Probing the detectability of electromagnetic signatures from Galactic isolated black holes
arXiv:2506.23427 · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202554910
Abstract
Context: A large number of isolated black holes (IBHs) are expected to populate the Galaxy. However, only one has been confirmed by the analysis of a microlensing event, and no confirmed emission detection from an IBH has been reported so far. Aims: We analysed the detectability of electromagnetic signatures from IBHs moving in the Galaxy. Methods: We considered accretion from the interstellar medium onto an IBH and assumed the formation of an outflow. We modelled the accretion process and the interaction of the outflow with the surrounding medium on large scales, including mechanical feedback on the accretion process. Furthermore, we also calculated the emission from three different regions: the accretion region, the radiation from the outflow medium interaction structure, and the emission of relativistic particles that diffuse in the surrounding medium. Results: Multiwavelength emission associated with Galactic IBHs can be detected in systems moving through a very dense medium. Thermal emission from accretion could be observed in the mid infrared and in hard X rays with current and forthcoming observatories. Thermal and non thermal emission from the outflow medium shock could also be detected in the radio and millimetre ranges. Moreover, detection of the emission from particles diffusing in a dense medium could be feasible in gamma rays. Applying our model to the IBH associated with the gravitational microlensing event MOA2011BLG191 OGLE2011BLG0462, we inferred that radio and infrared detection of the IBH is plausible. Also, we derived that IBHs could be modest Galactic cosmic ray contributors, potentially reaching a 1% contribution at 1 PeV. Finally, by extending our model to primordial black holes, we conclude that efficient leptonic acceleration in their outflow medium interactions would rule them out as a major dark matter component.
15 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the section "2. Astrophysical processes" of Astronomy & Astrophysics
References in corpus (21)
- Binary interaction dominates the evolution of massive stars
- Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter
- Jet-dominated advective systems: radio and X-ray luminosity dependence on the accretion rate
- An isolated mass gap black hole or neutron star detected with astrometric microlensing
- Accurate determination of the free-free Gaunt factor; I - non-relativistic Gaunt factors
- The Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey IV: continuum imaging at 1367.5 MHz and the first data release of RACS-mid
- Lorentz Factors of compact jets in Black hole X-ray binaries
- The Role of Outflow Feedback on Accretion of Compact Objects in Accretion Disk of Active Galactic Nuclei
- Jets and gamma-ray emission from isolated accreting black holes
- Modelling interstellar structures around Vela X-1
- The effect of outflows on CMB bounds from Primordial Black Hole accretion
- Nonthermal processes in hot accretion flows onto supermassive black holes: An inhomogeneous model
- Radio Emission from Accreting Isolated Black Holes in Our Galaxy
- What is the SKA-Low Sensitivity for Your Favourite Radio Source ?
- High-sensitivity radio study of the non-thermal stellar bow shock EB27
- OGLE-2011-BLG-0462: An Isolated Stellar-Mass Black Hole Confirmed Using New HST Astrometry and Updated Photometry
- Probing the non-thermal physics of stellar bow shocks using radio observations
- 3D hydrodynamical simulations of the impact of mechanical feedback on accretion in supersonic stellar-mass black holes
- Non-thermal emission in hyper-velocity and semi-relativistic stars
- Electromagnetic signatures of black hole clusters in the center of super-Eddington galaxies
- Detection Prospects of Electromagnetic Signatures from OGLE-2011-BLG-0462