The population of Galactic supernova remnants in the TeV range

Abstract

Supernova remnants (SNRs) are likely to be significant sources of cosmic rays up to the knee of the local cosmic-ray (CR) spectrum. They produce gamma-rays in the very-high-energy (VHE) ($E>0.1$ TeV) range via: hadronic interactions with the interstellar medium and leptonic interactions with soft photons. Current observations have lead to the detection of about a dozen of VHE SNRs and future instruments should increase this number. The details of particle acceleration at SNRs, and of the mechanisms producing VHE gamma-rays at SNRs are poorly understood. We aim to study the population of SNRs detected in the TeV range and its properties, and to address fundamental questions of particle acceleration at SNR shocks: What is the spectrum of accelerated particles? What is the efficiency of acceleration? Is the VHE emission dominated by hadronic or leptonic interactions? By means of Monte Carlo methods, we simulate the population of SNRs in the VHE domain and confront our simulations to H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey (HGPS). We explore the parameter space: the slope of accelerated particles $\alpha$, the electron-to-proton ratio $K_{\mathrm{ep}}$, and the efficiency of particle acceleration $\xi$. We found sets of parameters for which $\gtrsim 90$\% of realisations are found in agreements with the HGPS data. These parameters are found $4.2\gtrsim \alpha \gtrsim 4.1$, $10^{-5}\lesssim K_{\mathrm{ep}}\lesssim 10^{-4.5}$, and $0.03\lesssim \xi \lesssim 0.1$ . We were able to strongly argue against some regions of the parameter space: $\alpha \lesssim 4.05$, $\alpha \gtrsim 4.35$, or $K_{\mathrm{ep}}\gtrsim 10^{-3}$. Our model is so far able to explain the SNR population of the HGPS. Our approach, confronted to the results of future systematic surveys, will help remove degeneracy in the solutions, and to better understand particle acceleration at SNR shocks.

arXiv comment15 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

References in corpus (74)

• On the variation of the Initial Mass Function
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST). I: Solar-Scaled Models
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Convective Boundaries, Element Diffusion, and Massive Star Explosions
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) 0: Methods for the construction of stellar isochrones
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Pulsating Variable Stars, Rotation, Convective Boundaries, and Energy Conservation
• Grids of stellar models with rotation - I. Models from 0.8 to 120 Msun at solar metallicity (Z = 0.014)
• The Murchison Widefield Array: the Square Kilometre Array Precursor at low radio frequencies
• Core-Collapse Supernovae from 9 to 120 Solar Masses Based on Neutrino-powered Explosions
• Propagation of cosmic-ray nucleons in the Galaxy
• The Interstellar Environment of our Galaxy
• PAMELA Measurements of Cosmic-ray Proton and Helium Spectra
• Rotating Massive Main-Sequence Stars I: Grids of Evolutionary Models and Isochrones
• The death of massive stars - I. Observational constraints on the progenitors of type II-P supernovae
• Trigonometric Parallaxes Of High-Mass Star Forming Regions: Our View Of The Milky Way
• Birth and Evolution of Isolated Radio Pulsars
• Parametrization of gamma-ray production cross-sections for pp interactions in a broad proton energy range from the kinematic threshold to PeV energies
• Magnetic Field Amplification in Tycho and other Shell-type Supernova Remnants
• Cosmic ray acceleration and escape from supernova remnants
• Strong evidences of hadron acceleration in Tycho's Supernova Remnant
• The 1st Fermi Lat Supernova Remnant Catalog
• On the spectrum of high-energy cosmic rays produced by supernova remnants in the presence of strong cosmic-ray streaming instability and wave dissipation
• Rotating Massive Main-Sequence Stars II: Simulating a Population of LMC early B-type Stars as a Test of Rotational Mixing
• The origin of Galactic cosmic rays: challenges to the standard paradigm
• Discovery of VHE Gamma Radiation from IC443 with the MAGIC Telescope
• Simple analytical approximations for treatment of inverse Compton scattering of relativistic electrons in the black-body radiation field
• Nonthermal Radiation of Young Supernova Remnants
• Spectrum of Galactic Cosmic Rays Accelerated in Supernova Remnants
• Discovery of TeV Gamma Ray Emission from Tycho's Supernova Remnant
• Limits on diffusive shock acceleration in supernova remnants in the presence of cosmic-ray streaming instability and wave dissipation
• Efficient cosmic ray acceleration, hydrodynamics, and Self-consistent Thermal X-ray Emission applied to SNR RX J1713.7-3946
• POSYDON: A General-Purpose Population Synthesis Code with Detailed Binary-Evolution Simulations
• H.E.S.S. observations of RX J1713.7-3946 with improved angular and spectral resolution; evidence for gamma-ray emission extending beyond the X-ray emitting shell
• Particle Acceleration in Supernova Remnants and the Production of Thermal and Nonthermal Radiation
• Constraints on the distribution of supernova remnants with Galactocentric radius
• Cosmic ray acceleration in young supernova remnants
• Non-linear shock acceleration in the presence of seed particles
• New very local interstellar spectra for electrons, positrons, protons and light cosmic ray nuclei
• A new SNR with TeV shell-type morphology: HESS J1731-347
• The low rate of Galactic pevatrons
• The Hunt for Pevatrons: The Case of Supernova Remnants
• Population study of Galactic supernova remnants at very high $\gamma$-ray energies with H.E.S.S.
• Numerical simulations of diffusive shock acceleration in SNRs
• Evolution of high-energy particle distribution in Supernova Remnants
• Bonn Optimized Stellar Tracks (BoOST). Simulated Populations of Massive and Very Massive Stars for Astrophysical Applications
• Study of TeV shell supernova remnants at gamma-ray energies
• Deeper H.E.S.S. observations of Vela Junior (RX J0852.0$-$4622): Morphology studies and resolved spectroscopy
• Acceleration of cosmic rays and gamma-ray emission from supernova remnants in the Galaxy
• The supernova remnant W49B as seen with H.E.S.S. and Fermi-LAT
• The hydrodynamics of the supernova remnant Cas A: The influence of the progenitor evolution on the velocity structure and clumping
• Cosmic Ray Electron Evolution in the Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946
• A possible approach to three-dimensional cosmic-ray propagation in the Galaxy IV. Electrons and electron-induced gamma-rays
• Modelling the Galactic very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray source population
• Diffusive shock acceleration in radiation dominated environments
• Leaked GeV CRs from a broken shell: Explaining 9 years Fermi-LAT data of SNR W28
• On the spectrum of stable secondary nuclei in cosmic rays
• H.E.S.S. detection of TeV emission from the interaction region between the supernova remnant G349.7+0.2 and a molecular cloud
• 3D MHD astrospheres: applications to IRC-10414 and Betelgeuse
• Detailed spectral and morphological analysis of the shell type SNR RCW 86
• Prediction of the diffuse neutrino flux from cosmic ray interactions near Supernova Remnants
• The spectral shapes of the fluxes of electrons and positrons and the average residence time of cosmic rays in the Galaxy
• Spectral softening in core-collapse supernova remnant expanding inside wind-blown bubble
• Modeling of the spatially resolved non-thermal emission from the Vela Jr. supernova remnant
• Rectangular core-collapse supernova remnants: application to Puppis A
• Supernova remnants in the very-high-energy gamma-ray domain: the role of the Cherenkov telescope array
• Expectation on Observation of Supernova Remnants with the LHAASO Project
• Mixing of materials in magnetised core-collapse supernova remnants
• Gamma rays from reaccelerated particles at supernova remnant shocks
• Hadronic versus leptonic origin of gamma-ray emission from supernova remnants
• Simulating TeV gamma-ray morphologies of shell-type supernova remnants
• Pulsar wind nebulae of runaway massive stars
• Gamma rays and neutrinos from RX J1713.7-3946 in a lepto-hadronic scenario
• The Gamma-Ray Emission from the Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946 Interacting with Two-phase Medium
• XMM-Newton observations of the TeV-discovered supernova remnant HESS J1534-571

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Estimatingthe Contribution of Galactic Neutrino Sources
• Very High Energy Gamma Rays from Ultra Fast Outflows
• Runaway stars and the Galactic supernova remnant landscape: non-thermal emission and observational evidence
• Young Massive Star Clusters as TeV Emitters: Constraints from H.E.S.S. and LHAASO