The QCD phase diagram and Beam Energy Scan physics: a theory overview

Abstract

We review recent theoretical developments relevant to heavy-ion experiments carried out within the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Our main focus is on the description of the dynamics of systems created in heavy-ion collisions and establishing the necessary connection between the experimental observables and the QCD phase diagram.

v1: 105 pages + 33 pages references, 24 figures; v2: 142 pages. A chapter contribution to book Quark-Gluon Plasma 6

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• Viscosity in Strongly Interacting Quantum Field Theories from Black Hole Physics
• Chiral effective field theory and nuclear forces
• Glauber Modeling in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
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• Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions
• On the Strongly-Interacting Low-Viscosity Matter Created in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
• Fully integrated transport approach to heavy ion reactions with an intermediate hydrodynamic stage
• Suppression of elliptic flow in a minimally viscous quark-gluon plasma
• Space-time evolution of bulk QCD matter
• Bulk viscosity of gauge theory plasma at strong coupling
• Parton transport and hadronization from the dynamical quasiparticle point of view
• The Dynamics of Binary Neutron Star Mergers and of GW170817
• Effects of initial flow velocity fluctuation in event-by-event (3+1)D hydrodynamics
• Impact of the PSR J0740+6620 radius constraint on the properties of high-density matter
• Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Constraining the Eq. of State of Super-Hadronic Matter from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Bulk viscosity of QCD matter near the critical temperature
• Transport Coefficients of Bulk Viscous Pressure in the 14-moment approximation
• Inclusive charged hadron elliptic flow in Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7 - 39 GeV
• Estimation of the shear viscosity at finite net-baryon density from A+A collision data at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=7.7-200$ GeV
• Critical point in the phase diagram of primordial quark-gluon matter from black hole physics
• Therminator: Thermal heavy-Ion generator
• Directed flow in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
• An effective chiral Hadron-Quark Equation of State
• A Family of Equations of State Based on Lattice QCD: Impact on Flow in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Transport coefficients for bulk viscous evolution in the relaxation time approximation
• A kinetic regime of hydrodynamic fluctuations and long time tails for a Bjorken expansion
• Dynamical phase trajectories for relativistic nuclear collisions
• Non-thermal p/pi ratio at LHC as a consequence of hadronic final state interactions
• Importance of Granular Structure in the Initial Conditions for the Elliptic Flow
• Uniform description of bulk observables in the hydrokinetic model of A+A collisions at RHIC and LHC
• Quantifying properties of hot and dense QCD matter through systematic model-to-data comparison
• Phase Transitions in Particle Physics -- Results and Perspectives from Lattice Quantum Chromo-Dynamics
• Dynamics of clusters and fragments in heavy-ion collisions
• Centrality dependence of proton and antiproton spectra in Pb+Pb collisions at 40A GeV and 158A GeV measured at the CERN SPS
• QCD at finite temperature and density within the fRG approach: An overview
• Coupling Relativistic Viscous Hydrodynamics to Boltzmann Descriptions
• In-medium NN cross sections determined from stopping and collective flow in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Comparison of Heavy-Ion Transport Simulations: Mean-field Dynamics in a Box
• Longitudinal dynamics and particle production in relativistic nuclear collisions
• (3+1)-D viscous hydrodynamics CLVisc at finite net baryon density: identified particle spectra, anisotropic flows and flow fluctuations across BES energies
• Transport approaches for the Description of Intermediate-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Directed Flow Indicates a Crossover Deconfinement Transition in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
• Hot QCD Phase Diagram From Holographic Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton Models
• Unified description of hadron yield ratios from dynamical core-corona initialization
• Particle production in a hybrid approach for a beam energy scan of Au+Au/Pb+Pb collisions between $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 4.3 GeV and $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 200.0 GeV
• Local and global polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons across RHIC-BES energies: the roles of spin hall effect, initial condition and baryon diffusion
• Nuclear liquid-gas phase transition with machine learning
• Mean-field update in the JAM microscopic model: Mean-field effects on collective flow in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2-20$ GeV energies
• QCD Equation of State at Finite Chemical Potentials for Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
• Beam Energy Dependence of Triton Production and Yield Ratio (${\mathrm{N}}_t\times {\mathrm{N}}_p/{\mathrm{N}}_d^2$) in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC
• Sensitivity of Au+Au collisions to the symmetric nuclear matter equation of state at 2 -- 5 nuclear saturation densities
• Centrality and Energy Dependence of Proton, Light Fragment and Hyperon Production
• Rapid hydrodynamic expansion in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Freezing Out Fluctuations in Hydro+ Near the QCD Critical Point
• Relativistic Dissipative Hydrodynamic Equations at the Second Order for Multi-Component Systems with Multiple Conserved Currents
• QCD Equation of State of Dense Nuclear Matter from a Bayesian Analysis of Heavy-Ion Collision Data
• Multicomponent relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation
• The high-density equation of state in heavy-ion collisions: Constraints from proton flow
• Dissipative Hydrodynamic Effects on Baryon Stopping
• Particlization of an interacting hadron resonance gas with global conservation laws for event-by-event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions
• Forward-backward multiplicity correlations in the wounded nucleon model
• Anisotropic flow in transport+hydrodynamics hybrid approaches
• Interplay between core and corona components in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Probing initial baryon stopping and equation of state with rapidity-dependent directed flow of identified particles
• Longitudinal fluid dynamics for ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Effects of a phase transition on two-pion interferometry in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.4-7.7$ GeV
• Coalescence, the thermal model and multi-fragmentation: The energy and volume dependence of light nuclei production in heavy ion collisions
• Viscous evolution of the rapidity distribution of matter created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Accessing the in-medium effects on nucleon-nucleon elastic cross section with collective flows and nuclear stopping
• Critical lensing and kurtosis near a critical point in the QCD phase diagram in and out-of-equilibrium
• Charge Balance Functions for Heavy-Ion Collisions at LHC Energies
• Hydrodynamic modeling of pseudorapidity flow correlations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and the torque effect
• Splitting of proton-antiproton directed flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Virtual Photons Shed Light on the Early Temperature of Dense QCD Matter
• Dilepton production at next-to-leading order and intermediate invariant-mass observables
• Benchmarking a Non-Equilibrium Approach to Photon Emission in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Hadron resonance gas with van der Waals interactions
• Rapidity scan with multistage hydrodynamic and statistical thermal models
• Non-Gaussian fluctuation dynamics in relativistic fluids
• Mini-jet quenching in a concurrent jet+hydro evolution and the non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma
• Nuclear collective dynamics in the lattice Hamiltonian Vlasov method
• Systematic Investigation of Negative Cooper-Frye Contributions in Heavy Ion Collisions Using Coarse-grained Molecular Dynamics
• Anisotropic-hydrodynamics approach to a quark-gluon fluid mixture
• Phase transition amplification of proton number fluctuations in nuclear collisions from a transport model approach
• Different Realizations of Cooper-Frye Sampling with Conservation Laws
• Spectral and transport properties from lattice QCD
• Multicomponent second-order dissipative relativistic hydrodynamics with binary reactive collisions
• Forced canonical thermalization in a hadronic transport approach at high density
• Extending a Scaling Equation of State to QCD
• Pre-Equilibrium Evolution of Conserved Charges with ICCING Initial Conditions
• Comprehensive simulation of heavy-ion collisions at non-zero baryon chemical potential
• Far-off-equilibrium expansion trajectories in the QCD phase diagram
• Cooper-Frye sampling with short-range repulsion
• Impact of hadronic interactions and conservation laws on cumulants of conserved charges in a dynamical model

Cited by in corpus (30)

• The stochastic relativistic advection diffusion equation from the Metropolis algorithm
• Interface modes in inspiralling neutron stars: A gravitational-wave probe of first-order phase transitions
• Holographic QCD Running Coupling for Light Quarks in Strong Magnetic Field
• Locating the QCD critical point through contours of constant entropy density
• Running Coupling for Holographic QCD with Heavy and Light Quarks: Isotropic case
• Branch-cut in the shear-stress response function of massless $\lambda {\phi }^4$ with Boltzmann statistics
• Probing nuclear liquid-gas phase transition with isospin correlations
• Analytical insights into the interplay of momentum, multiplicity and the speed of sound in heavy-ion collisions
• A Gaussian Process Generative Model for QCD Equation of State
• Multimessenger study of baryon-charged QCD matter in heavy-ion collisions
• Evolutions of in-medium baryon-baryon scattering cross sections and stiffness of dense nuclear matter from Bayesian analyses of FOPI proton flow excitation functions
• Estimate for the neutrino magnetic moment from pulsar kick velocities induced at the birth of strange quark matter neutron stars
• Beta-Functions and RG flows for Holographic QCD with Heavy and Light Quarks: Isotropic case
• Dynamics of the conserved net-baryon density near QCD critical point within inhomogeneous quark-gluon plasma profile
• Chiral phase transition: effective field theory and holography
• Covariant formulation of spinodal decomposition in rapidly expanding quark gluon plasma
• String-based model with Hagedorn temperature of $T_H\sim 300$MeV describes the spectrum of mesons and glueballs
• Exploring hadron-quark phase transition in heavy-ion collisions using particle emission ratios in heavy and light reaction systems
• Superfluids in expanding backgrounds and attractor times
• Transport-based initial conditions for heavy-ion collisions at finite densities
• Efficient calculation of thermodynamic properties of baryon-rich QCD matter from heavy-ion transport models
• Transport coefficients of dense nucleon matter at low temperature
• Lattice-based equation of state with a critical point from constant entropy contours and its comparison to effective QCD approaches
• The sharpness of the quark-hadron transition and the properties of hybrid stars
• Space-time regions of high baryon density and baryon stopping in heavy-ion collisions
• Fermi-liquid view of viscosity in cold and dense nucleon matter
• Isentropic thermodynamics across the hadron-quark mixed phase in a two-phase model with a PNJL quark description
• Kinematic and dynamical origins of mean-$p_T$ fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions
• Viscous Gubser flow with conserved charges to benchmark fluid simulations
• Bayesian Constraints on the Neutron Star Equation of State with a Smooth Hadron-Quark Crossover