Maximizing Boosted Top Identification by Minimizing N-subjettiness

Abstract

N-subjettiness is a jet shape designed to identify boosted hadronic objects such as top quarks. Given N subjet axes within a jet, N-subjettiness sums the angular distances of jet constituents to their nearest subjet axis. Here, we generalize and improve on N-subjettiness by minimizing over all possible subjet directions, using a new variant of the k-means clustering algorithm. On boosted top benchmark samples from the BOOST2010 workshop, we demonstrate that a simple cut on the 3-subjettiness to 2-subjettiness ratio yields 20% (50%) tagging efficiency for a 0.23% (4.1%) fake rate, making N-subjettiness a highly effective boosted top tagger. N-subjettiness can be modified by adjusting an angular weighting exponent, and we find that the jet broadening measure is preferred for boosted top searches. We also explore multivariate techniques, and show that additional improvements are possible using a modified Fisher discriminant. Finally, we briefly mention how our minimization procedure can be extended to the entire event, allowing the event shape N-jettiness to act as a fixed N cone jet algorithm.

32 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; v2: references added, small clarifications, additional figure

References in corpus (8)

• PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual
• Jet substructure as a new Higgs search channel at the LHC
• Top-tagging: A Method for Identifying Boosted Hadronic Tops
• Boosted objects: a probe of beyond the Standard Model physics
• Strategies to Identify Boosted Tops
• Jets in Hadron-Hadron Collisions
• The Beam Thrust Cross Section for Drell-Yan at NNLL Order
• Jet Substructure Without Trees

Cited by in corpus (276)

• Soft Drop
• Performance of pile-up mitigation techniques for jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV using the ATLAS detector
• ParticleNet: Jet Tagging via Particle Clouds
• Energy Correlation Functions for Jet Substructure
• Jet Substructure at the Large Hadron Collider: A Review of Recent Advances in Theory and Machine Learning
• Jet Substructure at the Tevatron and LHC: New results, new tools, new benchmarks
• Anomaly Detection with Density Estimation
• Jet Substructure at the Large Hadron Collider: Experimental Review
• Deep-learning Top Taggers or The End of QCD?
• Jet Substructure Classification in High-Energy Physics with Deep Neural Networks
• Energy Flow Networks: Deep Sets for Particle Jets
• The Machine Learning Landscape of Top Taggers
• Power Counting to Better Jet Observables
• Gaining (Mutual) Information about Quark/Gluon Discrimination
• Boosted objects and jet substructure at the LHC
• Jet Shapes with the Broadening Axis
• Extending the Bump Hunt with Machine Learning
• Deep-learned Top Tagging with a Lorentz Layer
• Jet mass and substructure of inclusive jets in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS experiment
• Searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7, 8, and 13 TeV
• New Angles on Energy Correlation Functions
• Jet-Images: Computer Vision Inspired Techniques for Jet Tagging
• Pileup mitigation at CMS in 13 TeV data
• Systematics of quark/gluon tagging
• OmniFold: A Method to Simultaneously Unfold All Observables
• Pileup subtraction for jet shapes
• Search for massive resonances in dijet systems containing jets tagged as W or Z boson decays in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• A generic anti-QCD jet tagger
• Identification of heavy, energetic, hadronically decaying particles using machine-learning techniques
• Simulation Assisted Likelihood-free Anomaly Detection
• Rethinking Jets with Energy Correlators: Tracks, Resummation and Analytic Continuation
• Performance of jet substructure techniques for large-R jets in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector
• Energy flow polynomials: A complete linear basis for jet substructure
• Finding top quarks with shower deconstruction
• The Lund Jet Plane
• Decorrelated Jet Substructure Tagging using Adversarial Neural Networks
• The Metric Space of Collider Events
• Search for a new scalar resonance decaying to a pair of Z bosons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Search for resonant t t-bar production in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Jet Observables Without Jet Algorithms
• SoftKiller, a particle-level pileup removal method
• Classifying Anomalies THrough Outer Density Estimation (CATHODE)
• Power Corrections to Event Shapes with Mass-Dependent Operators
• Performance of top-quark and $W$-boson tagging with ATLAS in Run 2 of the LHC
• Jet Mass Spectra in Higgs + One Jet at NNLL
• A study of jet mass distributions with grooming
• Search for heavy particles decaying into top-quark pairs using lepton-plus-jets events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Non-Global Logarithms, Factorization, and the Soft Substructure of Jets
• Unsafe but Calculable: Ratios of Angularities in Perturbative QCD
• Neural Networks for Full Phase-space Reweighting and Parameter Tuning
• Boosting $H\to b\bar{b}$ with Machine Learning
• Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos in same-sign dilepton channels in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Resummation of Double-Differential Cross Sections and Fully-Unintegrated Parton Distribution Functions
• Thinking outside the ROCs: Designing Decorrelated Taggers (DDT) for jet substructure
• How Much Information is in a Jet?
• Search for charged Higgs bosons in the $H^{\pm }\to tb$ decay channel in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV using the ATLAS detector
• Identification of boosted, hadronically decaying W bosons and comparisons with ATLAS data taken at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV
• Precision Jet Substructure from Boosted Event Shapes
• Using 1-Jettiness to Measure 2 Jets in DIS 3 Ways
• Search for pair production of massive particles decaying into three quarks with the ATLAS detector in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC
• Simulation-Assisted Decorrelation for Resonant Anomaly Detection
• Novel Jet Observables from Machine Learning
• Search for pair production of vector-like quarks in the fully hadronic final state
• Boosting Higgs pair production in the $b\bar{b}b\bar{b}$ final state with multivariate techniques
• Probing natural SUSY from stop pair production at the LHC
• Jet Charge and Machine Learning
• Search for direct production of supersymmetric partners of the top quark in the all-jets final state in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
• Quantum Algorithms for Jet Clustering
• Current experimental bounds on stop mass in natural SUSY
• Measurements of $t\bar{t}$ differential cross-sections of highly boosted top quarks decaying to all-hadronic final states in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using the ATLAS detector
• Calculating Track Thrust with Track Functions
• Exploring the Space of Jets with CMS Open Data
• Toward Multi-Differential Cross Sections: Measuring Two Angularities on a Single Jet
• Jet Cleansing: Pileup Removal at High Luminosity
• Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection in Particle Physics
• Search for a massive resonance decaying into a Higgs boson and a W or Z boson in hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• ABCDisCo: Automating the ABCD Method with Machine Learning
• Jet Substructure Studies with CMS Open Data
• Recursive Soft Drop
• Measurement of jet substructure observables in $\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}$ events from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13TeV
• XCone: N-jettiness as an Exclusive Cone Jet Algorithm
• Search for heavy particles decaying into a top-quark pair in the fully hadronic final state in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• An operational definition of quark and gluon jets
• Pinning down top dipole moments with ultra-boosted tops
• Search for resonant $\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}$ production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Stop searches in 2012
• Search for a massive resonance decaying to a pair of Higgs bosons in the four b quark final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Search for massive supersymmetric particles decaying to many jets using the ATLAS detector in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV
• Quasi Anomalous Knowledge: Searching for new physics with embedded knowledge
• Mapping Machine-Learned Physics into a Human-Readable Space
• Optimisation of large-radius jet reconstruction for the ATLAS detector in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions
• Phenomenology of Photon-Jets
• The Hidden Geometry of Particle Collisions
• Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying to a top quark and a W boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Supervised Jet Clustering with Graph Neural Networks for Lorentz Boosted Bosons
• Search for pair production of vector-like T and B quarks in single-lepton final states using boosted jet substructure in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
• Search for t t-bar resonances in highly boosted lepton+jets and fully hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
• Comparing Weak- and Unsupervised Methods for Resonant Anomaly Detection
• A Theory of Quark vs. Gluon Discrimination
• Symmetries, Safety, and Self-Supervision
• Presenting Unbinned Differential Cross Section Results
• Factorization and Resummation for Generic Hierarchies between Jets
• Use of a Generalized Energy Mover's Distance in the Search for Rare Phenomena at Colliders
• Tagging highly boosted top quarks
• A multi-dimensional search for new heavy resonances decaying to boosted WW, WZ, or ZZ boson pairs in the dijet final state at 13 TeV
• Jet substructure shedding light on heavy Majorana neutrinos at the LHC
• Dichroic subjettiness ratios to distinguish colour flows in boosted boson tagging
• The LHC Olympics 2020: A Community Challenge for Anomaly Detection in High Energy Physics
• E Pluribus Unum Ex Machina: Learning from Many Collider Events at Once
• Search for $t\bar{t}$ resonances in fully hadronic final states in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Search for dark matter in proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV with missing transverse momentum and vector boson tagged jets
• Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks
• Linearized Optimal Transport for Collider Events
• Aspects of Jets at 100 TeV
• Identification of boosted Higgs bosons decaying into $b$-quark pairs with the ATLAS detector at 13 TeV
• Search for $W^{\prime }\to tb\to qqbb$ Decays in pp Collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV with the ATLAS Detector
• Jets and Photons
• N-Jettiness as a probe of nuclear dynamics
• Search for pair production of scalar leptoquarks decaying into first- or second-generation leptons and top quarks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Automating the Construction of Jet Observables with Machine Learning
• Measuring the Top Yukawa Coupling at 100 TeV
• Building a Better Boosted Top Tagger
• Search for single production of a vector-like $T$ quark decaying into a Higgs boson and top quark with fully hadronic final states using the ATLAS detector
• Pileup and Underlying Event Mitigation with Iterative Constituent Subtraction
• Joint resummation of two angularities at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order
• Mass Agnostic Jet Taggers
• Identification of high transverse momentum top quarks in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Infrared Safety of a Neural-Net Top Tagging Algorithm
• Looking for Minimal Inverse Seesaw scenarios at the LHC with Jet Substructure Techniques
• Photon-jet events as a probe of axion-like particles at the LHC
• Measurement of the jet mass in highly boosted t t-bar events from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Three-particle templates for boosted Higgs
• Towards Machine Learning Analytics for Jet Substructure
• A Cautionary Tale of Decorrelating Theory Uncertainties
• Computing $N$-subjettiness for boosted jets
• Search for production of Higgs boson pairs in the four b quark final state using large-area jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Search for pair-produced resonances decaying to quark pairs in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Factorization and Resummation for Groomed Multi-Prong Jet Shapes
• Probing nuclear dynamics in jet production with a global event shape
• Jet Substructure by Accident
• Reports of My Demise Are Greatly Exaggerated: $N$-subjettiness Taggers Take On Jet Images
• Single top squark production as a probe of natural supersymmetry at the LHC
• Probing the inert doublet model using jet substructure with a multivariate analysis
• Dedicated Strategies for Triboson Signals from Cascade Decays of Vector Resonances
• Benchmarking an Even Better HEPTopTagger
• Probing TeV scale Top-Philic Resonances with Boosted Top-Tagging at the High Luminosity LHC
• Search for Z$\gamma$ resonances using leptonic and hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• QCD and Jets at Hadron Colliders
• Search for excited leptons in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Disentangling Quarks and Gluons with CMS Open Data
• Pileup mitigation at the LHC: a theorist's view
• Search for single production of a heavy vector-like T quark decaying to a Higgs boson and a top quark with a lepton and jets in the final state
• Light axigluon explanation of the Tevatron ttbar asymmetry and multijet signals at the LHC
• Search for top quark partners with charge 5/3 in the same-sign dilepton and single-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Improving Generative Model-based Unfolding with Schrödinger Bridges
• Learning How to Count: A High Multiplicity Search for the LHC
• Machine Learning in High Energy Physics: A review of heavy-flavor jet tagging at the LHC
• A new tagger for hadronically decaying heavy particles at the LHC
• Search Strategies for TeV Scale Fermionic Top Partners with Charge 2/3
• Anomaly Detection under Coordinate Transformations
• Resolving Boosted Jets with XCone
• Exotic Higgs Decays in Type-II 2HDMs at the LHC and Future 100 TeV Hadron Colliders
• The Same-Sign Dilepton Signature of RPV/MFV SUSY
• Measuring Boosted Tops in Semi-leptonic $t\bar{t}$ Events for the Standard Model and Beyond
• Non-Gaussianities in Collider Energy Flux
• Searches for W' bosons decaying to a top quark and a bottom quark in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
• Measurement of the differential $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$ production cross section as a function of the jet mass and extraction of the top quark mass in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks
• Which Metric on the Space of Collider Events?
• Measurement of differential $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$ production cross sections using top quarks at large transverse momenta in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Ephemeral Learning -- Augmenting Triggers with Online-Trained Normalizing Flows
• Boosted Multijet Resonances and New Color-Flow Variables
• Augmenting the diboson excess for Run 2
• Structure of Fat Jets at the Tevatron and Beyond
• Three-Prong Distribution of Massive Narrow QCD Jets
• Determination of the CMSSM Parameters using Neural Networks
• The importance of calorimetry for highly-boosted jet substructure
• Non-standard top substructure
• Type-III see-saw: Search for triplet fermions in final states with multiple leptons and fat-jets at 13 TeV LHC
• Precise probing of the inert Higgs-doublet model at the LHC
• Top-philic Dark Matter in a Hybrid KSVZ axion framework
• Diboson-Jets and the Search for Resonant Zh Production
• Low-mass doubly-charged Higgs bosons at LHC
• The Singular Behavior of Jet Substructure Observables
• Jet tagging algorithm of graph network with HaarPooling message passing
• The dependency of boosted tagging algorithms on the event colour structure
• A simultaneous unbinned differential cross section measurement of twenty-four $Z$+jets kinematic observables with the ATLAS detector
• Tracking New Physics at the LHC and beyond
• Covariantizing Phase Space
• Probing Heavy Charged Higgs Boson at the LHC
• Probing the Interactions of Axion-Like Particles with Electroweak Bosons and the Higgs Boson in the High Energy Regime at LHC
• QCD Analysis of the Scale-Invariance of Jets
• A Framework for Finding Anomalous Objects at the LHC
• Search for the production of an excited bottom quark decaying to tW in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Jet shapes for boosted jet two-prong decays from first-principles
• Search for a heavy resonance decaying to a top quark and a vector-like top quark at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
• Parameter Estimation using Neural Networks in the Presence of Detector Effects
• Optimizing Observables with Machine Learning for Better Unfolding
• Taming modeling uncertainties with Mass Unspecific Supervised Tagging
• Dynamic Radius Jet Clustering Algorithm
• Tagging single Tops
• Searches for new physics with boosted top quarks in the MadAnalysis 5 and Rivet frameworks
• Tagging boosted hadronic objects with dynamical grooming
• Search for a W' boson decaying to a vector-like quark and a top or bottom quark in the all-jets final state
• Soft Functions for Generic Jet Algorithms and Observables at Hadron Colliders
• A method for approximating optimal statistical significances with machine-learned likelihoods
• Dissecting Multi-Photon Resonances at the Large Hadron Collider
• Dynamical vector resonances from the EChL in VBS at the LHC: the WW case
• Jet Substructure Templates: Data-driven QCD Backgrounds for Fat Jet Searches
• Precise probing and discrimination of third-generation scalar leptoquarks
• Search for W' to tb in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Hadron Collider Searches for Diboson Resonances
• Tagging Boosted Ws with Wavelets
• First measurements of $N$-subjettiness in central Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV
• Search for exotic leptons in final states with two or three leptons and fat-jets at 13 TeV LHC
• Probing Radiative Neutrino Mass Generation through Monotop Production
• Quark jet rates and quark/gluon discrimination in multi-jet final states
• Resonant Anomaly Detection with Multiple Reference Datasets
• The minimal stealth boson: models and benchmarks
• On Statistical Aspects of Qjets
• Jet tagging made easy
• Equivariant, Safe and Sensitive -- Graph Networks for New Physics
• Combination of Run-1 Exotic Searches in Diboson Final States at the LHC
• Review of top quark mass measurements in CMS
• Search for top quark partners with charge 5/3 in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
• Search for a heavy resonance decaying to a top quark and a W boson at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV in the fully hadronic final state
• Beyond $M_{t\bar{t}}$: learning to search for a broad $t\bar{t}$ resonance at the LHC
• Is infrared-collinear safe information all you need for jet classification?
• Pileup and Infrared Radiation Annihilation (PIRANHA): A Paradigm for Continuous Jet Grooming
• Don't be left in the dark: Improving LHC searches for dark photons using lepton-jet substructure
• Jet substructures of boosted polarized top quarks
• Search for a heavy resonance decaying into a top quark and a W boson in the lepton+jets final state at $\sqrt{s}=$13 TeV
• Boosted jet techniques for a supersymmetric scenario with gravitino LSP
• Separated at Birth: Jet Maximization, Axis Minimization, and Stable Cone Finding
• Accuracy versus precision in boosted top tagging with the ATLAS detector
• High-dimensional Anomaly Detection with Radiative Return in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ Collisions
• Revealing the jet substructure in a compressed spectrum
• Exploring Higgs-Photon Production at the LHC
• Jet substructures of boosted polarized hadronic tops
• Non-resonant Anomaly Detection with Background Extrapolation
• Top tagging : an analytical perspective
• Aspects of Track-Assisted Mass
• Automatic detection of boosted Higgs boson and top quark jets in an event image
• Jet Classification Using High-Level Features from Anatomy of Top Jets
• Data Driven Search in the Displaced $b\bar{b}$ Pair Channel for a Higgs Boson Decaying to Long-Lived Neutral Particles
• Identifying boosted hadronically decaying top quark using jet substructure in its center-of-mass frame
• Telescoping jet substructure
• Tracking the Identities of Boosted Particles
• Unveiling the Secrets of New Physics Through Top Quark Tagging
• Running bumps from stealth bosons
• New light on WW scattering at the LHC with W jet tagging
• Hexapod Coloron at the LHC
• Investigating top tagging with Y${}_{\text{m}}$-Splitter and N-subjettiness
• A Cautionary Tale of Mis-measured Tails from $q/g$ Bias
• Collider fingerprints of freeze-in dark matter produced during the fast expansion phase of Universe
• Jet Substructure Probe on Scalar Leptoquark Models via Top Polarization
• Search for pair-produced resonances each decaying into at least four quarks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Identifying the b quark inside a boosted hadronically decaying top quark using jet substructure in its center-of-mass frame
• Explainable AI for ML jet taggers using expert variables and layerwise relevance propagation
• Search for resonances decaying to three W bosons in the hadronic final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Search for Heavy Stops with Merged Top-Jets
• Probing sub-TeV Higgsinos aided by a ML-based top tagger in the context of Trilinear RPV SUSY
• Search for pair production of heavy particles decaying to a top quark and a gluon in the lepton+jets final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
• LHC vector resonance searches in the $t\bar{t}Z$ final state
• Exploring the Universality of Hadronic Jet Classification
• Top-Tagging at the Energy Frontier
• Measurement of jet substructure in boosted $t\bar{t}$ events with the ATLAS detector using 140 fb${}^{-1}$ of 13 TeV $pp$ collisions
• Angular observables for spin discrimination in boosted diboson final states
• Quantum clustering and jet reconstruction at the LHC
• Identifying a new particle with jet substructures
• Jet Radiation Radius
• Augmenting Collider Searches and Enhancing Discovery Potentials through Stochastic Jet Grooming
• Jet Rotational Metrics
• Semi-Inclusive Jet Functions and Jet Substructure in $J_{E_T}^{(I)}$ and $J_{E_T}^{(II)}$ Algorithms
• Jet Reconstruction with Mamba Networks in Collider Events
• Power Counting Energy Flow Polynomials
• Improving sensitivity of vectorlike top partner searches with jet substructure