The Interstellar Environment of our Galaxy

Abstract

We review the current knowledge and understanding of the interstellar medium of our galaxy. We first present each of the three basic constituents - ordinary matter, cosmic rays, and magnetic fields - of the interstellar medium, laying emphasis on their physical and chemical properties inferred from a broad range of observations. We then position the different interstellar constituents, both with respect to each other and with respect to stars, within the general galactic ecosystem.

39 pages, 12 figures (including 3 figures in 2 parts)

References in corpus (1)

• Final Results from the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project to Measure the Hubble Constant

Cited by in corpus (589)

• Control of star formation by supersonic turbulence
• Comparing the statistics of interstellar turbulence in simulations and observations: Solenoidal versus compressive turbulence forcing
• Astrophysical gyrokinetics: kinetic and fluid turbulent cascades in magnetized weakly collisional plasmas
• Theoretical Challenges in Galaxy Formation
• Forming Realistic Late-Type Spirals in a LCDM Universe: The Eris Simulation
• Simulations of small-scale turbulent dynamo
• Magnetic Fields in Spiral Galaxies
• The Fermi Galactic Center GeV Excess and Implications for Dark Matter
• Regulation of Star Formation Rates in Multiphase Galactic Disks: a Thermal/Dynamical Equilibrium Model
• Momentum Injection by Supernovae in the Interstellar Medium
• The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper Northern Sky Survey
• Physical properties of molecular clouds for the entire Milky Way disk
• Radio observational constraints on Galactic 3D-emission models
• The warm ionized medium in spiral galaxies
• Maximally Star-Forming Galactic Disks I. Starburst Regulation Via Feedback-Driven Turbulence
• Cosmic-Ray Nuclei, Antiprotons and Gamma-rays in the Galaxy: a New Diffusion Model
• Cosmic Ray Acceleration at the Forward Shock in Tycho's Supernova Remnant: Evidence from Chandra X-ray Observations
• Accretion-Driven Turbulence as Universal Process: Galaxies, Molecular Clouds, and Protostellar Disks
• The role of stellar feedback in the formation of galaxies
• The 511 keV emission from positron annihilation in the Galaxy
• The Milky Way's Kiloparsec Scale Wind: A Hybrid Cosmic-Ray and Thermally Driven Outflow
• Fueling Low-Level AGN Activity Through the Stochastic Accretion of Cold Gas
• Global cosmic-ray related luminosity and energy budget of the Milky Way
• A high spatial resolution X-ray and H-alpha study of hot gas in the halos of star-forming disk galaxies. II. Quantifying supernova feedback
• The Physics of the FIR-Radio Correlation: I. Calorimetry, Conspiracy, and Implications
• The Most Likely Sources of High Energy Cosmic-Ray Electrons in Supernova Remnants
• Phase Diagram for Magnetic Reconnection in Heliophysical, Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas
• Planck 2013 results. XIII. Galactic CO emission
• The Fractal Density Structure in Supersonic Isothermal Turbulence: Solenoidal versus Compressive Energy Injection
• Bifurcation of planetary building blocks during Solar System formation
• The SILCC project: III. Regulation of star formation and outflows by stellar winds and supernovae
• A far-infrared survey of bow shocks and detached shells around AGB stars and red supergiants
• Cosmic-ray propagation with DRAGON2: I. numerical solver and astrophysical ingredients
• Properties of Hi-GAL clumps in the inner Galaxy]{The Hi-GAL compact source catalogue. I. The physical properties of the clumps in the inner Galaxy ($-71.0^{\circ }<\ell <67.0^{\circ }$)
• 3D Turbulent Reconnection: Theory, Tests and Astrophysical Implications
• Superbubbles and Energetic Particles in the Galaxy. I: Collective effects of particle acceleration
• CMB and SZ effect separation with Constrained Internal Linear Combinations
• Effects of mirror dark matter on neutron stars
• Modeling CO Emission: I. CO as a Column Density Tracer and the X-Factor in Molecular Clouds
• Spectral analysis of the Galactic e+e- annihilation emission
• The properties of the ISM in disc galaxies with stellar feedback
• EVLA Observations Constrain the Environment and Progenitor System of Type Ia Supernova 2011fe
• Energy Spectra of the Soft X-ray Diffuse Emission in Fourteen Fields Observed with Suzaku
• Vertical structure of a supernova-driven turbulent magnetized ISM
• The Far-Infrared--Radio Correlation at High Redshifts: Physical Considerations and Prospects for the Square Kilometer Array
• Galactic electrons and positrons at the Earth:new estimate of the primary and secondary fluxes
• Modelling CO formation in the turbulent interstellar medium
• Modelling the supernova-driven ISM in different environments
• VINTERGATAN I: The origins of chemically, kinematically and structurally distinct discs in a simulated Milky Way-mass galaxy
• Cosmic Ray Transport in the Galaxy: a Review
• Are the Models for Type Ia Supernova Progenitors Consistent with the Properties of Supernova Remnants?
• Low-Mach-number turbulence in interstellar gas revealed by radio polarization gradients
• New limit of ${}^{244}$Pu on Earth points to rarity of actinide nucleosynthesis
• The Mouse That Soared: High Resolution X-ray Imaging of the Pulsar-Powered Bow Shock G359.23-0.82
• A new determination of the local dark matter density from the kinematics of K dwarfs
• Magnetic field amplification in turbulent astrophysical plasmas
• The sonic scale revealed by the world's largest supersonic turbulence simulation
• Galactic cosmic rays after the AMS-02 observations
• The Fate of High-Velocity Clouds: Warm or Cold Cosmic Rain?
• Protostars: Forges of cosmic rays?
• The physics of the fundamental metallicity relation
• Simulating the interstellar medium and stellar feedback on a moving mesh: Implementation and isolated galaxies
• A Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique to sample transport and source parameters of Galactic cosmic rays: II. Results for the diffusion model combining B/C and radioactive nuclei
• The Galactic Centre Chimney
• How long does it take to form a molecular cloud?
• Destruction of Interstellar Dust in Evolving Supernova Remnant Shock Waves
• Large scale galactic turbulence: can self-gravity drive the observed HI velocity dispersions?
• Gamma-ray sky points to radial gradients in cosmic-ray transport
• The Turbulent Warm Ionized Medium: Emission Measure Distribution and MHD Simulations
• The Southern Galactic Plane Survey: Polarized Radio Continuum Observations and Analysis
• A tale of two DIGs: The relative role of HII regions and low-mass hot evolved stars in powering the diffuse ionised gas (DIG) in PHANGS-MUSE galaxies
• Gas flow in barred potentials
• Impact of low-energy cosmic rays on star formation
• Turbulence, Magnetic Reconnection in Turbulent Fluids and Energetic Particle Acceleration
• Velocity Gradients as a Tracer for Magnetic Fields
• Unified interpretation of cosmic-ray nuclei and antiproton recent measurements
• Understanding the H2/HI Ratio in Galaxies
• Simulations of magnetized multiphase galactic disk regulated by supernovae explosions
• AMS-02 beryllium data and its implication for cosmic ray transport
• The Generation and Dissipation of Interstellar Turbulence - Results from Large Scale High Resolution Simulations
• Statistical Analysis of Supernova Remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Baryon Cycles in the Biggest Galaxies
• Plasma Physics of Extreme Astrophysical Environments
• Vertical Equilibrium, Energetics, and Star Formation Rates in Magnetized Galactic Disks Regulated by Momentum Feedback from Supernovae
• The Fermi-LAT GeV Excess Traces Stellar Mass in the Galactic Bulge
• Connecting Far-Infrared and Radio Morphologies of Disk Galaxies: Cosmic-Ray Electron Diffusion After Star Formation Episodes
• The density structure and star formation rate of non-isothermal polytropic turbulence
• The supernova-regulated ISM. I. The multi-phase structure
• Morphological evidence for azimuthal variations of the cosmic ray ion acceleration at the blast wave of SN 1006
• An HST/COS legacy survey of high-velocity ultraviolet absorption in the Milky Way's circumgalactic medium and the Local Group
• Gas flow in barred potentials - III. Effects of varying the Quadrupole
• Antiprotons from dark matter annihilation in the Galaxy: astrophysical uncertainties
• Novel cosmic-ray electron and positron constraints on MeV dark matter particles
• SILCC VI -- Multi-phase ISM structure, stellar clustering, and outflows with supernovae, stellar winds, ionising radiation and cosmic rays
• Constraints on the Cosmic-Ray Density Gradient beyond the Solar Circle from Fermi gamma-ray Observations of the Third Galactic Quadrant
• The Cosmic Decline in the H2/HI-Ratio in Galaxies
• On the size distribution of supernova remnants in the Magellanic Clouds
• ISM composition through X-ray spectroscopy of LMXBs
• Diffuse Galactic gamma ray flux at very high energy
• High Resolution Spectroscopy of Balmer-Dominated Shocks in the RCW 86, Kepler and SN 1006 Supernova Remnants
• The lives and deaths of positrons in the interstellar medium
• Episodic accretion: the interplay of infall and disc instabilities
• Mapping the Magnetic Interstellar Medium in Three Dimensions Over the Full Sky with Neutral Hydrogen
• The ISM in spiral galaxies: can cooling in spiral shocks produce molecular clouds?
• The Galactic Positron Annihilation Radiation & The Propagation of Positrons in the Interstellar Medium
• Cosmic-ray transport from AMS-02 B/C data: benchmark models and interpretation
• Turbulent Reconnection and Its Implications
• Efficient early stellar feedback can suppress galactic outflows by reducing supernova clustering
• Simulations of the star-forming molecular gas in an interacting M51-like galaxy
• A Virtual Sky with Extragalactic HI and CO Lines for the SKA and ALMA
• Testing Local Realism into the Past without Detection and Locality Loopholes
• The nonlinear development of the thermal instability in the atomic ISM and its interaction with random fluctuations
• Magnetic Fields in the Milky Way
• Faraday tomography of the local interstellar medium with LOFAR: Galactic foregrounds towards IC342
• Recurrent gas accretion by massive star clusters, multiple stellar populations and mass thresholds for spherical stellar systems
• Where do the AMS-02 anti-helium events come from?
• Detection of the Small Magellanic Cloud in gamma-rays with Fermi/LAT
• Plasmoid Instability in Forming Current Sheets
• The origin of physical variations in the star formation law
• A dynamical model of supernova feedback: gas outflows from the interstellar medium
• The structure of the thermally bistable and turbulent atomic gas in the local interstellar medium
• The large-scale properties of simulated cosmological magnetic fields
• High-resolution radio continuum survey of M33: III. Magnetic fields
• Physical Processes in Star Formation
• Formation of Cold Filamentary Structure from Wind Blown Superbubbles
• Positron transport in the interstellar medium
• Origin of Small-Scale Anisotropies in Galactic Cosmic Rays
• Radio haloes in nearby galaxies modelled with 1D cosmic-ray transport using SPINNAKER
• High-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of the Interstellar Medium
• The low rate of Galactic pevatrons
• Propagation of galactic cosmic rays in the presence of self-generated turbulence
• Modelling ultraviolet-line diagnostics of stars, the ionized and the neutral interstellar medium in star-forming galaxies
• Resonant drag instability of grains streaming in fluids
• From diffuse gas to dense molecular cloud cores
• Structure distribution and turbulence in self-consistently supernova-driven ISM of multiphase magnetized galactic discs
• X-ray Observations of Parsec-Scale Tails behind Two Middle-Aged Pulsars
• Incorporation of cosmic ray transport into the ZEUS MHD code. Application for studies of Parker instability in the ISM
• The Origin of the Hot Gas in the Galactic Halo: Confronting Models with XMM-Newton Observations
• Measuring the mixing scale of the ISM within nearby spiral galaxies
• The Three-Dimensional Spatial Distribution of Interstellar Gas in the Milky Way: Implications for Cosmic Rays and High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emissions
• Earth matter effects in supernova neutrinos: Optimal detector locations
• Properties of Interstellar Turbulence from Gradients of Linear Radio Polarization Maps
• Probing interstellar turbulence in cirrus with deep optical imaging: no sign of energy dissipation at 0.01 pc scale
• Revised Distances to 21 Supernova Remnants
• New Distances to Four Supernova Remnants
• Annihilation Emission from the Galactic Black Hole
• Cosmic ray induced ionisation of a molecular cloud shocked by the W28 supernova remnant
• Offset between stellar spiral arms and gas arms of the Milky Way
• Tracing outflows in the AGN forbidden region with SINFONI
• The Physical Nature of Neutral Hydrogen Intensity Structure
• The SILCC project - V. The impact of magnetic fields on the chemistry and the formation of molecular clouds
• X-Ray Spectroscopy of SN 1006 with Suzaku
• Radial gas motions in The HI Nearby Galaxy Survey (THINGS)
• Time-resolved characterization of the formation of a collisionless shock
• The Dynamics of Interstellar Asteroids and Comets within the Galaxy: an Assessment of Local Candidate Source Regions for 1I/`Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov
• On the radial distribution of Galactic cosmic rays
• Galactic Center Gas Clouds and Novel Bounds on Ultra-Light Dark Photon, Vector Portal, Strongly Interacting, Composite, and Super-Heavy Dark Matter
• Cosmic rays in molecular clouds probed by H${}_2$ rovibrational lines -- Perspectives for the James Webb Space Telescope
• Plasma turbulence in the interstellar medium
• Habitable Zones in the Universe
• Anisotropic diffusion of galactic cosmic ray protons and their steady-state azimuthal distribution
• Heating up the Galaxy with Hidden Photons
• The Redshift Evolution of the Mass Function of Cold Gas in Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Models
• Critically-rotating accretors and non-conservative evolution in Algols
• Tunneling in a very slow ion-molecule reaction
• The Local Bubble: a magnetic veil to our Galaxy
• Galactic disk winds driven by cosmic ray pressure
• Supernova Remnants in the Local Group I: A model for the radio luminosity function and visibility times of supernova remnants
• Dark-matter admixed white dwarfs
• Advective and diffusive cosmic ray transport in galactic haloes
• The Cosmic Ray Intensity Near the Archean Earth
• Histogram of oriented gradients: a technique for the study of molecular cloud formation
• Rotation curve fitting and its fatal attraction to cores in realistically simulated galaxy observations
• Herschel Galactic plane survey of [NII] fine structure emission
• Abundance and temperature of the outer hot circum-Galactic medium: The SRG/eROSITA view of the soft X-ray background in the eFEDS field
• Introducing TIGRESS-NCR: I. Co-Regulation of the Multiphase Interstellar Medium and Star Formation Rates
• Experimental observation of a current-driven instability in a neutral electron-positron beam
• Magnetohydrodynamic-Particle-in-Cell Simulations of the Cosmic-Ray Streaming Instability: Linear Growth and Quasi-linear Evolution
• The Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays as Revealed by their Composition
• Filament formation in wind-cloud interactions. II. Clouds with turbulent density, velocity, and magnetic fields
• Secondary antiprotons as a Galactic Dark Matter probe
• SILCC VII -- Gas kinematics and multiphase outflows of the simulated ISM at high gas surface densities
• Ionized Gas in the Smith Cloud
• Photochemistry and Heating/Cooling of the Multiphase Interstellar Medium with UV Radiative Transfer for Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
• Evidence for chimney breakout in the Galactic supershell GSH 242-03+37
• Synchrotron Constraints on a Hybrid Cosmic-Ray and Thermally-Driven Galactic Wind
• The Role of the Magnetic Field in the Interstellar Medium of the Post-Starburst Dwarf Irregular Galaxy NGC 1569
• Environments for Magnetic Field Amplification by Cosmic Rays
• The First Maps of ${\kappa }_d$ -- the Dust Mass Absorption Coefficient -- in Nearby Galaxies, with DustPedia
• X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of the Multi-phase Interstellar Medium: Oxygen and Neon Abundances
• Equipartition and Cosmic Ray Energy Densities in Central Molecular Zones of Starbursts
• Gaussian decomposition of HI surveys. III. Local HI
• Galactic Spiral Shocks with Thermal Instability
• Low energy cosmic rays
• Galactic diffuse gamma rays meet the PeV frontier
• Chandra observations of the pulsar PSR B1929+10 and its environment
• Does the CO-to-H2 conversion factor depend on the star formation rate?
• Cosmic rays in galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields
• Galactic interstellar turbulence in the southern sky seen through spatial gradients of the polarization vector
• Gamma rays as probes of cosmic-ray propagation and interactions in galaxies
• Nonlinear Parker Instability with the Effect of Cosmic-Ray Diffusion
• High resolution X-ray spectroscopy of the multiphase interstellar medium toward Cyg X-2
• Gamma-ray observations of the Orion Molecular Clouds with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• Dynamo coefficients from local simulations of the turbulent ISM
• Fermi-LAT Observations of High- and Intermediate-Velocity Clouds: Tracing Cosmic Rays in the Halo of the Milky Way
• Diffuse Emission of Galactic High-Energy Neutrinos from a Global Fit of Cosmic Rays
• The Galactic Magneto-Ionic Medium Survey: Moments of the Faraday Spectra
• H-alpha and Free-Free Emission from the WIM
• Explaining the luminosity spread in young clusters: proto and pre-main sequence stellar evolution in a molecular cloud environment
• Milky Way Disk-Halo Transition in HI: Properties of the Cloud Population
• Phase separation and nucleation in mixtures of particles with different temperatures
• Gravitational scattering of stars and clusters and the heating of the Galactic disk
• Diffuse Neutrino and Gamma-ray Emissions of the Galaxy above the TeV
• The Positron Puzzle
• Simulating magnetic fields in the Antennae galaxies
• Turbulence in the outer heliosphere
• Young and turbulent: the early life of massive galaxy progenitors
• Discovery of a highly energetic pulsar associated with IGR J14003-6326 in a young uncataloged Galactic supernova remnant G310.6-1.6
• The theory of cosmic-ray scattering on pre-existing MHD modes meets data
• The Interaction of Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars with the Interstellar Medium
• The fate of the gaseous disks of galaxies that fall into clusters
• Compositional Diversity Among Primitive Asteroids
• Fast Radio Burst dispersion measures and rotation measures and the origin of intergalactic magnetic fields
• Galactic interstellar filaments as probed by LOFAR and Planck
• Towards understanding the relation between the gas and the attenuation in galaxies at kpc scales
• A new probe of line-of-sight magnetic field tangling
• The pinching method for Galactic cosmic ray positrons: implications in the light of precision measurements
• Robust cosmic-ray constraints on $p$-wave annihilating MeV dark matter
• The history of dynamics and stellar feedback revealed by the HI filamentary structure in the disk of the Milky Way
• Discovery of massive star formation quenching by nonthermal effects in the center of NGC 1097
• Subsurface Exolife
• Breaks in interstellar spectra of positrons and electrons derived from time-dependent AMS data
• The Nature of Ionized Gas in the Milky Way Galactic Fountain
• 3D Dust Mapping Reveals that Orion Forms Part of a Large Ring of Dust
• Simulations of cosmic ray propagation
• Planck intermediate results. XXXIV. The magnetic field structure in the Rosette Nebula
• Cosmic ray propagation in galactic turbulence
• Production of secondary particles and nuclei in cosmic rays collisions with the interstellar gas using the FLUKA code
• Updated Kinematic Constraints on a Dark Disk
• Stochastic Fluctuations of Low-Energy Cosmic Rays and the Interpretation of Voyager Data
• Extragalactic Magnetism with SOFIA (Legacy Program) -- I: The magnetic field in the multi-phase interstellar medium of M51
• GW150914-like Black Holes as Galactic High-Energy Sources
• The Galactic dynamics revealed by the filamentary structure in atomic hydrogen emission
• New Limits on Charged Dark Matter from Large-Scale Coherent Magnetic Fields
• Elemental Abundances in the Possible Type Ia Supernova Remnant G344.7-0.1
• The impact of magnetic fields on cosmological galaxy mergers. I: Reshaping gas and stellar discs
• An Investigation of Diffuse Interstellar Gas toward a Large, Low Extinction Window into the Inner Galaxy
• Modeling the kinematics of the decelerating jets from the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1348$-$630
• Interplay between intermittency and dissipation in collisionless plasma turbulence
• LOFAR MSSS: Flattening low-frequency radio continuum spectra of nearby galaxies
• A Fundamental Plane of Spiral Structure in Disk Galaxies
• An enormous molecular gas flow in the RXJ0821+0752 galaxy cluster
• Cosmic ray driven winds in the Galactic environment and the cosmic ray spectrum
• A possible approach to three-dimensional cosmic-ray propagation in the Galaxy IV. Electrons and electron-induced gamma-rays
• Rotation measure synthesis at the 2 m wavelength of the FAN region: Unveiling screens and bubbles
• Effect of the heating rate on the stability of the three-phase interstellar medium
• Diffuse γ-ray emission from self-confined cosmic rays around Galactic sources
• Features in cosmic-ray lepton data unveil the properties of nearby cosmic accelerators
• HI Clouds in the Lower Halo: I. The Galactic All-Sky Survey Pilot Region
• The Global Magneto-Ionic Medium Survey: Polarimetry of the Southern Sky from 300 to 480 MHz
• The effect of non-equilibrium metal cooling on the interstellar medium
• PHANGS-MUSE: Detection and Bayesian classification of ~40000 ionised nebulae in nearby spiral galaxies
• An Extreme Pulsar Tail Protruding from the Frying Pan Supernova Remnant
• Effective area calibration of the Reflection Grating Spectrometers of XMM-Newton. I. X-ray spectroscopy of the Crab nebula
• Parker-Jeans Instability of Gaseous Disks Including the Effect of Cosmic Rays
• Is there a hidden hole in Type Ia supernova remnants?
• The impact of cosmic rays on dynamical balance and disk-halo interaction in Lstar disk galaxies
• Characterizing Cosmic-Ray Propagation in Massive Star-Forming Regions: The Case of 30 Doradus and the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Escape of cosmic rays from the Galaxy and effects on the circumgalactic medium
• CLARA's view on the escape fraction of Lyman-Alpha photons in high redshift galaxies
• A relativistically broadened O VIII Lyalpha line in the ultra-compact X-ray binary 4U 0614+091
• CHANG-ES XXIII: Influence of a galactic wind in NGC 5775
• Through thick or thin: Multiple components of the magneto-ionic medium towards the nearby $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{II}$ region Sharpless 2-27 revealed by Faraday tomography
• On the progressive hardening of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum in the inner Galaxy
• Interstellar Gas and a Dark Disk
• Radio Synchrotron Fluctuation Statistics as a Probe of Magnetized Interstellar Turbulence
• Low Frequency Carbon Radio Recombination Lines I: Calculations of Departure Coefficients
• 74 MHz Discrete HII Absorption Regions Towards The Inner Galaxy
• An Ultra-long Wavelength Sky Model with Absorption Effect
• Turbulent diffusion of streaming cosmic rays in compressible, partially ionised plasma
• FLUKA cross sections for cosmic-ray interactions with the DRAGON2 code
• The distribution of mean and fluctuating magnetic fields in the multi-phase ISM
• The Global Magneto-Ionic Medium Survey: A Faraday Depth Survey of the Northern Sky Covering 1280-1750 MHz
• Numerical simulations of axisymmetric hydrodynamical Bondi-Hoyle accretion onto a compact object
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: a new method to estimate molecular gas surface densities from star formation rates
• Emission Measures and Emission-measure-weighted Temperatures of Shocked ISM and Ejecta in Supernova Remnants
• Supernovae and the Chirality of the Amino Acids
• Discovery of ASKAP J173608.2-321635 as a Highly-Polarized Transient Point Source with the Australian SKA Pathfinder
• Testing a Dynamical Equilibrium Model of the Extraplanar Diffuse Ionized Gas in NGC 891
• Testing the Dark Matter Interpretation of the PAMELA Excess through Measurements of the Galactic Diffuse Emission
• An all-sky 3D dust map Based on Gaia and LAMOST
• High precision modeling of polarized signals: Moment expansion method generalized to spin-2 fields
• The Fan Region at 1.5 GHz. I: Polarized synchrotron emission extending beyond the Perseus Arm
• The small-scale dynamo in a multiphase supernova-driven medium
• Probing the cold magnetized Universe with SPICA-POL (B-BOP)
• Grammage of cosmic rays in the proximity of supernova remnants embedded in a partially ionized medium
• Observational signatures of cosmic ray interactions in molecular clouds
• Influence of Ion-Neutral Damping on the Cosmic-Ray Streaming Instability: Magnetohydrodynamic Particle-in-cell Simulations
• Giant cosmic ray halos around M31 and the Milky Way
• Galactic Spiral Shocks with Thermal Instability in Vertically Stratified Galactic Disks
• Is There a Dark Matter Signal in the Galactic Positron Annihilation Radiation?
• Bow shocks, bow waves, and dust waves. I. Strong coupling limit
• Magnetic field transport from disk to halo via the galactic chimney process in NGC 6946
• Chandra X-Ray Study of Galactic Supernova Remnant G299.2-2.9
• The Magnetic Field of the Irregular Galaxy NGC 4214
• Formation of interstellar complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations of dehydrogenated benzene
• The relation between the turbulent Mach number and observed fractal dimensions of turbulent clouds
• The Velocity Statistics of Turbulent Clouds in the Presence of Gravity, Magnetic fields, Radiation, and Outflow Feedback
• GARROTXA Cosmological Simulations of Milky Way-sized Galaxies: General Properties, Hot Gas Distribution, and Missing Baryons
• Annihilation emission from young supernova remnants
• Parametric study of non-relativistic electrostatic shocks and the structure of their transition layer
• Spatial Dependent Diffusion of Cosmic Rays and the Excess of Primary Electrons Derived from High Precision Measurements by AMS-02
• A lack of constraints on the cold opaque HI mass: HI spectra in M31 and M33 prefer multi-component models over a single cold opaque component
• Magnetic fields in galactic haloes
• The energy distribution of the first supernovae
• New determination of the production cross section for secondary positrons and electrons in the Galaxy
• A simple determination of the halo size $L$ from ${}^{10}$Be/${}^9$Be data
• Molecular Cloud Evolution VI. Measuring cloud ages
• An Introduction to Gas Accretion onto Galaxies
• Particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification in massive young stellar object jets
• Gravitational Lensing of Supernova Neutrinos
• X-Ray Emission from Star-Forming Galaxies - Signatures of Cosmic Rays and Magnetic Fields
• GASKAP Pilot Survey Science II: ASKAP Zoom Observations of Galactic 21-cm Absorption
• Interstellar MHD Turbulence and Star Formation
• Nonlinear Evolution of the Resonant Drag Instability in Magnetized Gas
• Galaxy collisions as a mechanism of ultra diffuse galaxy (UDG) formation
• Stochasticity of Cosmic Rays from Supernova Remnants and the Ionization Rates in Molecular Clouds
• Recovering the observed B/C ratio in a dynamic spiral-armed cosmic ray model
• The SATIN project I: Turbulent multi-phase ISM in Milky Way simulations with SNe feedback from stellar clusters
• Gravitational Instability of Exotic Compact Objects
• Density distribution function of a self-gravitating isothermal compressible turbulent fluid in the context of Molecular Clouds ensembles
• IR nebulae around bright massive stars as indicators for binary interactions
• Strong magnetic fields and cosmic rays in very young galaxies
• Towards First-principle Characterization of Cosmic-ray Transport Coefficients from Multi-scale Kinetic Simulations
• FAUST IX. Multi-band, multi-scale dust study of L1527 IRS. Evidence for dust properties variations within the envelope of a Class 0/I YSO
• Clustering Properties of Far-Infrared Sources in Hi-GAL Science Demonstration Phase Fields
• Mass, Morphing, Metallicities: The Evolution of Infalling High Velocity Clouds
• The extent of ionization in simulations of radio-loud AGNs impacting kpc gas discs
• Diffuse Galactic Gamma Rays at intermediate and high latitudes. I. Constraints on the ISM properties
• Interactions between Ultra-High-Energy Particles and Protogalactic Environments
• Reproducing the CO-to-H${}_2$ conversion factor in cosmological simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies
• The relation between the true and observed fractal dimensions of turbulent clouds
• Recognizing the fingerprints of the Galactic bar: a quantitative approach to comparing model (l,v) distributions to observation
• Spatially Coherent 3D Distributions of HI and CO in the Milky Way
• A diffusive origin for the cosmic-ray spectral hardening reveals signatures of a nearbysource in the leptons and protons data
• Impact of the spectral hardening of TeV cosmic rays on the prediction of the secondary positron flux
• Low Frequency Carbon Radio Recombination Lines II: The Diffuse Interstellar Medium
• Structure of a collisionless pair jet in a magnetized electron-proton plasma: flow-aligned magnetic field
• The multifarious ionization sources and disturbed kinematics of extraplanar gas in five low-mass galaxies
• Intermediate mass and heavy Galactic cosmic-ray nuclei: the case of new AMS-02 measurements
• The Launching of Cosmic Ray Driven Outflows
• On the origin and the detection of characteristic axion wiggles in photon spectra
• Ripple patterns in in-plane velocities of OB stars from LAMOST and Gaia
• A new method for spatially resolving the turbulence driving mixture in the ISM with application to the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Constraining the halo size from possible density profiles of hydrogen gas of Milky Way Galaxy
• Nucleon - Light Dark Matter Annihilation through Baryon Number Violation
• Diffuse flux of ultra-high energy photons from cosmic-ray interactions in the disk of the Galaxy and implications for the search for decaying super-heavy dark matter
• The Spectral Energy Distribution of Self-gravitating Interstellar Clouds I. Spheres
• The relative orientation between the magnetic field and gas density structures in non-gravitating turbulent media
• The role of turbulence during the formation of circumbinary discs
• Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics on a moving mesh
• A High Spectral Resolution Study of the Soft X-ray Background with the X-ray Quantum Calorimeter
• The evolution of a slow electrostatic shock into a plasma shock mediated by electrostatic turbulence
• Estimating distance, pressure, and dust opacity using submillimeter observations of self-gravitating filaments
• Dynamics of the Parker-Jeans instability of gaseous disks including the effect of cosmic rays
• Magnetic Reconnection in Astrophysical Environments
• Pulsar interpretation of the lepton spectra measured by AMS-02
• Tracing stars in Milky Way satellites with A-SLOTH
• Chandrasekhar and sub-Chandrasekhar models for the X-ray emission of Type Ia supernova remnants (I): Bulk properties
• Dissecting cold gas in a high-redshift galaxy using a lensed background quasar
• Transition from small-scale to large-scale dynamo in a supernova-driven, multiphase medium
• Interstellar Polarization Survey II: General Interstellar Medium
• Atomic and molecular gas properties during cloud formation
• Modeling the cometary structure of the planetary nebula HFG1 based on the evolution of its binary central star V664 Cas
• Nature of Striation in 21 cm Channel Maps: Velocity Caustics
• A novel prediction for secondary positrons and electrons in the Galaxy
• An Imaging and Spectral Study of Ten X-Ray Filaments around the Galactic Center
• Long-time diffusion and energy transfer in polydisperse mixtures of particles with different temperatures
• Detectability of Wandering Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in the Milky Way Galaxy from Radio to X-rays
• Real and counterfeit cores: how feedback expands halos and disrupts tracers of inner gravitational potential in dwarf galaxies
• Non-linear diffusion of cosmic rays escaping from supernova remnants: Cold partially neutral atomic and molecular phases
• On the fraction of dark matter in charged massive particles (CHAMPs)
• The first detection of radio recombination lines at cosmological distances
• Galaxy Evolution: Modeling the Role of Non-thermal Pressure in the Interstellar medium
• Multi-messenger constraints on dark matter annihilation into electron-positron pairs
• Compression of turbulent magnetized gas in Giant Molecular Clouds
• Gamma-Ray Puzzles in Cygnus X: Implications for High-Energy Neutrinos
• The turbulent life of dust grains in the supernova-driven, multi-phase interstellar medium
• The Magnetohydrodynamic-Particle-In-Cell Module in Athena++: Implementation and Code Tests
• Peering into the Milky Way by FAST: II. Ionized gas in the inner Galactic disk revealed by the piggyback line observations of the FAST GPPS survey
• Galactic coronae in Milky Way-like galaxies: the role of stellar feedback in gas accretion
• The interaction of a magnetohydrodynamical shock with a filament
• The "Maggie" filament: Physical properties of a giant atomic cloud
• Fast Molecular Cloud Destruction Requires Fast Cloud Formation
• Multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 509 IX. The Galactic foreground
• Multiwavelength Campaign on Mrk 509 X. Lower limit on the distance of the absorber from HST COS and STIS spectroscopy
• Damping of Electron Density Structures and Implications for Interstellar Scintillation
• Polarised emission from aligned dust grains in nearby galaxies: predictions from the Auriga simulations
• Advanced Diagnostics for the Study of Linearly Polarized Emission. II: Application to Diffuse Interstellar Radio Synchrotron Emission
• Numerical viscosity and resistivity in MHD turbulence simulations
• Electron Distribution in the Galactic Disk - Results From a Non-Equilibrium Ionization Model of the ISM
• A Dynamical Study of Extraplanar Diffuse Ionized Gas in NGC 5775
• Multi-Phase ISM in the z = 5.7 Hyperluminous Starburst SPT0346-52
• Dust bombardment can explain the extremely elongated shape of 1I/'Oumuamua and the lack of interstellar objects
• Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC
• The supernova-regulated ISM -- VI. Magnetic effects on the structure of the interstellar medium
• Associated 21-cm HI absorption towards the radio galaxy 3C452 (J2245+3941)
• ALMA detection of parsec-scale blobs at the head of kiloparsec-scale jet in the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068
• Galactic synchrotron emissivity measurements between 250° < l < 355° from the GLEAM survey with the MWA
• Simulating intergalactic quasar scintillation
• Constraining regular and turbulent magnetic field strengths in M51 via Faraday depolarization
• Studying Anisotropy of Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence by Synchrotron Polarization Intensity
• Pressure from dark matter annihilation and the rotation curve of spiral galaxies
• Probes of turbulent driving mechanisms in molecular clouds from fluctuations in synchrotron intensity
• Nonsecondary origin of cosmic ray positrons
• The fate of the interstellar medium in early-type galaxies. III. The mechanism of ISM removal and quenching of star formation
• Re-visiting the bounds on hydrogen-antihydrogen oscillations from diffuse $\gamma$-ray surveys
• Cosmic ray driven galactic winds
• disnht: modeling X-ray absorption from distributed column densities
• Bayesian inference of three-dimensional gas maps: I. Galactic CO
• Analytical and numerical studies of central galactic outflows powered by tidal disruption events -- a model for the Fermi bubbles?
• A panoptic view of the Taurus molecular cloud I. The cloud dynamics revealed by gas emission and 3D dust
• Theory and Applications of Non-Relativistic and Relativistic Turbulent Reconnection
• Towards an understanding of long gamma-ray burst environments through circumstellar medium population synthesis predictions
• Magnetic fields near the peripheries of galactic discs
• Studying the Interstellar Medium and the inner region of NPS/Loop 1 with shadow observations toward MBM36
• Reconciling the diffuse Galactic gamma-ray and the cosmic ray spectra
• The Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array Local Group L-band Survey (LGLBS)
• Dark-matter-like solutions to Einstein's unified field equations
• Low frequency radio continuum imaging and SED modeling of 11 LIRGs: radio-only and FUV to radio bands
• Spinning Bar and a Star-formation Inefficient Repertoire: Turbulence in Hickson Compact Group NGC7674
• The origin of the structure of large-scale magnetic fields in disc galaxies
• Influence of Ohmic diffusion on the excitation and dynamics of MRI
• The role of previous generations of stars in triggering star formation and driving gas dynamics
• The Steady-State Multi-TeV Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission Predicted with GALPROP and Prospects for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• Two Numerical Methods for the 3D Anisotropic Propagation of Galactic Cosmic Rays
• Selected Topics in Cosmic Ray Physics
• The Impact of Early Massive Galaxy Formation on the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Positron Excess from Cosmic Ray Interactions in Galactic Molecular Clouds
• General Polytropic Magnetofluid under Self-Gravity: Voids and Shocks
• G51.04+0.07 and its environment: Identification of a new Galactic supernova remnant at low radio frequencies
• Identification of a Fundamental Transition in a Turbulently-Supported Interstellar Medium
• The Age Evolution of the Radio Morphology of Supernova Remnants
• High-resolution HI and CO observations of high-latitude intermediate-velocity clouds
• Density distribution function of a self-gravitating isothermal compressible turbulent fluid in the context of Molecular Clouds ensembles II: the contribution of the turbulent term and the potential of the outer shells
• The hot interstellar medium towards 4U 1820-30: a Bayesian analysis
• The Global Magneto-Ionic Medium Survey (GMIMS): The brightest polarized region in the Southern sky at 75cm and its implications for Radio Loop II
• A method for reconstructing the Galactic magnetic field using dispersion of fast radio bursts and Faraday rotation of radio galaxies
• Unveiling the nature of galactic TeV sources with IceCube results
• Ionized gas in the Scutum spiral arm as traced in [N II] and [C II]
• The two most recent thermonuclear supernovae in the Local Group: radio constraints on their progenitors and evolution
• Deficient Reasoning for Dark Matter in Galaxies
• Quantifying the Interstellar Medium and Cosmic Rays in the MBM 53, 54, and 55 Molecular Clouds and the Pegasus Loop using Fermi-LAT Gamma-ray Observations
• Magnetic fields: Impact on the rotation curve of the Galaxy
• The Contribution from Scattered Light to Quasar Galaxy Hosts
• Structures in a class of magnetized scale-free discs
• On the structure of the burst and afterglow of Gamma-Ray Bursts I: the radial approximation
• A Comparison of Multi-Phase Magnetic Field Tracers in a High-Galactic Latitude Region of the Filamentary Interstellar Medium
• The Distribution of UV Radiation Field in the Molecular Clouds of Gould Belt
• An "archaeological" quest for galactic supernova neutrinos
• Radio frequency emissions from dark-matter-candidate magnetized quark nuggets interacting with matter
• Inefficient star formation in high Mach number environments I. The turbulent support analytical model
• A more detailed look at Galactic magnetic field models: using free-free absorption in HII regions
• How bad could it be? Modelling the 3D complexity of the polarised dust signal using moment expansion
• Microquasar jet-cocoon systems as PeVatrons
• Supernova Remnants as Clues to Their Progenitors
• The supernova-regulated ISM. IV. A comparison of simulated polarization with Planck observations
• VTC J095517.5+690813: A radio transient from an accretion-induced collapse of a white dwarf?
• XMM-Newton Survey of Local OVII Absorption Lines in the Spectra of Galactic X-ray Sources
• Global Perturbation Configurations in a Composite Disc System with an Isopedic Magnetic Field
• Magnetically Regulated Gas Accretion in High-Redshift Galactic Disks
• Global distribution of far-ultraviolet emissions from highly ionized gas in the Milky Way
• Weighing the Local Interstellar Medium using Gamma Rays and Dust
• The Solar System's passage through the Radcliffe wave during the middle Miocene
• A Unified Phenomenology of Ion Heating in Low-$\beta$ Plasmas: Test-Particle Simulations
• Exploring the potential X-ray counterpart of the puzzling TeV gamma-ray source HESS J1507-622 with new Suzaku observations
• Setting an upper limit for the total TeV neutrino flux from the disk of our Galaxy
• Search for Features in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron spectrum measured by the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• Ghost of a Shell: Magnetic Fields of Galactic Supershell GSH 006$-$15$+$7
• Outflows in the presence of cosmic rays and waves
• Outflows in the presence of cosmic rays and waves with cooling
• Formation of dust filaments in the diffuse envelopes of molecular clouds
• Radio-only and Radio-to-far-ultraviolet Spectral Energy Distribution Modeling of 14 ULIRGs: Insights into the Global Properties of Infrared Bright Galaxies
• Discovery of a Synchrotron Bubble Associated with PSR J1015-5719
• A tale of cosmic rays narrated in gamma rays by Fermi
• Radiative transfer of hydrogen lines from supernova remnant shock waves: contributions of 2s-state hydrogen atoms
• LHAASO protons versus LHAASO diffuse gamma-rays: a consistency check
• Indirect dark matter searches: towards a consistent top-bottom approach for studying the gamma-ray signals and associated backgrounds
• Interstellar absorption and dust scattering
• Detonative Propagation and Accelerative Expansion of the Crab Nebula Shock Front
• CHANG-ES: XXXVI. The thin and thick radio discs
• A new method of reconstructing Galactic three-dimensional structures using ultralong-wavelength radio observations
• Magnetic instability in a dilute circular rarefaction wave
• An experiment to test the discreteness of time
• Anisotropy as a Probe of the Galactic Cosmic Ray Propagation and the Galactic Halo Magnetic Field
• Observational evidences for the existence of 17.4 keV decaying degenerate sterile neutrinos near the Galactic Center
• The population of Galactic supernova remnants in the TeV range
• Probing local cosmic rays using Fermi-LAT observation of a mid-latitude region in the third Galactic quadrant
• Polarization Gradient Study of Interstellar Medium Turbulence Using The Canadian Galactic Plane Survey
• Multi-scale simulations of black hole accretion in barred galaxies: Self-gravitating disk models
• 3D mapping of the neutral X-ray absorption in the local interstellar medium: The Gaia and XMM-Newton synergy
• Examining the secondary product origin of cosmic ray positrons with the latest AMS-02 data
• Cold Positrons from Decaying Dark Matter
• Bayesian decomposition of the Galactic multi-frequency sky using probabilistic autoencoders
• The pros and cons of the inversion method approach to derive 3D dust emission properties of the ISM: the Hi-GAL field centred on (l,b)=(30${}^{\circ }$,0${}^{\circ }$)
• The Impact of Cosmic Ray Injection on Magnetic Flux Tubes in a Galactic Disk
• Cosmic Ray e^+/(e^- + e^+) and pbar/p Ratios Explained by an Injection Model Based on Gamma-ray Observations
• The dynamical impact of cosmic rays in the Rhea magnetohydrodynamics simulations
• The Noctua Suite of Simulations -- The Difficulty of Growing Massive Black Holes in Low-Mass Dwarf Galaxies
• Magnetic fields and cosmic rays in M31. II. Strength and distribution of the magnetic field components
• Two-dimensional AMR simulations of colliding flows
• Gas and Cosmic-Ray Properties in the MBM 53, 54, and 55 Molecular Clouds and the Pegasus Loop as Revealed by HI Line Profiles, Dust, and Gamma-Ray Data
• Linking high-z and low-z: Are We Observing the Progenitors of the Milky Way with JWST?
• CRexit: how different cosmic ray transport modes affect thermal instability in the circumgalactic medium
• Interplay between Physics and Geometry in Balmer filaments: the Case of SN 1006
• Transport parameters from AMS-02 F/Si data and fluorine source abundance
• Modelling of long gamma-ray burst host galaxies at cosmic noon from damped Lyman-α absorption statistics
• Multi-phase gas properties of extremely strong intervening DLAs towards quasars
• The influence of cosmic-rays on the magnetorotational instability
• Probing Milky Way's hot gas halo density distribution using the dispersion measure of pulsars
• Testing spatial uniformity of the CR spectrum in the local ISM with gamma-ray observations
• Global MRI with Braginskii viscosity in a galactic profile
• Testing the Momentum-driven Supernova Feedback Paradigm in M31
• A large-scale, regular intergalactic magnetic field associated with Stephan's Quintet?
• A cosmic-ray loaded nascent outflow driven by a massive star cluster
• Stochastic modelling of cosmic ray sources for diffuse high-energy gamma-rays and neutrinos
• Chemical Evolution in Nuclear Stellar Discs
• Statistical Analysis of Point-like Sources in Chandra Galactic Center Survey
• Interstellar HI Shells Identified in the SETHI Survey
• Density profile of a self-gravitating polytropic turbulent fluid in a rotating disk near to the cloud core
• Diffusion of relativistic charged particles and field lines in isotropic turbulence: I. Numerical simulations
• Density distribution function of a self-gravitating isothermal turbulent fluid in the context of molecular clouds ensembles -- III. Virial analysis
• Probing the detectability of electromagnetic signatures from Galactic isolated black holes
• Investigating the CREDIT history of supernova remnants as cosmic-ray sources
• Constraints on Galaxy Structure and Evolution from the Light of Nearby Systems
• Study of the Cosmic Rays and Interstellar Medium in Local HI Clouds using Fermi-LAT Gamma-Ray Observations
• Impact of the external radiation field on the structure and evolution of supernova remnants
• Interpolation techniques for reconstructing Galactic Faraday rotation
• The Vertical Structure and Asymmetry of Mg ii-enriched Gas in the Milky Way Disk
• Cosmic Rays and Non-thermal Emission Induced by Accretion of Cool Gas onto the Galactic Disk
• Accurate positions for the ULXs NGC 7319-X4 and NGC 5474-X1 and limiting magnitudes for their optical counterparts
• Observational Signatures of Galactic Turbulent Dynamos
• Can galactic magnetic fields diffuse into the voids?
• A new method to probe the thermal electron content of the Galaxy through spectral analysis of background sources
• On optical transmittance of ultra diluted gas
• CHANG-ES XXXVII. Effects of spectral aging on radio scale heights
• The GALPROP Cosmic-ray Propagation and Non-thermal Emissions Framework: Release v57
• Revisiting the Temperature of the Diffuse ISM with CHESS Sounding Rocket Observations
• Linear Analysis and Simulations of the Cosmic-Ray Streaming Instability: the Importance of Oblique Waves
• Modeling the Disk (three-phase) Interstellar Medium
• Supernova-driven interstellar turbulence and the galactic dynamo
• Supernova remnants, planetary nebulae and superbubbles: prospects for new XMM-Newton observations
• Interplay between the non-resonant streaming instability and self-generated pressure anisotropies
• Interaction of a high-mass X-ray binary with the interstellar medium through stellar wind. The case of GX 301-2
• Interaction Between Rogue HI Clouds and the Magnetic Field High Above the Galaxy
• M Star Astrosphere Size Fluctuations and Habitable Planet Descreening
• Supernovae, Neutrinos, and the Chirality of the Amino Acids
• Photoionized gas in hydrostatic equilibrium: the role of gravity
• Cosmic positron excess: is the dark matter solution a good bet?
• Studying the multi-phase interstellar medium in the Large Magellanic Cloud with SRG/eROSITA -- I. Analysis of diffuse X-ray emission
• The universality of the relation between magnetic fields and star formation in galaxies
• ARCHITECTS I: Impact of subgrid physics on the simulated properties of the circumgalactic medium
• Cold atomic gas identified by HI self-absorption. Cold atomic clouds toward giant molecular filaments
• Jet from the enigmatic high-latitude star BP Psc and evolutionary status of its driving source
• The study of colliding molecular clumps evolution
• Cosmic Radioactivity and Galactic Chemical Evolution
• Implications of scattering for CMB foreground emission modelling
• On the stochastic nature of Galactic cosmic-ray sources
• Self-confinement of low-energy cosmic rays around supernova remnants
• Effects of self-generated turbulence on Galactic Cosmic Ray propagation and associated diffuse gamma-ray emission
• The Effects of Cosmic-Ray Diffusion and Radiative Cooling on the Galactic Wind from the Milky Way
• A MINOT-based Study of Gamma-ray emission from SPT-CL J2012-5649/Abell 3667
• The contribution of neutral gas to Faraday tomographic data at low frequencies. A first extensive comparison between real and synthetic data
• Measuring the smearing of the Galactic 511 keV signal: positron propagation or supernova kicks?
• Density profile of a self-gravitating polytropic turbulent fluid in the context of ensembles of molecular clouds
• The contribution of stars, dust, neutral gas and supermassive black holes in galaxies to the cosmic baryon inventory
• Wind accretion onto compact objects
• Probing the magneto-ionic medium of the Milky Way using pulsars
• Momentum deposition of supernovae with cosmic rays
• Interpreting the LHAASO Galactic diffuse emission data
• Redshifted civilizations, galactic empires, and the Fermi paradox
• Stability of thermal structures with an internal heating source
• Stochastic modelling of cosmic-ray sources for Galactic diffuse emissions
• Correlation Analysis between Tibet AS-$\gamma$ TeV Cosmic Ray and WMAP Nine-year Data
• H2 MAGIE: H2 as a Major Agent to Galaxy Interaction and Evolution
• Solving the Nonlinear Vlasov Equation on a Quantum Computer
• Star Formation
• Oxygen and Aluminum-Magnesium Isotopic Systematics of Presolar Nanospinel Grains from CI Chondrite Orgueil
• Magnetic reconnection in partially ionized plasmas