Parametrization of gamma-ray production cross-sections for pp interactions in a broad proton energy range from the kinematic threshold to PeV energies

Abstract

Using publicly available Monte Carlo codes as well as compilation of published data on p--p interactions for proton kinetic energy below 2 GeV, we parametrize the energy spectra and production rates of $\gamma$-rays by simple but quite accurate ($\le 20\%$) analytical expressions in a broad range from the kinematic threshold to PeV energies.

19 pages, 15 figures, v2 version fixes the cross references

References in corpus (9)

• PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual
• Event generation with SHERPA 1.1
• Herwig++ Physics and Manual
• Parameterization of Gamma, e^+/- and Neutrino Spectra Produced by p-p Interaction in Astronomical Environment
• Cosmic Ray Protons in the Inner Galaxy and the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess
• Two-Pion Production in Proton-Proton Collisions -- Experimental Total Cross Sections and their Isospin Decomposition
• Status of QGSJET
• Nuclear enhancement of the photon yield in cosmic ray interactions
• Single-Pion Production in pp Collisions at =.95 GeV/c (I)

Cited by in corpus (152)

• Time-resolved hadronic particle acceleration in the recurrent Nova RS Ophiuchi
• Cosmic ray transport in starburst galaxies
• Leptonic and Hadronic Radiative Processes in Supermassive-Black-Hole Jets
• Cosmic ray production in superbubbles
• The diffuse $\gamma$-ray background is dominated by star-forming galaxies
• Cosmic rays and non-thermal emission in simulated galaxies. II. $\gamma$-ray maps, spectra and the far infrared-$\gamma$-ray relation
• Low energy cosmic rays
• Galactic diffuse gamma rays meet the PeV frontier
• Diffuse Emission of Galactic High-Energy Neutrinos from a Global Fit of Cosmic Rays
• Detection of persistent gamma-ray emission toward SS433/W50
• Cosmic rays and non-thermal emission in simulated galaxies. I. Electron and proton spectra compared to Voyager-1 data
• Nonlinear particle acceleration and thermal particles in GRB afterglows
• Diffuse gamma-ray emission toward the massive star-forming region, W40
• On particle acceleration and transport in plasmas in the Galaxy: theory and observations
• The contribution of winds of star clusters to the Galactic cosmic-ray population
• Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission from GeV to PeV energies in light of up-to-date cosmic ray measurements
• Evidence for PeV Proton Acceleration from Fermi-LAT Observations of SNR G106.3+2.7
• Evidence for multiple shocks from the $\gamma$-ray emission of RS Ophiuchi
• Gamma-ray observations of low-luminosity active galactic nuclei
• FLUKA cross sections for cosmic-ray interactions with the DRAGON2 code
• H.E.S.S. detection of TeV emission from the interaction region between the supernova remnant G349.7+0.2 and a molecular cloud
• Where are Milky Way's Hadronic PeVatrons?
• PeV photon and neutrino flares from galactic gamma-ray binaries
• Understanding the TeV $\gamma$-ray emission surrounding the young massive star cluster Westerlund 1
• On the gamma-ray emission of W44 and its surroundings
• VHE Emission from Magnetic Reconnection in the RIAF of SgrA*
• AM${}^3$: An Open-Source Tool for Time-Dependent Lepto-Hadronic Modeling of Astrophysical Sources
• High-energy Neutrinos from the Inner Circumnuclear Region of NGC 1068
• Probing the Cosmic Ray density in the inner Galaxy
• Multi-wavelength study of the galactic PeVatron candidate LHAASO J2108+5157
• Evidence of 100 TeV $\gamma$-ray emission from HESS J1702-420: A new PeVatron candidate
• Interacting supernovae as high-energy multimessenger transients
• Starburst and post-starburst high-redshift protogalaxies: The feedback impact of high energy cosmic rays
• Effective Shielding of $\lesssim$ 10 GeV Cosmic Rays from Dense Molecular Clumps
• Time Evolution of Gamma Rays from Supernova Remnants
• Interstellar gas towards the TeV gamma-ray sources HESS J1640-465 and HESS J1641-463
• Evidence of Cosmic-Ray Excess from Local Giant Molecular Clouds
• Galactic gamma-ray and neutrino emission from interacting cosmic-ray nuclei
• The Diffuse Gamma-Ray Flux from Clusters of Galaxies
• Constraining the cosmic ray spectrum in the vicinity of the supernova remnant W28: from sub-GeV to multi-TeV energies
• Prospects for detection of a Galactic diffuse neutrino flux
• Detection of GeV Gamma-rays from HESS J1534-571 and Multiwavelength Implications for the Origin of the Non-thermal Emission
• Characterising the signatures of star-forming galaxies in the extra-galactic $\gamma$-ray background
• Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to TeV photon emission from the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Modeling of GeV-TeV gamma-ray emission of Cygnus Cocoon
• Cosmic Ray Interstellar Propagation Tool using Itô Calculus (criptic): software for simultaneous calculation of cosmic ray transport and observational signatures
• Exploring the hadronic origin of LHAASO J1908+0621
• Observation of the $\gamma$-ray Emission from W43 with LHAASO
• Transient High-energy Gamma-rays and Neutrinos from Nearby Type II Supernovae
• New high-frequency radio observations of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant with the Italian radio telescopes
• Ultra-high Energy Gamma-rays from Past Explosions in our Galaxy
• Gamma-ray emission from spectrally resolved cosmic rays in galaxies
• Cut-off Characterisation of Energy Spectra of Bright Fermi Sources: Current instrument limits and future possibilities
• Probing the hadronic nature of the gamma-ray emission associated with Westerlund 2
• On the energy of the protons producing the very high-energy astrophysical neutrinos
• LMC N132D: A mature supernova remnant with a power-law gamma-ray spectrum extending beyond 8 TeV
• Starburst Nuclei as Light Dark Matter Laboratories
• Early-time gamma-ray constraints on cosmic-ray acceleration in the core-collapse SN 2023ixf with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• Characterization of the GeV emission from the Kepler supernova remnant
• Cosmic rays from massive star clusters : A close look at Westerlund 1
• Production of secondary particles in heavy nuclei interactions in supernova remnants
• Hadronic versus leptonic origin of gamma-ray emission from supernova remnants
• Does the SN rate explain the very high energy cosmic rays in the central 200 pc of our Galaxy?
• Detection of a new molecular cloud in the LHAASO J2108+5157 region supporting a hadronic PeVatron scenario
• Possible contribution of X-ray binary jets to the Galactic cosmic ray and neutrino flux
• Very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission from young massive star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Galactic center gamma-ray production by cosmic rays from stellar winds and Sgr A East
• Parametrization of the nucleus-nucleus gamma-ray production cross sections below 100 GeV/nucleon: Subthreshold pions and Hard photons
• Tentative evidence of spatially extended GeV emission from SS433/W50
• Radio-to-gamma-ray synchrotron and neutrino emission from proton-proton interactions in active galactic nuclei
• Highly collimated microquasar jets as efficient cosmic-ray sources
• Hadronic Interactions of Energetic Charged Particles in Protogalactic Outflow Environments and Implications for the Early Evolution of Galaxies
• Observation of gamma rays up to 320 TeV from the middle-aged TeV pulsar wind nebula HESS J1849$-$000
• Lepto-hadronic interpretation of 2021 RS Ophiuchi nova outburst
• Search for new cosmic-ray acceleration sites within the 4FGL catalog Galactic plane sources
• Probing LHAASO Galactic PeVatrons through gamma-ray and neutrino correspondence
• Cosmic rays cannot explain the high ionisation rates in the Galactic centre
• Subphotospheric emission from short gamma-ray bursts: Protons mold the multi-messenger signals
• Supernova connection of unidentified ultra high energy gamma-ray source LHAASO J2108+5157
• Contribution of young massive star clusters to Galactic diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission
• Supernova origin of cosmic rays from a gamma-ray signal in the Constellation III region of the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Revisiting the Chandra Observation on the Region of PSR J1809-1917: Indication of an X-ray Halo and Implication for the Origin of HESS J1809-193
• New estimation of the nuclear de-excitation line emission from the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A
• Prospects for $\gamma$-ray observations of the Perseus galaxy cluster with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations of the binary 4FGL J1405.1-6119. A $\gamma$-ray emitting microquasar?
• The extragalactic $\gamma$-ray background: imprints from the physical properties and evolution of star-forming galaxy populations
• Exploring the Emission Mechanisms of Mrk 180 with long term X-ray and $\gamma$-ray data
• Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex
• High Energy Gamma Rays from Nebulae Associated with Extragalactic Microquasars and Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources
• Dissecting the emission from LHAASO J0341+5258: implications for future multi-wavelength observations
• Galactic transient sources with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
• LHAASO protons versus LHAASO diffuse gamma-rays: a consistency check
• Role of magnetic arcades in explaining the puzzle of the gamma-ray emission from the solar disk
• Exploring the high energy frontiers of the Milky Way with ground-based gamma-ray astronomy: PeVatrons and the quest for the origin of Galactic cosmic-rays
• The population of Galactic supernova remnants in the TeV range
• Probing local cosmic rays using Fermi-LAT observation of a mid-latitude region in the third Galactic quadrant
• Hadronic emission from the environment of the Crab Pulsar Wind Nebula by re-accelerated particles
• CONGRuENTS (COsmic-ray, Neutrino, Gamma-ray and Radio Non-Thermal Spectra). I. A predictive model for galactic non-thermal emission
• Prospects for combined analyses of hadronic emission from $\gamma$-ray sources in the Milky Way with CTA and KM3NeT
• Diffuse gamma-ray emission around the Rosette Nebula
• Modeling Hadronic Gamma-ray Emissions from Solar Flares and Prospects for Detecting Non-thermal Signatures from Protostars
• Interpreting the GeV-TeV Gamma-Ray Spectra of Local Giant Molecular Clouds using GEANT4 Simulation
• Spatially decomposed $\gamma$-ray features surrounding SNR Kes 79 & PSR J1853+0056
• Hadronic particle acceleration in the supernova remnant SN 1006 as traced by Fermi-LAT observations
• HAWC Study of Very-High-Energy $\gamma$-ray Spectrum of HAWC J1844-034
• An Accretion Flare Interpretation for the Ultra-High-Energy Neutrino Event KM3-230213A
• Detection of molecular clouds in the PeVatron candidate source LHAASO J0341$+$5258 by the Nobeyama 45-m radio telescope
• HESS J1809-193: Gamma-Ray Emission by Cosmic Rays from Past Explosion
• Gamma-ray detection toward the Coma cluster with Fermi-LAT: Implications for the cosmic ray content in the hadronic scenario
• Energetic particles and high-energy processes in cosmological filaments and their astronomical implications
• Search for the Galactic accelerators of Cosmic-Rays up to the Knee with the Pevatron Test Statistic
• Towards Multi Energy Neutrino Astronomy: Diagnosing Enhanced Circumstellar Material around Stripped-Envelope Supernovae
• Fermi-LAT detection of A new starburst galaxy candidate: IRAS 13052-5711
• Massive Star Clusters as sources of high-energy gamma radiation
• Nuclear de-excitation line emissions from giant molecular clouds
• Gamma-ray signature of superluminous supernovae: Fermi-LAT GeV detection of SN 2017egm and evidence of a central engine
• Evidence for protons accelerated and escaped from the Puppis A region using \textit{Fermi}-LAT observations
• Study of Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Source 1LHAASO J0056+6346u and Its Possible Origins
• Starburst-Driven Galactic Outflows -- Unveiling the Suppressive Role of Cosmic Ray Halos
• Very-high-energy gamma rays from cosmic rays escaping from Galactic black hole binaries
• Constraining the low-energy cosmic ray flux in the central molecular zone from MeV nuclear deexcitation line observations
• Pulsars as candidates of LHAASO sources J2226+6057, J1908+0621 and J1825-1326
• Nonthermal processes and particle acceleration in supernova remnants
• Fermi-LAT Detection of GeV Gamma-Ray Emission from The Highly Asymmetric Shell Supernova Remnant: SNR G317.3-0.2
• Probing maximum energy of cosmic rays in SNR through gamma rays and neutrinos from the molecular clouds around SNR W28
• Hadronic Processes, Plasma Evolution and Neutrino Emission in Magnetic Towers of Neutron-Star Merger Remnants
• Modelling the Gamma-Ray Morphology of HESS J1804-216 from Two Supernova Remnants in a Hadronic Scenario
• TeV Gamma-Rays from the Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 4278: Implications for the Diffuse Neutrino Background
• On a possible origin of the gamma-ray excess around the Galactic Center
• Angular Distribution of Gamma Rays Produced in Proton-Proton Collisions
• On the hadronic origin of the very high energy $\gamma$-ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1
• The expected potential of hadronic PeVatron searches with spectral $\gamma$-ray data from the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory
• On the orbital variability of gamma-ray emission in ${\gamma }^2$ Velorum
• Modeling Hadronic Interactions in Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays within Astrophysical Environments: A Parametric Approach
• The traveling-PWN modeling attempt on the enigmatic LHAASO dumbbell-like structure
• Detectability of Supernova Remnants with the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory
• Runaway stars and the Galactic supernova remnant landscape: non-thermal emission and observational evidence
• On the stochastic nature of Galactic cosmic-ray sources
• Search for enhanced TeV gamma-ray emission from Giant Molecular Clouds using H.E.S.S
• The GPSP Atlas: High-resolution Galactic Photon Survival Probability Atlas for Very-High- and Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
• Examining a hadronic $\gamma$-ray scenario for the radiative shell & molecular clouds of the old GeV supernova remnant G298.6$-$0.0
• Suppressed diffusion and gamma-ray emission from the Cygnus bubble
• Deciphering the spectral bumps of Galactic cosmic rays through gamma-ray observations of nearby molecular clouds
• Updated Constraints on the Injection Energy of Positrons Generating the Galactic 511 keV $\gamma$-ray line
• Deciphering the gamma-ray emission in the Cygnus region
• Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Density in the Spiral Arms toward Galactic Anticenter
• Investigation of the Microquasar SS 433 with VERITAS
• Gamma-ray emission toward supergiant shells in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• GeV emission in the region of Vela: a new view of the supernova remnant
• Young Massive Star Clusters as TeV Emitters: Constraints from H.E.S.S. and LHAASO
• A MINOT-based Study of Gamma-ray emission from SPT-CL J2012-5649/Abell 3667
• Interpreting the LHAASO Galactic diffuse emission data