Large directed flow of open charm mesons probes the three dimensional distribution of matter in heavy ion collisions

Abstract

Thermalized matter created in non-central relativistic heavy-ion collisions is expected to be tilted in the reaction plane with respect to the beam axis. The most notable consequence of this forward-backward symmetry breaking is the observation of rapidity-odd directed flow for charged particles. On the other hand, the production points for heavy quarks are forward-backward symmetric and shifted in the transverse plane with respect to the fireball. The drag of heavy quarks from the asymmetrically distributed thermalized matter generates a large directed flow for heavy flavor mesons. We predict a very large rapidity odd directed flow of $D$ mesons in non-central Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV, $several$ $times$ $larger$ than for charged particles. A possible experimental observation of a large directed flow for heavy flavor mesons would represent an almost direct probe of the 3-dimensional distribution of matter in heavy-ion collisions.

References in corpus (48)

• Collective flow and viscosity in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Hydrodynamic Modeling of Heavy-Ion Collisions
• How Much do Heavy Quarks Thermalize in a Heavy Ion Collision?
• Heavy-flavour and quarkonium production in the LHC era: from proton-proton to heavy-ion collisions
• QCD Predictions for Charm and Bottom Production at RHIC
• Heavy-Quark Probes of the Quark-Gluon Plasma at RHIC
• Thermalization of Heavy Quarks in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Observation of $D^0$ meson nuclear modifications in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$ = 200 GeV
• A study of vorticity formation in high energy nuclear collisions
• Directed Flow of Charm Quarks as a Witness of the Initial Strong Magnetic Field in Ultra-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• A 3+1 dimensional viscous hydrodynamic code for relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Heavy Quark Momentum Diffusion Coefficient from Lattice QCD
• Toward a solution to the $R_{AA}$ and $v_2$ puzzle for heavy quarks
• Lambda Polarization in Peripheral Heavy Ion Collisions
• Flow and interferometry in 3+1 dimensional viscous hydrodynamics
• Third flow component as QGP signal
• THERMINATOR 2: THERMal heavy IoN generATOR 2
• Measurement of $D^0$ azimuthal anisotropy at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at \sNN = 200\,GeV
• Directed flow in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Comparing the drag force on heavy quarks in N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory and QCD
• Highly-anisotropic hydrodynamics in 3+1 space-time dimensions
• A data-driven analysis for the temperature and momentum dependence of the heavy quark diffusion coefficient in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• System-size independence of directed flow at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider
• Event-by-event hydrodynamics $+$ jet energy loss: A solution to the $R_{AA}\otimes v_2$ puzzle
• Heavy Flavor in Medium Momentum Evolution: Langevin vs Boltzmann
• Torqued fireballs in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Novel rapidity dependence of directed flow in high energy heavy ion collisions
• Heavy-flavor production and medium properties in high-energy nuclear collisions - What next?
• Long Range Forward-Backward Correlations and the Color Glass Condensate
• Examination of the directed flow puzzle in heavy-ion collisions
• Directed flow, a signal for the phase transition in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions?
• Thermalization of charm quarks in infinite and finite QGP matter
• Energy dependence of directed flow over a wide range of pseudorapidity in Au+Au collisions at RHIC
• 3D Jet Tomography of Twisted Strongly Coupled Quark Gluon Plasmas
• Longitudinal Decorrelation of Anisotropic Flows in Heavy-ion Collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Longitudinal fluctuations of the fireball density in heavy-ion collisions
• Equation of state dependence of directed flow in a microscopic transport model
• Tilted Pion Sources from Azimuthally Sensitive HBT Interferometry
• Relativistic Langevin Dynamics in Expanding Media
• Pseudorapidity Distributions of Charged Particles in d + Au and p + p Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}$ = 200GeV
• Longitudinal correlation of the triangular flow event plane in a hybrid approach with hadron and parton cascade initial conditions
• Forward-backward multiplicity correlations in the wounded nucleon model
• Pseudorapidity correlations in heavy ion collisions from viscous fluid dynamics
• A method for studying the rapidity fluctuation and decorrelation of harmonic flow in heavy-ion collisions
• 3D Jet Tomography of the Twisted Color Glass Condensate
• Transport coefficients of heavy quarks around $T_c$ at finite quark chemical potential
• Collective flow of open and hidden charm in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV
• Phenomenology of the little bang

Cited by in corpus (46)

• Further developments of a multi-phase transport model for relativistic nuclear collisions
• Probing the effects of strong electromagnetic fields with charge-dependent directed flow in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
• First observation of the directed flow of $D^0$ and $\overline{D^0}$ in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 200~GeV
• Impact of Glasma on heavy quark observables in nucleus-nucleus collisions at LHC
• The QCD phase diagram and Beam Energy Scan physics: a theory overview
• Interplay of drag by hot matter and electromagnetic force on the directed flow of heavy quarks
• A Fixed-Target Programme at the LHC: Physics Case and Projected Performances for Heavy-Ion, Hadron, Spin and Astroparticle Studies
• A review of quarkonia under strong magnetic fields
• Measurement of prompt ${\mathrm{D}}^0$ and ${\overline{\mathrm{D}}}^0$ meson azimuthal asymmetry and search for strong electric fields in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Probing initial baryon stopping and equation of state with rapidity-dependent directed flow of identified particles
• Charge-dependent flow as evidence of strong electromagnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions
• Directed flow of D mesons at RHIC and LHC: non-perturbative dynamics, longitudinal bulk matter asymmetry and electromagnetic fields
• Probing the initial longitudinal density profile and electromagnetic field in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions with heavy quarks
• Probe the tilted Quark-Gluon Plasma with charmonium directed flow
• Longitudinal distribution of initial energy density and directed flow of charged particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Electromagnetic fields and directed flow in large and small colliding systems at ultrarelativistic energies
• Probing the electromagnetic fields in ultrarelativistic collisions with leptons from $Z^0$ decay and charmed mesons
• Exploring the effects of electromagnetic fields and tilted bulk distribution on directed flow of D mesons in small systems
• Directed flow of open charm in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV using a quark coalescence model
• Rapidity dependence of heavy-flavour production in heavy-ion collisions within a full 3+1 transport approach: quenching, elliptic and directed flow
• Improvement of heavy flavor productions in a multi-phase transport model updated with modern nPDFs
• Event-shape engineering and heavy-flavour observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Directed flow of charged particles within idealized viscous hydrodynamics at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Directed flow and global polarization in Au+Au collisions across energies covered by the beam energy scan at RHIC
• Direct flow of heavy mesons as unique probe of the initial Electro-Magnetic fields in Ultra-Relativistic Heavy Ion collisions
• Longitudinal dependence of open heavy flavor $R_{\text{AA}}$ in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Highlights from the STAR experiment
• Anti-flow of Mesons in the High Baryon Density Region
• Measurements of directed and elliptic flow for $D^0$ and $\overline{D^0}$ mesons using the STAR detector at RHIC
• Open Heavy Flavors in Nuclear Collisions: Theory Overview
• Exploring Spin Polarization of Heavy Quarks in Magnetic Fields and Hot Medium
• Directed and elliptic flow of identified hadrons, high-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ charged hadrons and light nuclei in Au+Au collisions at STAR
• Hydrodynamic simulations of directed flow for light hadrons in Au+Au and isobar collisions $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=$ 200 GeV
• Probing the profile of bulk matter in p+Pb collisions via directed flow of heavy quarks
• Interactions between heavy quarks and tilted QGP fireballs in 200 AGeV Au+Au collisions
• Manipulating strong electromagnetic fields with the average transverse momentum of relativistic nuclear collisions
• Charm balance function in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Order-by-order Anisotropic Transport Coefficients of a Magnetised Fluid: a Chapman-Enskog Approach
• Longitudinal dependence of B and D meson nuclear modifications in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC
• Directed flow of D and B mesons in an electrically and chirally conductive QGP at LHC energies
• In-medium hadronization of heavy quarks and its effect on charmed meson and baryon distributions in heavy-ion collisions
• Non-perturbative heavy quark diffusion coefficients in arbitrarily magnetized quark-gluon plasma
• Electric-charge-dependent directed flow splitting of produced quarks in Au+Au collisions
• Charmonium in electromagnetic and vortical fields
• System size dependence of charged hadrons directed flow at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV using a multi-phase transport model
• Heavy-flavour observables in relativistic nuclear collisions: theory overview