Temperatures and chemical potentials at kinetic freeze-out in relativistic heavy ion collisions from coarse grained transport simulations

Abstract

Using the UrQMD/coarse graining approach we explore the kinetic freeze-out stage in central Au + Au collisions at various energies. These studies allow us to obtain detailed information on the thermodynamic properties (e.g. temperature and chemical potential) of the system during the kinetic decoupling stage. We explore five relevant collision energies in detail, ranging from $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.4\mathrm{GeV}$ (GSI-SIS) to $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200\mathrm{GeV}$ (RHIC). By adopting a standard Hadron Resonance Gas equation of state, we determine the average temperature $⟨T⟩$ and the average baryon chemical potential $⟨{\mu }_{\mathrm{B}}⟩$ on the space-time hyper-surface of last interaction. The results highlight the nature of the kinetic freeze-out as a continuous process. This differential decoupling is an important aspect often missed when summarizing data as single points in the phase diagram as e.g. done in Blast-Wave fits. We compare the key properties of the system derived by using our approach with other models and we briefly review similarities and differences.

arXiv commentVersion accepted by JPG

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• Probing chemical freeze-out criteria in relativistic nuclear collisions with coarse grained transport simulations
• Hierarchy of kinetic freeze-out parameters in low energy heavy-ion collisions
• Efficient calculation of thermodynamic properties of baryon-rich QCD matter from heavy-ion transport models