Dilepton Radiation from Strongly Interacting Systems

Abstract

We review the current understanding of time-like virtual photon emission from QCD matter. The phenomenology of dilepton emission is discussed and basic theoretical concepts are introduced. The experimental findings are presented, grouped into production of lepton pairs in elementary processes, production off cold nuclear matter and emission from heavy-ion collisions. The review emphasizes the role of dilepton emission as tool for studying exotic phases of QCD matter. Open questions and a route to probe the QCD phase diagram with dileptons are outlined.

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• 50 Years of Quantum Chromodynamics
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• QCD phase transitions in the light quark chiral limit
• Virtual Photons Shed Light on the Early Temperature of Dense QCD Matter
• Production and electromagnetic decay of hyperons: a feasibility study with HADES as a Phase-0 experiment at FAIR
• The masses of hadrons in the chiral symmetry restored vacuum
• $\varphi$ meson properties in nuclear matter from QCD sum rules with chirally separated four-quark condensates
• From imaginary to real chemical potential QCD with functional methods
• Production rate and ellipticity of lepton pairs from a rotating hot and dense QCD medium
• Effective spectral function of vector mesons via lifetime analysis
• Electric conductivity of hot pion matter
• Multimessenger study of baryon-charged QCD matter in heavy-ion collisions
• Thermal dilepton production within conformal viscous Gubser flow