Third flow component as QGP signal

Abstract

A review of earlier fluid dynamical calculations with QGP show a softening of the directed flow while with hadronic matter this effect is absent. The effect shows up in the reaction plane as enhanced emission which is orthogonal to the directed flow. Thus, it is not shadowed by the deflected projectile and target. As both of these flow components are in the reaction plane these form an enhanced 'elliptic flow' pattern. Recent experimental data at 11 AGeV and above show the same softening, hinting at QGP formation.

12 pages, Latex, and 3 figures (.eps), 2 style files (.sty)

References in corpus (1)

• Transverse momentum analysis of collective motion in relativistic nuclear collisions

Cited by in corpus (125)

• Femtoscopy in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions: Two Decades of Progress
• 3+1D hydrodynamic simulation of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Collective Flow signals the Quark Gluon Plasma
• Global polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV
• Directed and elliptic flow of charged pions and protons in Pb+Pb collisions at 40 and 158A GeV
• Saturation of Elliptic Flow and the Transport Opacity of the Gluon Plasma at RHIC
• Identified particle production, azimuthal anisotropy, and interferometry measurements in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 9.2 GeV
• Beam-Energy Dependence of Directed Flow of Protons, Antiprotons and Pions in Au+Au Collisions
• Azimuthal anisotropy at RHIC: the first and fourth harmonics
• Anisotropic flow
• Is early thermalization achieved only near midrapidity at RHIC ?
• Antiflow of Nucleons at the Softest Point of the EoS
• Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Hypernuclei, dibaryon and antinuclei production in high energy heavy ion collisions: Thermal production vs. Coalescence
• Directed flow in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Sideward Flow in Au + Au Collisions Between 2A GeV and 8A GeV
• Novel rapidity dependence of directed flow in high energy heavy ion collisions
• Torqued fireballs in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Anisotropic flow in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Probing the Nuclear Symmetry Energy with Heavy Ion Collisions
• Hydrodynamics Near a Chiral Critical Point
• (3+1)-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Expansion with a Critical Point from Realistic Initial Conditions
• Examination of the directed flow puzzle in heavy-ion collisions
• Directed flow, a signal for the phase transition in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions?
• Open and hidden charm in proton-nucleus and heavy-ion collisions
• Paramagnetic squeezing of QCD matter
• Directed flow of charged particles at mid-rapidity relative to the spectator plane in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\rm{NN}}$=2.76 TeV
• Examination of directed flow as a signature of the softest point of the equation of state in QCD matter
• Large directed flow of open charm mesons probes the three dimensional distribution of matter in heavy ion collisions
• Azimuthal anisotropies for Au+Au collisions in the parton-hadron transient energy range
• Directed and elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions from $E_{\mathrm{beam}}=90$ MeV/nucleon to $E_{c.m.}=200$ GeV/nucleon
• Collective phenomena in non-central nuclear collisions
• Hydrodynamics with a chiral hadronic equation of state including quark degrees of freedom
• The Present and Future of QCD
• Directed flow in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}$ =62.4 GeV
• Directed Flow Indicates a Crossover Deconfinement Transition in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
• The initial state of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collision
• STAR Results from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan-I
• Momentum-dependent potential and collective flows within the relativistic quantum molecular dynamics approach based on relativistic mean-field theory
• Equation of state dependence of directed flow in a microscopic transport model
• The QCD phase diagram and Beam Energy Scan physics: a theory overview
• Effective String Rope Model for the initial stages of Ultra-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• Fluid Dynamical Prediction of Changed v1-flow at LHC
• Interplay of drag by hot matter and electromagnetic force on the directed flow of heavy quarks
• A machine learning study to identify spinodal clumping in high energy nuclear collisions
• Anisotropic flow of charged and identified hadrons in the quark-gluon string model for Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV
• Mean-field update in the JAM microscopic model: Mean-field effects on collective flow in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2-20$ GeV energies
• Sensitivity of Au+Au collisions to the symmetric nuclear matter equation of state at 2 -- 5 nuclear saturation densities
• Hydrodynamics at large baryon densities: Understanding proton vs. anti-proton v_2 and other puzzles
• Directed, elliptic and triangular flow of protons in Au+Au reactions at 1.23 AGeV: A theoretical analysis of the recent HADES data
• Review of Recent Results from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan
• Vorticity and hyperon polarization at NICA energies
• Ideal hydrodynamics and elliptic flow at SPS energies: Importance of the initial conditions
• Softening of the equation of state of matter at large densities and temperatures: chiral symmetry restoration vs. quark deconfinement
• The high-density equation of state in heavy-ion collisions: Constraints from proton flow
• Hydrodynamic modeling of deconfinement phase transition in heavy-ion collisions at NICA-FAIR energies
• Collective Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions from AGS to SPS
• Observables and initial conditions for self-similar ellipsoidal flows
• Directed Flow of Identified Particles in Au + Au Collisions at $\sqrtsNN = 200$ GeV at RHIC
• Correlation between global polarization, angular momentum and flow in heavy-ion collisions
• Azimuthal anisotropy in Cu+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV
• Symmetry Energy Effects on the Mixed Hadron-Quark Phase at High Baryon Density
• Probing initial baryon stopping and equation of state with rapidity-dependent directed flow of identified particles
• The first moment of azimuthal anisotropy in nuclear collisions from AGS to LHC energies
• Directed flow of $\Lambda$ in high-energy heavy-ion collisions and $\Lambda$ potential in dense nuclear matter
• Core-corona separation in the UrQMD hybrid model
• Directed and elliptic flow of charged particles in Cu+Cu collisions at $\sqrt{{\mathbf{s}}_{\mathbf{NN}}}=$ 22.4 GeV
• Simple solutions of fireball hydrodynamics for self-similar elliptic flows
• Beam energy dependence of squeeze-out effect on the directed and elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at high baryon density region
• Directed flow of D mesons at RHIC and LHC: non-perturbative dynamics, longitudinal bulk matter asymmetry and electromagnetic fields
• Charge-dependent directed flow in Cu+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV
• Microscopic study of energy and centrality dependence of transverse collective flow in heavy-ion collisions
• Effects of Strong Color Fields on Baryon Dynamics
• The directed flow maximum near c_s=0
• Structure in the speed of sound: from neutron stars to heavy-ion collisions
• Enhancement of elliptic flow can signal a first order phase transition in high energy heavy ion collisions
• Splitting of proton-antiproton directed flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• What can we learn from the directed flow in heavy-ion collisions at BES RHIC energies?
• Transverse momentum dependence of directed particle flow at 160 AGeV
• Shape analysis of strongly-interacting systems: the heavy ion case
• Event-by-event viscous hydrodynamics for Cu-Au collisions at 200GeV
• Azimuthal anisotropy and correlations in p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV
• Results from the STAR Beam Energy Scan Program
• Exposing the Noncollectivity in Elliptic Flow
• Directed flow of transported and non-transported protons in Au+Au collisions from UrQMD model
• Probing criticality with deep learning in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Nonequilibrium Models of Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Revisit of directed flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions from a multiphase transport model
• Collective Flow Global Collective Flow in Heavy Ion Reactions from the Beginnings to the Future
• Microscopic description of anisotropic flow in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Can shadowing mimic the QCD phase transition?
• Beam energy scan theory: Status and open questions
• Collective Expansion at the LHC: selected ALICE anisotropic flow measurements
• A twisted emission geometry in non-central Pb+Pb collisions measurable via azimuthally sensitive HBT
• The low energy frontier: What is exciting about physics below the top RHIC energy
• Energy Dependence of Directed Flow in Au+Au Collisions from a Multi-phase Transport Model
• Brief history of the search for critical structures in heavy-ion collisions
• The 3rd Flow Component as a QGP Signal
• Does non-monotonic behavior of directed flow signal the onset of deconfinement?
• Mach Cones and Hydrodynamic Flow: Probing Big Bang Matter in the Laboratory
• Hadronization using the Wigner function approach for a multiphase transport model
• Transition to meson-dominated matter at RHIC. Consequences for kaon flow
• Directed flow in an extended multiphase transport model
• Beam Energy Dependence of Directed and Elliptic Flow Measurement from the STAR Experiment
• Pionic Freeze-out Hypersurfaces in Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions
• Dependence on beam energy and nuclear equation of state dependence of anisotropic flow and particle production in low-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Hydrodynamic Models for Heavy-Ion Collisions, and beyond
• Directed flow in heavy-ion collisions at NICA: what is interesting to measure?
• Measuring Photons and Neutrons at Zero Degrees in CMS
• Directed flow at RHIC from Lee-Yang zeroes
• Directed flow in heavy-ion collisions and its implications for astrophysics
• Recent results from NA61/SHINE
• Directed and Elliptic Flow at RHIC
• Is the existence of a softest point in the directed flow excitation function an unambiguous signal for the creation of a quark-gluon plasma?
• Directed Flow of Identified Particles in Au + Au Collisions at $\sqrtsNN = 200$ GeV
• Exploring hadron-quark phase transition in heavy-ion collisions using particle emission ratios in heavy and light reaction systems
• Fluid Dynamics as Diagnostic Tool for Heavy Ion Collisions
• Flow Buildup in a Mixed Phase of Quark-Gluon Plasma Plus Hadrons
• Predictions of baryon directed flow in heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density
• Energy loss of heavy-flavor quarks in color string medium
• Constraining the Phase-Transition EoS using the Energy Dependence of Directed Flow
• Generalized Effective String Rope Model for the initial stages of Ultra-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• What the collective flow excitation function can tell about the quark-gluon plasma
• Phase transitions in high energy heavy ion collisions within fluid dynamics
• Effect of various particlization scenarios on anisotropic flow and particle production using UrQMD hybrid model