Transverse Velocity Dependence of the Proton-Antiproton Ratio as a Signature of the QCD Critical Endpoint

Abstract

The presence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram can deform the trajectories describing the evolution of the expanding fireball in the ${\mu }_B-T$ phase diagram. If the average emission time of hadrons is a function of transverse velocity, as microscopic simulations of the hadronic freeze-out dynamics suggest, the deformation of the hydrodynamic trajectories will change the transverse velocity (${\beta }_{\mathrm{T}}$) dependence of the proton-antiproton ratio when the fireball passes in the vicinity of the critical point. An unusual ${\beta }_{\mathrm{T}}$-dependence of the $\bar{p}/p$ ratio in a narrow beam energy window would thus signal the presence of the critical point.

Final version accepted for publication

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• Influence of the vector interaction and an external magnetic field on the isentropes near the chiral critical end point
• Signature of QCD critical point: Anomalous transverse velocity dependence of antiproton-proton ratio
• Study of strange quark density fluctuations in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7-200 GeV from AMPT Model
• High baryon densities achievable in the fragmentation regions at RHIC and LHC
• Split of the pseudo-critical temperatures of chiral and confine/deconfine transitions by temperature gradient