Mind your Ps and Qs: the Interrelation between Period (P) and Mass-ratio (Q) Distributions of Binary Stars

Abstract

We compile observations of early-type binaries identified via spectroscopy, eclipses, long-baseline interferometry, adaptive optics, common proper motion, etc. Each observational technique is sensitive to companions across a narrow parameter space of orbital periods P and mass ratios q = M_comp/M_1. After combining the samples from the various surveys and correcting for their respective selection effects, we find the properties of companions to O-type and B-type main-sequence (MS) stars differ among three regimes. First, at short orbital periods P < 20 days (separations a < 0.4 AU), the binaries have small eccentricities e < 0.4, favor modest mass ratios <q> = 0.5, and exhibit a small excess of twins q > 0.95. Second, the companion frequency peaks at intermediate periods log P (days) = 3.5 (a = 10 AU), where the binaries have mass ratios weighted toward small values q = 0.2-0.3 and follow a Maxwellian "thermal" eccentricity distribution. Finally, companions with long orbital periods log P (days) = 5.5-7.5 (a = 200-5,000 AU) are outer tertiary components in hierarchical triples, and have a mass ratio distribution across q = 0.1-1.0 that is nearly consistent with random pairings drawn from the initial mass function. We discuss these companion distributions and properties in the context of binary star formation and evolution. We also reanalyze the binary statistics of solar-type MS primaries, taking into account that (30+/-10)% of single-lined spectroscopic binaries likely contain white dwarf companions instead of low-mass stellar secondaries. The mean frequency of stellar companions with q > 0.1 and log P (days) < 8.0 per primary increases from 0.50+/-0.04 for solar-type MS primaries to 2.1+/-0.3 for O-type MS primaries. We fit joint probability density functions f(M_1,q,P,e) to the corrected distributions, which can be incorporated into binary population synthesis studies.

Accepted in ApJS; this version includes the updated figures, text, and equations as it appears in the accepted version; a Monte Carlo code that generates a population of zero-age MS single stars and binaries according to the corrected joint distribution f(M_1,q,P,e) is available upon request via email

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• The Redshift Evolution of the Binary Black Hole Mass Distribution from Dense Star Clusters
• Close binary evolution. III. Impact of tides, wind magnetic braking, and internal angular momentum transport
• Variability, periodicity and contact binaries in WISE
• Runaway Coalescence of Pre-Common-Envelope Stellar Binaries
• A Catalog of RV Variable Star Candidates from LAMOST
• Binary black hole mergers from young massive clusters in the pair-instability supernova mass gap
• dart_board: Binary Population Synthesis with Markov Chain Monte Carlo
• Birth of a Be star: an APOGEE search for Be stars forming through binary mass transfer
• Red Supergiants in M31: The Humphreys-Davidson limit at high metallicity
• Evaluating the impact of binary parameter uncertainty on stellar population properties
• Studies of RR Lyrae Variables in Binary Systems. I.: Evidence of a Trimodal Companion Mass Distribution
• The Binarity of Early-type Stars from LAMOST Medium-resolution Spectroscopic Survey
• The Solar Neighborhood. XLVI. Revealing New M Dwarf Binaries and their Orbital Architectures
• The Value-Added Catalog of ASAS-SN Eclipsing Binaries: Parameters of Thirty Thousand Detached Systems
• The B-type Binaries Characterisation Programme II. VFTS 291: A stripped star from a recent mass transfer phase
• Close Encounters of Wide Binaries Induced by the Galactic Tide: Implications for Stellar Mergers and Gravitational-Wave Sources
• The IACOB project VIII. Searching for empirical signatures of binarity in fast-rotating O-type stars
• Kinematic Analysis of a Protostellar Multiple System: Measuring the Protostar Masses and Assessing Gravitational Instability in the Disks of L1448 IRS3B and L1448 IRS3A
• Secular dynamics of hierarchical multiple systems composed of nested binaries, with an arbitrary number of bodies and arbitrary hierarchical structure. III. Suborbital effects: hybrid integration techniques and orbit-averaging corrections
• Binary parameters from astrometric and spectroscopic errors--candidate hierarchical triples and massive dark companions in Gaia DR3
• BIFROST: simulating compact subsystems in star clusters using a hierarchical fourth-order forward symplectic integrator code
• Evaluating chemically homogeneous evolution in stellar binaries: Electromagnetic implications -- Ionizing photons, SLSN-I, GRB, Ic-BL
• Supernova explosions interacting with aspherical circumstellar material: implications for light curves, spectral line profiles, and polarization
• Companion-driven evolution of massive stellar binaries
• Planet Hunters TESS IV: A massive, compact hierarchical triple star system TIC 470710327
• Extreme isolation of WN3/O3 stars and implications for their evolutionary origin as the elusive stripped binaries
• The role of the turbulence driving mode for the Initial Mass Function
• Criteria for Dynamical Timescale Mass Transfer of Metal-poor Intermediate-mass Stars
• Gaia Spectroscopic Orbits Validated with LAMOST and GALAH Radial Velocities
• A Stability Timescale for Non-Hierarchical Three-Body Systems
• SN1991bg-like supernovae are associated with old stellar populations
• A close-in giant planet escapes engulfment by its star
• Where are the magnetar binary companions? Candidates from a comparison with binary population synthesis predictions
• Constraints on the Galactic Centre environment from Gaia hypervelocity stars
• The impact of massive stars and black holes on the fate of open star clusters and their tidal streams
• Weighing the Galactic disk in sub-regions of the solar neighbourhood using Gaia DR2
• On The Orbital Separation Distribution and Binary Fraction of M Dwarfs
• Supernovae Producing Unbound Binaries and Triples
• On the Mass Ratio Distribution of Black Hole Mergers in Triple Systems
• Empirical Stability Boundary for Hierarchical Triples
• The effect of mass loss in models of red supergiants in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Intermediate-mass Black Holes on the Run from Young Star Clusters
• GW200208_222617 as an eccentric black-hole binary merger: properties and astrophysical implications
• A theory of mass transfer in binary stars
• Early Evolution and 3D Structure of Embedded Star Clusters
• SPH modelling of wind-companion interactions in eccentric AGB binary systems
• On the Neutron Star/Black Hole Mass Gap and Black Hole Searches
• The statistical properties of early-type stars from LAMOST DR8
• Shrinking orbits in hierarchical quadruple star systems
• Exploring the impact of IMF and binary parameter stochasticity with a binary population synthesis code
• Black hole-neutron star mergers from triples II: the role of metallicity and spin-orbit misalignment
• A high fraction of close massive binary stars at low metallicity
• SIRIUS project II: a new tree-direct hybrid code for smoothed particle hydrodynamics/N-body simulations of star clusters
• The CORALIE survey for southern extrasolar planets XIX. Brown dwarfs and stellar companions unveiled by radial velocity and astrometry
• Binary black hole mergers from merged stars in the Galactic field
• The Asteroseismic Imprints of Mass Transfer: A Case Study of a Binary Mass Gainer in the SPB Instability Strip
• The role of stellar expansion on the formation of gravitational wave sources
• Braking indices of young radio pulsars: theoretical perspective
• The delay time distribution of supernovae from integral-field spectroscopy of nearby galaxies
• The isolation of Luminous Blue Variables resembles aging B-type supergiants, not the most massive unevolved stars
• Observational Constraints on the Common Envelope Phase
• Binary black holes mergers from hierarchical triples in open clusters
• X-ray luminosity function of high-mass X-ray binaries: Studying the signatures of different physical processes using detailed binary evolution calculations
• Exploring the borderline between stable mass transfer and mergers in close binary evolution
• Mergers of Equal-Mass Binaries with Compact Object Companions from Mass Transfer in Triple Star Systems
• Mass transfer and tidally tilted pulsation in the Algol-type system TZ Dra
• Triple evolution: an important channel in the formation of type Ia supernovae
• Stellar Population Diagnostics of the Massive Star Binary Fraction
• The binary mass ratios of circumbinary planet hosts
• $\nu$ Gem: a hierarchical triple system with an outer Be star
• Resolved Gaia Triples
• New binaries from the SHINE survey
• Magnetism in High-Mass Stars
• The mystery in Gaia DR3 triples: occurrence rates, orientations, and eccentricities of wide tertiaries around close binaries
• Applying the metallicity-dependent binary fraction to double white dwarf formation: Implications for LISA
• 10,000 Resolved Triples from Gaia: Empirical Constraints on Triple Star Populations
• Bayesian Characterization of Main Sequence Binaries in the Old Open Cluster NGC 188
• Delayed Photons from Binary Evolution Help Reionize the Universe
• LISA sources from young massive and open stellar clusters
• Circumbinary Disks of the Protostellar Binary Systems in the L1551 Region
• Binary fractions of G and K dwarf stars based on the Gaia EDR3 and LAMOST DR5: impacts of the chemical abundances
• Symbiotic stars in the era of modern ground- and space-based surveys
• Did the Milky Way just light up? The recent star formation history of the Galactic disc
• How important is secular evolution for black hole and neutron star mergers in 2+2 and 3+1 quadruple-star systems?
• A spectroscopic multiplicity survey of Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars. III. The northern late-type nitrogen-rich sample
• The role of turbulence during the formation of circumbinary discs
• An Exceptional Dimming Event for a Massive, Cool Supergiant in M51
• Reverse Algols and hydrogen-rich Wolf-Rayet stars from very massive binaries
• On the impact of spectral template uncertainties in synthetic stellar populations
• Von Zeipel - Lidov - Kozai cycles in action: $Kepler$ triples with eclipse depth variations: KICs 6964043, 5653126, 5731312 and 8023317
• A Tale of Two Circularization Periods
• Massive star cluster formation II. Runaway stars as fossils of sub-cluster mergers
• Multiplicity among the cool supergiants in the Magellanic Clouds
• Binary black hole mergers from young massive and open clusters: comparison to GWTC-2 gravitational wave data
• Detecting Gravitational Self Lensing from Stellar-Mass Binaries Composed of Black Holes or Neutron Stars
• Forming Hot Subluminous Stars from Hierarchical Triples -- I. The Role of an Outer Tertiary on Formation Channels
• Detailed equilibrium and dynamical tides: impact on circularization and synchronization in open clusters
• The 50-100pc scale parent stellar populations of type II supernovae and limitations of single star evolution models
• Formation of long-period post-common-envelope binaries I. No extra energy is needed to explain oxygen-neon white dwarfs paired with AFGK-type main-sequence stars
• The first interferometric survey in the K-band of massive YSOs. On the hot dust, ionised gas, and binarity at au scales
• A radial velocity survey of the Carina Nebula's O-type stars
• ESPRESSO observations of Gaia BH1: high-precision orbital constraints and no evidence for an inner binary
• The SPHERE view of Wolf-Rayet 104
• A Mass-Magnitude Relation for Low-mass Stars Based on Dynamical Measurements of Thousands of Binary Star Systems
• Twin Jets and Close Binary Formation
• Binarity at Low Metallicity (BLOeM) -- Multiplicity properties of Oe and Be stars
• Being Careful with the Field Formation Interpretation of GW190412
• A Comparison of Rotating and Binary Stellar Evolution Models: Effects on Massive Star Populations
• Detectability of satellites around directly imaged exoplanets and brown dwarfs
• OGLE-2019-BLG-1470LABc: Another Microlensing Giant Planet in a Binary System?
• Relaxation near supermassive black holes driven by nuclear spiral arms: anisotropic hypervelocity stars, S-stars and tidal disruption events
• Double common envelope jets supernovae (CEJSNe) by triple-star systems
• The VLT/SPHERE view of the ATOMIUM cool evolved star sample. I. Overview: Sample characterization through polarization analysis
• Revising Properties of Planet-Host Binary Systems. IV. The Radius Distribution of Small Planets in Binary Star Systems is Dependent on Stellar Separation
• Dusty, Self-obscured Transients from Stellar Coalescence
• On the phase-mixed eccentricity and inclination distributions of wide binaries in the Galaxy
• Precession and polar alignment of accretion discs in triple (or multiple) stellar systems
• Mass Segregation in the Hyades Cluster
• The dependence of episodic accretion on eccentricity during the formation of binary stars
• The boring history of Gaia BH3 from isolated binary evolution
• Impact of HI cooling and study of accretion disks in AGB wind-companion smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations
• The Dynamical Roche Lobe in Hierarchical Triples
• ARMADA II: Further Detections of Inner Companions to Intermediate Mass Binaries with Micro-Arcsecond Astrometry at CHARA and VLTI
• The role of binarity and stellar rotation in the split main sequence of NGC 2422
• A Triple Star Origin For T Pyx and Other Short-Period Recurrent Novae
• Investigating episodic mass loss in evolved massive stars: I. Spectroscopy of dusty massive stars in ten southern galaxies
• A Triple Scenario for the Formation of Wide Black Hole Binaries Such As Gaia BH1
• Stellar-mass black holes in the Hyades star cluster?
• Constraints on the Galactic Centre environment from Gaia hypervelocity stars II: The evolved population
• ARMADA I: Triple Companions Detected in B-Type Binaries alpha Del and nu Gem
• Close Encounters of Tight Binary Stars with Stellar-mass Black Holes
• Intermediate Luminosity Optical Transients (ILOTs) from merging giants
• Evolved cataclysmic variables as progenitors of AM CVn stars
• Constraining the overcontact phase in massive binary evolution -- II. Period stability of known O+O overcontact systems
• Limits on a population of collisional-triples as progenitors of Type-Ia supernovae
• Stellar Triples as a Source for Ba Stars
• End-to-end study of the home and genealogy of the first binary neutron star merger
• Lower-mass-gap Black Holes in Dense Star Clusters
• The Mass Ratio Distribution of Tertiary Induced Binary Black Hole Mergers
• Ultra wide black-hole - neutron star binaries as a possible source for gravitational waves and short gamma ray bursts
• Chemical tracers of a highly eccentric AGB-main sequence star binary
• Study of the mass-ratio distribution of spectroscopic binaries. I. A novel algorithm
• On dust evolution in planet-forming discs in binary systems. II -- Comparison with Taurus and $\rho$ Ophiuchus (sub-)millimetre observations: discs in binaries have small dust sizes
• On the Simultaneous Modelling of Dust and Stellar Populations for Interpretation of Galaxy Properties
• NGTS clusters survey -- III: A low-mass eclipsing binary in the Blanco 1 open cluster spanning the fully convective boundary
• Binary Fraction Indicators in Resolved Stellar Populations and Supernova Type Ratios
• A rapid channel for the collisional formation and gravitational wave driven mergers of supermassive black hole seeds at high redshift
• The Formation of Black Holes in Non-interacting, Isolated Binaries. Gaia Black Holes as Calibrators of Stellar Winds From Massive Stars
• Long-term stability of planets in and around binary stars
• A Nitrogen-Enhanced Metal-Poor star discovered in the globular cluster ESO280-SC06
• TIC 290061484: A Triply Eclipsing Triple System with the Shortest Known Outer Period of 24.5 Days
• Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): Enhanced multiplicity of early B-type dwarfs and giants at $Z=0.2{\mathrm{Z}}_{\odot }$
• Tidal Wave Breaking in the Eccentric Lead-In to Mass Transfer and Common Envelope Phases
• Formation and Evolution of Accreting Compact Objects
• Rotation of Kepler field dwarfs and sub giants: Spectroscopic $v\sin I$ from APOGEE
• Investigating 39 Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars with VLTI/GRAVITY: Uncovering A Long Period Binary Desert
• Spectroscopic and evolutionary analyses of the binary system AzV 14 outline paths toward the WR stage at low metallicity
• Running with the Bulls: The frequency of star-disc encounters in the Taurus star forming region
• Formation and evolution of binary black holes in $N$-body simulations of star clusters with up to two million stars
• Understanding the progenitor formation galaxies of merging binary black holes
• Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): The multiplicity properties and evolution of BAF-type supergiants
• Blue Stragglers and Friends: Initial Evolutionary Pathways in Close Low-Mass Binaries: Literature Review
• On the evolutionary nature of puffed-up stripped star binaries and their occurrence in stellar populations
• An Extreme-mass Ratio, Short-period Eclipsing Binary Consisting of a B Dwarf Primary and a Pre-main Sequence M Star Companion Discovered by KELT
• Spectroscopic monitoring of rapidly-rotating early-type stars in the Pleiades cluster
• On the role of reduced wind mass-loss rate in enabling exoplanets to shape planetary nebulae
• A search for runaway stars in twelve Galactic supernova remnants
• White dwarf - main sequence star collisions from wide triples in the field
• Binary neutron star merger in common envelope jet supernovae
• Towards an understanding of long gamma-ray burst environments through circumstellar medium population synthesis predictions
• Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT 'EM) Survey: III. Recovery and Confirmation of a Temperate, Mildly Eccentric, Single-Transit Jupiter Orbiting TOI-2010
• Multiples among B stars in the Scorpius-Centaurus association
• Asymmetries and Circumstellar Interaction in the Type II SN 2024bch
• The mass distribution of stars stripped in binaries: The effect of metallicity
• Mergers prompted by dynamics in compact, multiple-star systems: a stellar-reduction case for the massive triple TIC 470710327
• Wolf-Rayet galaxies in SDSS-IV MaNGA. II. Metallicity dependence of the high-mass slope of the stellar initial mass function
• A systematic aging method I: HII regions D118 and D119 in NGC 300
• The radio pulsar population of the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Impact of binary interaction on the evolution of blue supergiants
• The galactic rate of second and third generation disc and planet formation
• Inferring binary and trinary stellar populations in photometric and astrometric surveys
• Merger rate density of stellar-mass binary black holes from young massive clusters, open clusters, and isolated binaries: comparisons with LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA results
• Symmetry breaking in merging binary black holes from young massive clusters and isolated binaries
• Extremely Inclined Orbit of S-type Planet $\gamma$ Cep Ab Induced by Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Mechanism
• Investigating Mass Segregation of the Binary Stars in the Open Cluster NGC 6819
• Uncovering new white dwarf - open cluster associations using Gaia DR3
• BiPoS1 -- a computer programme for the dynamical processing of the initial binary star population
• Gravitational-wave Observations Suggest Most Black Hole Mergers Form in Triples
• Dynamical disruption timescales and chaotic behavior of hierarchical triple systems
• Mass-Ratio Distribution of Binaries From the LAMOST-MRS Survey
• On the dynamical evolution of Cepheids in star clusters
• Are stripped envelope supernovae really deficient in ${}^{56}$Ni?
• Flare Activity of Wide Binary Stars with Kepler
• Exomoons in Systems with a Strong Perturber: Applications to $\alpha$ Cen AB
• Theoretical investigation of the occurrence of tidally excited oscillations in massive eccentric binary systems
• Orbital Eccentricity and Spin-Orbit Misalignment Are Evidence that Neutron Star-Black Hole Mergers Form through Triple Star Evolution
• Tracing the evolution of short-period binaries with super-synchronous fast rotators
• Modelling stellar evolution in mass-transferring binaries and gravitational-wave progenitors with METISSE
• A low-metallicity massive contact binary undergoing slow Case A mass transfer: A detailed spectroscopic and orbital analysis of SSN 7 in NGC 346 in the SMC
• Searching for Anomalies in the ZTF Catalog of Periodic Variable Stars
• Radio Variable and Transient Sources on Minute Timescales in the ASKAP Pilot Surveys
• CO, Water, and Possible Methanol in Eta Carinae Approaching Periastron
• 44 New & Known M Dwarf Multiples In The SDSS-III/APOGEE M Dwarf Ancillary Science Sample
• Constraints on the origins of hypervelocity stars: velocity distribution, mergers and star-formation history
• The Demographics of Binary Companions to Stripped-Envelope Supernovae: Confronting Observations with Population Synthesis
• Modeling contact binaries, III. Properties of a population of close, massive binaries
• The impact of binaries on the evolution of star clusters from turbulent molecular clouds
• Wide binaries from the H3 survey: the thick disk and halo have similar wide binary fractions
• Photometric Determination of Unresolved Main-sequence Binaries in the Pleiades: Binary Fraction and Mass Ratio Distribution
• Populations of evolved massive binary stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud II: Predictions from rapid binary evolution
• Binary fraction of O and B-type stars from LAMOST data
• Are Lithium-Rich Giants Binaries? A Radial Velocity Variability Analysis of 1,400 Giants
• New insights on binary black hole formation channels after GWTC-2: young star clusters versus isolated binaries
• The population synthesis of Wolf-Rayet stars involving binary merger channels
• Analytic Modelling of Binary-Single Encounters: Non-Thermal Eccentricity Distribution and Gravitational-Wave Source Formation
• Dust Formation and the Binary Companions of Supernovae
• Population demographics of white dwarf binaries with intermediate separations: Gaia constraints on post-AGB mass transfer
• Discovery of a binary-origin classical Cepheid in a binary system with a 59-day orbital period
• V456 Cyg: An eclipsing binary with tidally perturbed g-mode pulsations
• Multiwavelength Characterization of the High Mass X-ray Binary Population of M33
• Cyclostationary signals in LISA: a practical application to Milky Way satellites
• Occultations from an active accretion disk in a 72 day detached post-Algol system detected by K2
• Resolving the MYSO binaries PDS 27 and PDS 37 with VLTI/PIONIER
• Impact of Magnetic Braking on High-mass Close Binary Formation
• Primordial mass segregation of star clusters with primordial binaries
• BAT99 126: A multiple Wolf-Rayet system in the Large Magellanic Cloud with a massive near-contact binary
• Synthetic population of binary Cepheids. I. The effect of metallicity and initial parameter distribution on characteristics of Cepheids' companions
• One Year of SN 2023ixf: Breaking Through the Degenerate Parameter Space in Light-Curve Models with Pulsating Progenitors
• Energy Optimization in Binary Star Systems: Explanation for Equal Mass Members in Close Orbits
• BRITE observations of $\nu$ Centauri and $\gamma$ Lupi, the first non-eclipsing members of the new class of nascent binaries
• Cataclysmic Variables in Triples: Formation Models and New Discoveries
• Eclipses of continuous gravitational waves as a probe of stellar structure
• TIC 219006972: A Compact, Coplanar Quadruple Star System Consisting of Two Eclipsing Binaries with an Outer Period of 168 days
• Observational constraints on the origin of the elements. IX. 3D NLTE abundances of metals in the context of Galactic Chemical Evolution Models and 4MOST
• Lack of close-in, massive planets of main-sequence A-type stars from Kepler
• The Blue Lurker WOCS 14020: A Long-Period Post-Common-Envelope Binary in M67 Originating from a Merger in a Triple System
• Stellar activity and planetary atmosphere evolution in tight binary star systems
• A binary with a $\delta$~Scuti star and an oscillating red giant: orbit and asteroseismology of KIC9773821
• Obliquity Evolution of Circumstellar Planets in Sun-like Stellar Binaries
• Electromagnetic transients and gravitational waves from white dwarf disruptions by stellar black holes in triple systems
• A detailed view on the circumstellar environment of the M-type AGB star EP Aquarii I. High-resolution ALMA and SPHERE observations
• Discovery of a resolved white dwarf-brown dwarf binary with a small projected separation: SDSS J222551.65+001637.7AB
• Bringing Stellar Evolution & Feedback Together: Summary of proposals from the Lorentz Center Workshop, 2022
• Hypercritical accretion during common envelopes in triples leading to binary black holes in the pair-instability-supernova mass gap
• New constraints on the Bray conservation-of-momentum natal kick model from multiple distinct observations
• On aging star clusters using red supergiants independent of the fraction of interacting binary stars
• Misaligned circumbinary disks as efficient progenitors of interstellar asteroids
• Polygram Stars: Resonant Tidal Excitation of Fundamental Oscillation Modes in Asynchronous Stellar Coalescence
• An interferometric study of B star multiplicity
• Monte Carlo simulations of multiple populations in globular clusters: constraints on the initial size of the second generation from binary stars
• Evolution of eccentric stellar disks around supermassive black holes: the complex disk disruption dynamics and the milliparsec stars
• Luminous Blue Variables
• Updated orbital monitoring and dynamical masses for nearby M-dwarf binaries
• Mass-stream trajectories with non-synchronously rotating donors
• Analytic approximations for massive close post-mass transfer binary systems
• Searching for Magnetar Binaries Disrupted by Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Simulating the deposition of angular momentum by jets in common envelope evolution
• Statistical properties of habitable zones in stellar binary systems
• Binary Natal Kicks in the Galactic Center: X-ray Binaries, Hypervelocity Stars, and Gravitational Waves
• A low-mass companion desert among intermediate-mass visual binaries: The scaled-up counterpart to the brown dwarf desert
• Galactic population of black holes in detached binaries with low-mass stripped helium stars: the case of LB-1 (LS~V+22~25)
• BH-BH mergers with & without EM counterpart: A model for stable tertiary mass transfer in hierarchical triple systems
• UVIT Study of the MAgellanic Clouds (U-SMAC) II. A Far-UV catalog of the Small Magellanic Cloud: Morphology and Kinematics of young stellar population
• The closest extremely low-mass white dwarf to the Sun
• The more accurately the metal-dependent star formation rate is modeled, the larger the predicted excess of binary black hole mergers
• The Carina High-contrast Imaging Project for massive Stars (CHIPS): II. O stars in Trumpler~14
• Development of convective envelopes in massive stars: Implications for gravitational wave sources
• Investigating three Sirius-like systems with SPHERE
• WR + O binaries as probes of the first phase of mass transfer
• Testing tidal theory using Gaia binaries: the red giant branch
• Prompt stellar and binary black hole mergers in tight triples: Insights from chemically homogeneous evolution
• Empirical Constraints on Core Collapse Supernova Yields using Very Metal Poor Damped Lyman Alpha Absorbers
• Exploring Thousands of Nearby Hierarchical Systems with Gaia and Speckle Interferometry
• Detection of single-degenerate massive binaries with Gaia: The impact of blue supergiants, triples, mass precision, and high-precision parallax requirements
• Kinematics of Luminous Blue Variables in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Analyzing the Habitable Zones of Circumbinary Planets Using Machine Learning
• Parasite common envelope evolution by triple-star systems
• Giant planets population around B stars from the first part of the BEAST survey
• The enigmatic double-peaked stripped-envelope SN 2023aew
• Applications of Stellar Population Synthesis in the Distant Universe
• The spectroscopic binary fraction of the young stellar cluster M17
• The nearest discovered black hole is likely not in a triple configuration
• Wide binary pulsars from electron-capture supernovae
• Gravitational wave spectral synthesis
• Supernovae from stellar mergers and accretors of binary mass transfer: Implications for Type IIP, 1987A-like and interacting supernovae
• The completeness of the open cluster census towards the Galactic anticentre
• The Equilibrium Tide: An Updated Prescription for Population Synthesis Codes
• A Search for Unbound Stellar Companions to Pulsar J1124-5916
• Searching for ejected supernova companions in the era of precise proper motion and radial velocity measurements
• Validation of Gaia DR3 orbital and acceleration solutions with hierarchical triples
• Rethinking mass transfer: a unified semi-analytical framework for circular and eccentric binaries. I. Orbital evolution due to conservative mass transfer
• The likelihood of not detecting cavity-carving companions in transition discs -- A statistical approach
• Reconstructing post-common envelope white dwarf+main sequence binary histories through inverse population synthesis techniques
• Finding binaries from phase modulation of pulsating stars with \textit{Kepler}: VI. Orbits for 10 new binaries with mischaracterised primaries
• VFTS 243 as predicted by the BPASS fiducial models
• Don't believe the hype(r): The Yellow Supergiants of Westerlund 1
• The Evolution of Binaries Embedded Within Common Envelopes
• An ALMA search for substructure and fragmentation in starless cores in Orion B North
• Autonomous Disentangling for Spectroscopic Surveys
• Statistics of Magrathea exoplanets beyond the Main Sequence. Simulating the long-term evolution of circumbinary giant planets with TRES
• A binary origin for the first isolated stellar-mass black hole detected with astrometric microlensing
• On the dynamical evolution of Cepheid multiplicity in star clusters and its implications for B-star multiplicity at birth
• A Speckle-Imaging Search for Close and Very Faint Companions to the Nearest and Brightest Wolf-Rayet Stars
• The GALAH survey: unresolved triple Sun-like stars discovered by the Gaia mission
• ATOMIUM: Continuum emission and evidence of dust enhancement from binary motion
• DUETS: Setting expectations for asteroseismic binaries and binary products with synthetic populations
• Dynamical masses across the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
• Exploring extreme brightness variations in blue supergiant MACHO 80.7443.1718: Evidence for companion-driven enhanced mass loss
• The onset of stellar multiplicity in massive star formation: A search for low-mass companions of massive young stellar objects with $L^{\prime }$-band adaptive optics imaging
• A Be Star + He Star Binary as an Indicator of a Binary Mass Transfer Phase
• Photometric Determination of Main-Sequence Binaries with Gaia
• Optical characterization and Radial velocity monitoring with Belgian and Indian Telescopes (ORBIT): the eclipsing binaries EPIC 211982753 and EPIC 211915147
• Binary imposters: Mergers in massive hierarchical triple stars
• The mass distribution of stellar mergers: A new scenario for several FS CMa stars
• Natal kicks of compact objects
• Population Synthesis of Black Hole Binaries with Compact Star Companions
• Compact object populations over cosmic time II. Compact object merger rates and masses over redshift from varying initial conditions
• The origins of low-luminosity supernovae: the case of SN 2016bkv
• Eppur si eclissa: Eccentric low-mass companions and time-in-dust selection explain long secondary periods
• Constraints on the Binarity of the WN3/O3 Class of Wolf-Rayet Stars
• The Eclipsing Binaries via Artificial Intelligence. II. Need for Speed in PHOEBE Forward Models
• The S stars' zone of avoidance in the Galactic center
• Population synthesis of hot subdwarf B stars with COMPAS: on the observed Galactic population
• An upper limit on the frequency of short-period black hole companions to Sun-like stars
• Not that simple: the metallicity dependence of the wide binary fraction changes with separation and stellar mass
• On the mass-function of GWTC-2 binary black hole systems and their progenitors
• A Measurement of Stellar Surface Gravity Hidden in Radial Velocity Differences of Co-moving Stars
• Synthetic Population of Binary Cepheids. II. The effect of companion light on the extragalactic distance scale
• HIP 15429: A newborn Be star on an eccentric binary orbit
• Effects of Flux Variation on the Surface Temperatures of Earth-like Circumbinary Planets
• Half a Million Binary Stars from the low resolution spectra of LAMOST
• Simulation-based population inference of LISA's Galactic binaries: Bypassing the global fit
• An observational study of rotation and binarity of Galactic O-type runaway stars
• Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background from PBH-ABH Mergers
• A spectroscopic quadruple as a possible progenitor of sub-Chandrasekhar Type Ia supernovae
• Great Balls of FIRE IV. The contribution of massive star clusters to the astrophysical population of merging binary black holes
• The Small Separation A-Star Companion Population: First Results with CHARA/MIRC-X
• Pairing function of visual binary stars
• Building and Calibrating the Binary Star Population Using Kepler Data
• Massive stellar triples on the edge: A numerical study of the evolution and final outcomes of destabilized massive triples
• The origin of ultramassive white dwarfs: hints from Gaia EDR3
• A survey for variable young stars with small telescopes: VI -- Analysis of the outbursting Be stars NSW284, Gaia19eyy, and VES263
• The luminous red nova AT 2018bwo in NGC 45 and its binary yellow supergiant progenitor
• Small and Close-In Planets are Uncommon Around A-type Stars
• The former companion of the hyper-velocity star S5-HVS1
• Evidence for the Keplerian orbit of a close companion around a giant star
• The binary fraction of Blue Horizontal-Branch (BHB) Stars
• Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): Projected rotational velocities
• Exploring GRBs and supernovae connection: does a superluminous hypernova population exist?
• Dust around massive stars is agnostic to galactic environment: New insights from PHAT/BEAST
• A possible formation scenario of the Gaia ID 3425577610762832384: inner binary merger inside a triple common envelope
• LAMOST medium-resolution spectroscopic survey of binarity and exotic star (LAMOST-MRS-B): Observation strategy and target selection
• Binary Formation in a 100 $\mu$m-dark Massive Core
• Extreme resonant eccentricity excitation of stars around merging black-hole binary
• Massive star cluster formation III. Early mass segregation during cluster assembly
• Mapping Progenitors of Binary Black Holes and Neutron Stars with Binary Population Synthesis
• Wolf-Rayet -- compact object binaries as progenitors of binary compact objects
• A rapidly fading star as a type II obscuring intermediate luminosity optical transient (ILOT) in a triple star system
• The evolution of accretor stars in binary systems due to accretion of increasingly helium-rich material
• Resolving Pleiades binary stars with Gaia and speckle interferometric observations
• Impact of accretion-induced chemically homogeneous evolution on stellar and compact binary populations
• The role of triple evolution in the formation of LISA double white dwarfs
• Simulating the outcome of binary neutron star merger in common envelope jets supernovae
• Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): Bayesian inference of natal kicks from inert black hole binaries
• Betelgeuse's Buddy: X-Ray Constraints on the Nature of $\alpha$ Ori B
• The structure and evolution of a high-mass stellar merger in the Hertzsprung gap
• Power density spectra morphologies of seismically unresolved red-giant asteroseismic binaries
• New Field OB and OBe Binaries of the SMC Wing: Observational Properties and Population Modeling
• First Star Survivors as Metal-Rich Halo Stars that Experienced Supernova Explosions in Binary Systems
• Where are the binaries? -- Searching for blue horizontal-branch stars in binary systems in the inner Galactic Halo
• The OATMEAL Survey. III. An Aligned Transiting Warm Brown Dwarf and Evidence for Quiescent Brown Dwarf Migration
• The demographics of core-collapse supernovae. The role of binary evolution and CSM interaction
• Astrometric view of companions in the inner dust cavities of protoplanetary disks
• Observations of red giants with suspected massive companions
• Binary stellar evolution yields in galactic chemical evolution calculations
• The evolutionary and asteroseismic imprints of mass accretion. The 10 M${}_{\odot }$ $\beta$ Cep case study
• A search for Be stars in multiple systems within the solar neighborhood
• Detailed Simulations of Massive Hierarchical Triple Star Systems - Exploring the impact of the stellar physics on the evolutionary pathways of massive hierarchical triple systems
• Studying Binary Systems in Omega Centauri with MUSE. I. Detection of Spectroscopic Binaries
• Yields from massive stars in binaries. Chemical evolution of the Milky Way disk
• Wide-binary eccentricity distribution in young star clusters: dependence on the binary separation and mass
• Strong Variability in AzV 493, an Extreme Oe-Type Star in the SMC
• HD 42477: coupled r modes, g modes and a p mode in an A0Vnne star
• Local merger rates of double neutron stars
• Detailed Evolutionary Models for Twins in Sight of New Spectral Data: AN Cam, RS Ari, and V455 Aur
• The Initial Magnetic Field Distribution in AB Stars
• Simulating Eclipsing Binary Yields of the Rubin Observatory in the Galactic Field and Star Clusters
• Multiplicity Statistics of Stars in the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy: Comparison to the Milky Way
• A comprehensive Gaia view of ellipsoidal and rotational red giant binaries
• Where to find over-massive brown dwarfs: new benchmark systems for binary evolution
• Binary neutron star merger offsets from their host galaxies II. Short-duration gamma-ray bursts
• Orbit determination for the binary Cepheid V1344 Aql
• Asteroseismically Inferred Ages of 132,000 Red Giants with TESS
• Searching for Surviving Companion in the Young SMC Supernova Remnant 1E 0102.2-7219
• Beyond binarity in A stars II. Disentangling the four stars in the vicinity of the triple HIP 87813 within the quintuple system HJ2814
• ASAS Census of Twins
• Chemical evolution of close massive binaries -- tidally-enhanced or tidally-suppressed mixing?
• A high stellar multiplicity rate amongst TESS planet candidates in the Neptunian desert using Gaia DR3 astrometry
• The Eccentricity Distribution of Wide Binaries
• Carbon from massive binary-stripped stars over cosmic time: effect of metallicity
• Evaluating the gravitational wave detectability of globular clusters and the Magellanic Clouds for LISA
• Thorne-Żytkow Objects
• On rare core collapse supernovae inside planetary nebulae
• Hot Stars in the GALEX Ultraviolet Sky Surveys (GUVcat_AISxSDSS_HS) and the Binary Fraction of Hot Evolved Stars
• Revealing the elusive companion of the red giant binary 2MASSJ05215658+4359220 from UV HST and Astrosat-UVIT data
• Double neutron star formation via consecutive type II supernova explosions
• Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transients as "Failed" Gravitational-wave Sources: Helium Core$-$Black Hole Mergers Following Delayed Dynamical Instability
• Stellar velocity distributions in binary-rich ultrafaint dwarf galaxies
• The bound origin of low-mass stellar binaries
• The bright long-lived Type II SN 2021irp powered by aspherical circumstellar material interaction (II): Estimating the CSM mass and geometry with polarimetry and light curve modeling
• Gravitational wave backgrounds from coalescing black hole binaries at cosmic dawn: an upper bound
• Hertzsprung gap stars in nearby galaxies and the Quest for Luminous Red Novae Progenitors
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: new spectroscopic binaries in the Milky Way
• Unequivocal detection of the tidal deformation of a red giant in a binary system via interferometry
• Asteroseismic Imprints of Mass Transfer in Binary Stars: Probing the Interiors of Donors and Accretors with Gravity and Acoustic Modes
• The effects of unresolved double-degenerates in the white dwarf luminosity function
• Compact object populations over cosmic time I. BOSSA: a Binary Object environment-Sensitive Sampling Algorithm
• Symbiotic binaries in the Gaia data. I. Known symbiotics in DR3 and FPR
• Calibration of Uncertainties of the Gaia DR3 Catalog Based on Data on Wide Binary Stars of the Galaxy Field
• Planetary architectures under the influence of a stellar binary
• Nominal thresholds for good astrometric fits, and prospects for binary detectability, for the full extended Gaia mission
• Disk Evolution Study Through Imaging of Nearby Young Stars (DESTINYS): V721 CrA and BN CrA have wide and structured disks in polarised IR
• Stellar masses and mass ratios for Gaia open cluster members
• Good things come to those who wait: Watching donor stars evolve towards a mass-transfer instability
• A Recent Supermassive Black Hole Binary in the Galactic Center Unveiled by the Hypervelocity Stars
• Explaining supernova remnant G352.7-0.1 as a peculiar type Ia supernova inside a planetary nebula
• Dynamical mass of a solar-like oscillator at the main-sequence turnoff from Gaia astrometry & ground-based spectroscopy
• Red supergiant stars in binary systems II. Confirmation of B-type companions of red supergiants in the Small Magellanic Cloud using Hubble ultra-violet spectroscopy
• Population Synthesis of Gravitational Wave Sources
• Aluminium-26 production in low- and intermediate-mass binary systems
• Characterisation of the eclipsing post-common-envelope binary TIC 60040774
• MUSE IFU observations of galaxies hosting Tidal Disruption Events
• Detection of two totally eclipsing B-type binaries with extremely low mass ratios
• TYCHO -- Realistically Simulating Exoplanets within Stellar Clusters I: Improving the Monte Carlo Approach
• Stellar initial mass function in the 100-pc solar neighbourhood
• KIC 6951642: confirmed Kepler $\gamma$ Doradus-$\delta$ Scuti star with intermediate to fast rotation in a possible single-lined binary system
• Comparing population synthesis models of compact double white dwarfs to electromagnetic observations
• Type Ia Supernovae from First-generation Stars
• Detailed evolutionary models of massive contact binaries: I. Model grids and synthetic populations for the Magellanic Clouds
• Onset of common envelope evolution during a core helium flash by rapid envelope expansion
• The Formation of Double Hot Jupiter Systems through von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai Migration
• Survey of Orion Disks with ALMA (SODA) III: Disks in wide binary systems in L1641 and L1647
• The highest mass Kepler red giants -- II. Spectroscopic parameters, the amplitude-activity relation, and unexpected halo orbits
• Double-lined spectroscopic binaries in the APOGEE DR16 and DR17 data
• Detection and characterisation of two VLM binaries: LP 1033-31 and LP 877-72
• Towards systematic searches for LISA white dwarf binaries with multiband photometry
• Interpreting Galaxy Properties with Improved Modelling
• Neutron Star-Main Sequence Collisions Robustly Form Dynamically Stable Thorne-Żytkow Objects
• Gaia20fnr: A binary-lens microlensing event with full orbital motion revealed by four space telescopes
• FROST-CLUSTERS -- III. Metallicity-dependent intermediate mass black hole formation by runaway collisions in dense star clusters
• RR Lyrae stars with variable mean magnitudes
• Stellar rotation bifurcation caused by tidal locking in the open cluster NGC 2287?
• From gas to stars: MUSEings on the internal evolution of IC 1613
• The influence of rotation and metallicity on the explodability of massive stars
• Low-mass stellar and substellar candidate companions around massive stars in Sco OB1 and M17
• PSF-based Analysis for Detecting Unresolved Wide Binaries
• FINKER: Frequency Identification through Nonparametric KErnel Regression in astronomical time series
• Discovery of a 310-day Period from the Enshrouded Massive System NaSt1 (WR 122)
• Constraints on star formation in Orion A from Gaia
• Can Big Black Holes Merge with the Smallest Black Holes?
• Impact of a binary companion in AGB outflows on CO spectral lines
• WR 63: A multiple system (O+O)+WR ?
• Effects of a non-universal IMF and binary parameter correlations on compact binary mergers
• The SPHERE view of multiple star formation
• Testing Evolutionary Models with Red Supergiant and Wolf-Rayet Populations
• Accretion induced merger leading to core collapse supernovae in old stellar populations
• Two categories of UV-upturn galaxies revealed by semi-analytic models
• TIC 454140642: A Compact, Coplanar, Quadruple-lined Quadruple Star System Consisting of Two Eclipsing Binaries
• On the detectability and parameterisation of binary stars through spectral energy distributions
• Gravitational wave energy spectral density properties from BPASS Galactic binary population in the Milky Way galaxy
• A Low Metallicity Massive Contact Binary Star System Candidate in WLM identified by Hubble and James Webb Space Telescope imaging
• Adiabatic Mass Loss In Binary Stars. VI. Massive Helium Binary Stars
• Trans-Fe elements from Type Ia Supernovae. I. Heavy element nucleosynthesis during the formation of near-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs
• Astrophotometric search for massive stars in the Milky way. Confronting Random Forest predictions with available spectroscopy
• Three-dimensional simulations of accretion disks in pre-CE systems
• An Eccentric Massive Protobinary Assembled via a Core-merger Parabolic Encounter
• Looking for Signs of Unresolved Binarity in the Continuum of LAMOST Stellar Spectra
• Self-lensing binaries as probes of Supernova physics
• The Progenitor Systems of Classical Novae in M31
• Hubble Space Telescope Snapshot Survey for Resolved Companions of Galactic Cepheids: Final Results
• Stellar multiplicity and stellar rotation: Insights from APOGEE
• The effect of near-core mixing on rejuvenation and the asteroseismic properties of massive accretors
• Variable Stars in M31 Stellar Clusters from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury
• TOI-7154b: A Close-in Massive Brown Dwarf in an Eccentric Orbit
• The eccentricity distribution of wide binaries and their individual measurements
• Evolving Low- and Intermediate-Mass Binaries: Departures from Classical Theory
• The Emergence of Multiple Populations in Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of Cluster Formation
• Evolution of Massive Main-sequence Stars in Rapid Population Synthesis. I. Framework and Implementation
• Estimating Transient Rates from Cosmological Simulations and BPASS
• Quantifying Systematic Age Discrepancies in Very Young Star Clusters
• Impact of Massive Binary Star and Cosmic Evolution on Gravitational Wave Observations II: Double Compact Object Rates and Properties
• Identification of false positive double-lined spectroscopic binaries in LAMOST-MRS data due to moonlight contamination
• Non-parametric identification of single-lined binary candidates in young clusters using single-epoch spectroscopy
• Accretion Kinematics in the T Tauri Binary TWA 3A: Evidence for Preferential Accretion onto the TWA 3A Primary
• Formation of massive multiple-star systems: early migration and mergers
• Contribution of binary stars to the velocity dispersion inside OB associations with Gaia DR2 data
• Modern tidal interaction models for rapid binary population synthesis: I. Methods
• Dyad: a binary-star dynamics and statistics library for Python
• The symphony of pulsations and binarity among massive stars using HERMES spectroscopy and TESS photometry
• Evidence for Dynamical Filtering: High Binary Fraction, Hard-binary Excess, and Unresolved Triples in the Surviving Core of NGC 6791
• Formation of black holes from He stars
• The Properties of Fast Yellow Pulsating Supergiants: FYPS Point the Way to Missing Red Supergiants
• Impact of stellar rotation on type II supernova progenitor masses from pre-explosion imaging
• Blending from binarity in microlensing searches toward the Large Magellanic Cloud
• The Age of the R127 & R128 Clusters: Implications for the LBV
• Tidal disruptions of close white dwarf binaries by intermediate mass black holes
• Host galaxies and electromagnetic counterparts to binary neutron star mergers across the cosmic time: Detectability of GW170817-like events
• Forming Double Neutron Stars using Detailed Binary Evolution Models with POSYDON: Comparison to the Galactic Systems
• Supernovae in colliding-wind binaries: observational signatures in the first year
• A Quadruple Excess in Wide Binary Systems: Evidence for Correlated Binary Formation
• KIC 6464285: A Solar-type Eclipsing Binary in a Hierarchical Triple System with Quasi-periodic Out-of-eclipse Modulations
• Bayesian discrimination of the panchromatic spectral energy distribution modelings of galaxies