Centrality dependence of $\pi$, K, p production in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV

Abstract

In this paper measurements are presented of $\pi$${}^{+}$, $\pi$${}^{-}$, K${}^{+}$, K${}^{-}$, p and $\overline{\mathrm{p}}$ production at mid-rapidity < 0.5, in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV as a function of centrality. The measurement covers the transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) range from 100, 200, 300 MeV/$c$ up to 3, 3, 4.6 GeV/$c$, for $\pi$, K, and p respectively. The measured $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ distributions and yields are compared to expectations based on hydrodynamic, thermal and recombination models. The spectral shapes of central collisions show a stronger radial flow than measured at lower energies, which can be described in hydrodynamic models. In peripheral collisions, the $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ distributions are not well reproduced by hydrodynamic models. Ratios of integrated particle yields are found to be nearly independent of centrality. The yield of protons normalized to pions is a factor ~1.5 lower than the expectation from thermal models.

42 pages, 17 captioned figures, 6 tables, authors from page 36, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/501

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• Effects of Longitudinal Asymmetry in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Overview of ALICE results
• Correlations of Baryon and Charge Stopping in Heavy Ion Collisions
• Confronting fluctuations of conserved charges in central nuclear collisions at the LHC with predictions from Lattice QCD
• Nuclear system size scan for freeze-out properties in relativistic heavy-ion collisions by using a multiphase transport model
• Balance functions of (un)identified hadrons in Pb--Pb, p--Pb, and pp collisions at the LHC
• Exploring Anisotropic flow via the Boltzmann Transport Equation Employing the Tsallis Blast Wave Description at LHC energies
• Net-proton number fluctuations in the presence of the QCD critical point
• Investigation of K${}^{+}$K${}^{-}$ interactions via femtoscopy in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV at the LHC
• Charged-particle multiplicity fluctuations in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV
• Centrality dependence of freeze-out temperature fluctuations in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
• Effect of an anisotropic escape mechanism on elliptic flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Collective flow and hydrodynamics in large and small systems at the LHC
• Elliptic flow of hadrons via quark coalescence mechanism using Boltzmann transport equation for Pb+Pb collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.76 TeV
• Multi-strange baryon production in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions measured with ALICE at the LHC
• Ratio of cross-sections of kaons to pions produced in $pp$ collisions as a function of $\sqrt{s}$
• Scaling of nuclear modification factors for hadrons and light nuclei
• Anisotropic Flow and Jet Quenching in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
• The $D^{\ast }/D$ ratio in heavy ion collisions
• Anisotropic hydrodynamic modeling of heavy-ion collisions at LHC and RHIC
• Nonequilibrium pion distribution within the Zubarev approach
• ALICE overview
• Exploring the effect of hadron cascade-time on particle production in Xe+Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.44 TeV through a multi-phase transport model
• Elliptic flow of deuterons in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Averaged transverse momentum correlations of hadrons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Resonances as Probes of Heavy-Ion Collisions at ALICE
• Equilibration of hadrons in HICs via Hagedorn States
• Formation of light nuclei at chemical freezeout: Description within a statistical thermal model
• Longitudinal asymmetry and its effect on pseudorapidity distributions in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV
• Impact of single string structure and multiple string interaction on strangeness production in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{S_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV
• Testing production scenarios for (anti-)(hyper-)nuclei with multiplicity-dependent measurements at the LHC
• Energy dependent chemical potentials of light particles and quarks from yield ratios of antiparticles to particles in high energy collisions
• Thermal model for Pb+Pb collisions at ${\sqrt{s}}_{NN}=2.76$ TeV with explicit treatment of hadronic ground states
• Energy dependent chemical potentials of light hadrons and quarks based on transverse momentum spectra and yield ratios of negative to positive particles
• Supercooled Goldstone Bosons at the QCD Chiral Phase Transition
• How much does the hadronic phase contribute to the observed anisotropic flow at the LHC?
• Mapping properties of the quark gluon plasma in Pb-Pb and Xe-Xe collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Non-extensive Statistics and a Systematic Study of Meson-Spectra at LHC Energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV
• Multistrange Hyperon Production on Nuclear Targets
• System size and energy dependence of the mean transverse momentum fluctuations at the LHC
• Recent progress in anisotropic hydrodynamics
• Light particle and quark chemical potentials from negatively to positively charged particle yield ratios corrected by removing strong and weak decays
• Extracting Kinetic Freeze-out Properties in High Energy Collisions Using a Multi-source Thermal Model
• Analyzing the Correlation Between Thermal and Kinematic Parameters in Various Multiplicity Classes within 7 and 13 TeV pp Collisions
• Nonuniform-temperature effects on the phase transition in an Ising-like model
• Effect of color reconnection on multiplicity dependent charged particle production in Pythia-generated $pp$ collisions at the LHC energies
• Two-particle transverse momentum correlations in pp and p-Pb collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
• Quantification of the low-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ pion excess in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and top RHIC energy
• Using the non-hydrodynamic mode to study the onset of hydrodynamic behavior in ultraperipheral symmetric nuclear collisions
• Evidence of Coalescence Sum Rule in Elliptic Flow of Identified Particles in High-energy Heavy-ion Collisions
• Squeezed spectra of bosons and antibosons with different in-medium masses
• Model studies of fluctuations in the background for jets in heavy ion collisions
• Universal scaling of the pion, kaon and proton $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ spectra in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV
• Production of Light Nuclei in Heavy Ion Collisions via Hagedorn Resonances
• Recent hadronic resonance measurements at ALICE
• Investigating radial flow-like effects via pseudorapidity and transverse spherocity dependence of particle production in pp collisions at the LHC
• Exploring light nuclei production at RHIC and LHC energies with A Multi-Phase Transport model and a coalescence afterburner
• Quark flavor equilibration of the quark-gluon plasma
• Quenching through the QCD chiral phase transition
• High temperature Bose-Einstein condensation
• Identified charged hadron production in pp and Pb-Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC
• Cylindrically symmetric diffusion model for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Recent ALICE results on hadronic resonance production
• Hadronization effects on the baryon-strangeness correlation in quark combination models
• Study of Isothermal Compressibility and Speed of Sound in the Hadronic Matter Formed in Heavy-Ion Collision using Unified Formalism
• Constraining the hadronic spectrum and repulsive interactions in a hadron resonance gas via fluctuations of conserved charges
• Baseline study for net-proton number fluctuations at top energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and at the CERN Large Hadron Collider with the Angantyr model
• Pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry in a viscous granular source model
• Higher harmonic anisotropic flow of identified particles in Pb-Pb collisions with the ALICE detector
• Longitudinal Asymmetry and its Measurable Effects in Pb-Pb Collisions at 2.76 TeV
• Considerations on the suppression of charged particles and ${\pi }^0$ in high energy heavy ion collisions
• Strangeness Enhancement in p+p, p+Pb and Pb+Pb Collisions at LHC Energies
• Transverse Energy per Charged Particle in Heavy-Ion Collisions: Role of Collective Flow
• Bremsstrahlung as a probe of baryon stopping in heavy-ion collisions
• Strangeness chemical potential from the baryons relative to the kaons particle ratios
• Multiplicity dependence freeze-out scenarios in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV
• Resonance production in partial chemical equilibrium
• Azimuthal flow in hadron collisions from quark-gluon string repulsion
• Resonance Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Measurement of the $\Lambda$ hyperon lifetime
• Thermodynamic and hydrodynamic characteristics of interacting system formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Multiplicity, transverse momentum and pseudorapidity dependence of open-heavy flavored hadron production in proton+proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$= 13 TeV using PYTHIA8
• QCD phase transition at finite temperature and chemical potential with the non-extensive statistics
• Study of the hadron gas phase using short-lived resonances with ALICE
• Comment on "Evaluation of kinetic freeze-out properties in different relativistic heavy-ion collision systems at \sqrtsNN = 200 GeV'' (Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2025) 140:179) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06119-0
• Identified Particle Production in p-Pb Collisions Measured with the ALICE Detector
• Measurement methods of radial flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Hydrodynamic models of particle production
• Long-range azimuthal correlations for partially coherent pion emission in proton-proton collisions
• Evolution of the hot dense matter at LHC energies through light and heavy-flavor hadrons using non-extensive thermodynamics
• Nonequilibrium Phenomenology of Identified Particle Spectra in Heavy-Ion Collisions at LHC Energies
• Blast wave fits with resonances to $p_t$ spectra from nuclear collisions at the LHC
• Multiboson Hanbury Brown-Twiss correlations for partially coherent sources in relativistic heavy-ion collisions in a multiphase transport model
• Testing of coalescence mechanism in high energy heavy ion collisions using two-particle correlations with identified particle trigger
• Universality of scaled particle spectra in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Hadron momentum spectra from analytical solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics
• Limiting Fragmentation in a Thermal Model with Flow
• Neural network enhanced Bayesian global analysis of relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Chemical freeze-out systematics of thermal model analysis using hadron yield ratios
• Identified charged hadron production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 54.4 GeV with the STAR detector
• Blast-wave-Tsallis-power model for $p_{\mathrm{T}}$-spectra and elliptic flow $v_2$ of hadrons in collisions of identical nuclei at energies available at the Large Hadron Collider
• Reconstructing jet anisotropies with cumulants
• Analysis of kinetic freeze out temperature and transverse flow velocity in nucleus-nucleus and proton-proton collisions at same center of mass energy
• Influence of correlations between yields on the chemical freeze-out temperature
• Holography in Quark-Gluon Plasma and Neutron Stars
• Balance functions of charged hadron pairs $(\pi ,K,p)\otimes (\pi ,K,p)$ in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}=$2.76 TeV
• Pion, Kaon and Antiproton Production in $Pb+Pb$ Collisions at LHC Energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV : A Model-based Analysis
• Investigating the correlations of flow harmonics in 2.76A TeV Pb--Pb collisions
• Results on identified particle production in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions measured with ALICE at the LHC
• Remarkable Features of Decaying Hagedorn States
• The domain of soft hadrons in transverse momentum space in high energy collisions
• Scaling of soft QGP signatures in relativistic lead, xenon and oxygen collisions in EPOS4
• Centrality Dependence of the Balance Functions for Identified Particles in Pb--Pb Collisions Using Pythia + Angantyr