Carlo Event Generators

Abstract

Monte Carlo event generators are in a modern terminology the digital twins of collider-based particle physics experiment. We give an introduction into the application of MC generators for particle physics, discuss their different components each simmulating a different aspect of physics. The main part is the hard scattering process, sampled over a commplicated phase space of kinematic variables, followed by simulation of strong and electromagnetic radiation in parton showers, and hadronization of the end products of the shower into mesons and baryons. These then undergo several levels of decays into those particles that are measured in the detectors - mostly electrons, photons, pions and kaons. For each step, the main techniques will be described and explained.

24 pages, 4 figures, invited contribution to the Encyclopedia of Particle Physics

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• Monte Carlo Event Generators for Future Lepton Colliders