Measurement of prompt ${\mathrm{D}}^0$ and ${\overline{\mathrm{D}}}^0$ meson azimuthal asymmetry and search for strong electric fields in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV

Abstract

The strong Coulomb field created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions is expected to produce a rapidity-dependent difference ($\Delta v_2$) in the second Fourier coefficient of the azimuthal distribution (elliptic flow, $v_2$) between ${\mathrm{D}}^0$ ($\bar{\mathrm{u}}\mathrm{c}$) and ${\overline{\mathrm{D}}}^0$ ($\mathrm{u}\bar{\mathrm{c}}$) mesons. Motivated by the search for evidence of this field, the CMS detector at the LHC is used to perform the first measurement of $\Delta v_2$. The rapidity-averaged value is found to be $⟨\Delta v_2⟩=$ 0.001 $\pm$ 0.001 (stat) $\pm$ 0.003 (syst) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV. In addition, the influence of the collision geometry is explored by measuring the ${\mathrm{D}}^0$ and ${\overline{\mathrm{D}}}^0$ mesons $v_2$ and triangular flow coefficient ($v_3$) as functions of rapidity, transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$), and event centrality (a measure of the overlap of the two Pb nuclei). A clear centrality dependence of prompt ${\mathrm{D}}^0$ meson $v_2$ values is observed, while the $v_3$ is largely independent of centrality. These trends are consistent with expectations of flow driven by the initial-state geometry.

arXiv commentReplaced with the published version. Added the journal reference. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-19-008 (CMS Public Pages)

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