Transport Coefficients of Hadronic Matter near $T_c$

Abstract

A hadron resonance gas model including all known particles and resonances with masses $m<2$ GeV and an exponentially rising density of Hagedorn states for $m>2$ GeV is used to obtain an upper bound on the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio, $\eta /s\approx 1/(4\pi )$, of hadronic matter near $T_c$. We found a large trace anomaly and small speed of sound near $T_c$, which agree well with recent lattice calculations. We comment on the bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio close to $T_c$.

Version published in Physical Review Letters

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