An evidence of triple kinetic freezeout scenario observed in all centrality intervals in Cu-Cu, Au-Au and Pb-Pb collisions at high energies

Abstract

Transverse momentum spectra of ${\pi }^{+}$, $K^{+}$, $p$, $K_s^0$, $\Lambda$, $\Xi$ or ${\bar{\Xi }}^{+}$ and $\Omega$ or ${\bar{\Omega }}^{+}$ or $\Omega +\bar{\Omega }$ in Copper-Copper (Cu-Cu), Gold-Gold (Au-Au) and Lead-Lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at 200 GeV, 62.4 GeV and 2.76 TeV respectively, are analyzed in different centrality bins by the blast wave model with Tsallis statistics. The model results are approximately in agreement with the experimental data measured by BRAHMS, STAR and ALICE Collaborations in special transverse momentum ranges. Kinetic freeze out temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume are extracted from the transverse momentum spectra of the particles. It is observed that ${\bar{\Xi }}^{+}$ and $\Omega$ or ${\bar{\Omega }}^{+}$ or $\Omega +\bar{\Omega }$ have larger kinetic freezeout temperature followed by $K^{+}$, $K_s^0$ and $\Lambda$ than ${\pi }^{+}$ and $p$ due to smaller reaction cross-sections of multi-strange and strange particles than non-strange particles. The present work reveals the scenario of triple kinetic freezeout in collisions at BRAHMS, STAR and ALICE Collaborations, however the transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume are mass dependent and they decrease with the increasing rest mass of the particle. In addition, the kinetic freezeout temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume are decreasing from central to peripheral collisions while the parameter q increase from central to peripheral collisions, indicating the approach of quick equilibrium in the central collisions. Besides, the kinetic freezeout temperature and kinetic freezeout volume are observed to be larger in larger collision system which shows its dependence on the size of the interacting system, while transverse flow velocity increase with increasing energy.

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Cited by in corpus (15)

• Effects of coalescence and isospin symmetry on the freezeout of light nuclei and their anti-particles
• Study of kinetic freeze-out parameters as function of rapidity in pp collisions at CERN SPS energies
• Study of Dependence of Kinetic Freezeout Temperature on the Production Cross Section of Particles in Various Centrality Intervals in Au Au and Pb Pb Collisions at High Energies
• Analyzing transverse momentum spectra by a new method in high-energy collisions
• Systematic analysis of the pp collisions at LHC energies with Tsallis function
• Analysis of identified particle transverse momentum spectra produced in pp, p--Pb and Pb--Pb collisions at the LHC using Tsallis--Pareto-type function
• Decoupling of non-strange, strange and multi-strange particles from the system in Cu-Cu, Au-Au and Pb-Pb collisions at high energies
• Investigation of the freeze-out parameters in B-B, O-O, Ca-Ca and Au-Au collisions at 39 GeV
• Role of chemical potential at kinetic freeze-out using Tsallis non-extensive statistics in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider
• Particle species and energy dependencies of freeze-out parameters in high-energy proton-proton collisions
• Scale dependence of the q and T parameters of the Tsallis distribution in the process of jet fragmentation
• On Extracting Thermal Parameters and Scenario in High-Energy Collisions
• Comment on "Evaluation of kinetic freeze-out properties in different relativistic heavy-ion collision systems at \sqrtsNN = 200 GeV'' (Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2025) 140:179) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06119-0
• Observation of different scenarios in different temperatures in small and large collision systems
• Analysis of kinetic freeze out temperature and transverse flow velocity in nucleus-nucleus and proton-proton collisions at same center of mass energy