Large Baryon Densities Achievable in High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions Outside the Central Rapidity Region

Abstract

Nuclei are nearly transparent to each other when they collide at high energy, but the collisions do produce high energy density matter in the central rapidity region where most experimental measurements are made. What happens to the receding nuclear fireballs? We calculate the energy loss of the nuclei using the color glass condensate model. We then use a simple space-time picture of the collision to calculate the baryon and energy densities of the receding fireballs. For central collisions of large nuclei at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider we find baryon densities more than ten times that of normal nuclear matter. These results provide initial conditions for subsequent hydrodynamic evolution and could test the equation of state at very high baryon densities.

arXiv comment35 pages, 29 figures, 5 tables

References in corpus (34)

• Computing Quark and Gluon Distribution Functions for Very Large Nuclei
• The order of the quantum chromodynamics transition predicted by the standard model of particle physics
• Gluon Distribution Functions for Very Large Nuclei at Small Transverse Momentum
• Saturation Effects in Deep Inelastic Scattering at low $Q^2$ and its Implications on Diffraction
• The QCD equation of state with dynamical quarks
• Saturation in Diffractive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Fluctuating Glasma initial conditions and flow in heavy ion collisions
• Geometric scaling for the total gamma^* p cross section in the low x region
• Some Features of the Glasma
• The QCD Equation of State to $\mathcal{O}({\mu }_B^6)$ from Lattice QCD
• Event-by-event gluon multiplicity, energy density and eccentricities at RHIC and LHC
• QCD equation of state at nonzero chemical potential: continuum results with physical quark masses at order mu^2
• Nuclear Stopping in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 200 GeV
• Color Glass Condensate at the LHC: hadron multiplicities in $pp$, $pA$ and $AA$ collisions
• Gluon saturation and initial conditions for relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Pressure isotropization in high energy heavy ion collisions
• Viscous QCD matter in a hybrid hydrodynamic+Boltzmann approach
• Dynamical initial state model for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• The evolving Glasma
• Hydrodynamical evolution near the QCD critical end point
• Wilson line correlator in the MV model: relating the glasma to deep inelastic scattering
• Cool quark matter
• Matching Excluded Volume Hadron Resonance Gas Models and Perturbative QCD to Lattice Calculations
• Nuclear stopping and rapidity loss in Au+Au collisions at sqrt{s_{NN}}=62.4 GeV
• Early Time Dynamics of Gluon Fields in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
• Baryon Number Fluctuations from a Crossover Equation of State Compared to Heavy-Ion Collision Measurements in the Beam Energy Range $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7 to 200 GeV
• Nucleation of Quark--Gluon Plasma from Hadronic Matter
• Searching for the QCD critical point via the rapidity dependence of cumulants
• Transverse Velocity Dependence of the Proton-Antiproton Ratio as a Signature of the QCD Critical Endpoint
• Collective Deceleration of Ultrarelativistic Nuclei and Creation of Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Evolution to the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Inhomogeneous Nucleation of Quark-Gluon Plasma in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
• High Baryon Densities in Heavy Ion Collisions at Energies Attainable at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Pressure Anisotropy in Heavy Ion Collisions from Color Glass Condensate

Cited by in corpus (15)

• Mapping the Phases of Quantum Chromodynamics with Beam Energy Scan
• A collision geometry-based 3D initial condition for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Exploring the partonic phase at finite chemical potential within an extended off-shell transport approach
• Longitudinal dynamics and particle production in relativistic nuclear collisions
• The QCD phase diagram and Beam Energy Scan physics: a theory overview
• Far-from-equilibrium search for the QCD critical point
• Studying QGP with flow: A theory overview
• Charge-dependent flow as evidence of strong electromagnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions
• Dynamical exploring the QCD matter at finite temperatures and densities-a short review
• Comprehensive simulation of heavy-ion collisions at non-zero baryon chemical potential
• Distribution of Nuclear Matter and Radiation in the Fragmentation Region
• Bremsstrahlung as a probe of baryon stopping in heavy-ion collisions
• Dynamic modeling for heavy-ion collisions
• Accessing proton number fluctuations in limited regions of phase space
• Space-time regions of high baryon density and baryon stopping in heavy-ion collisions