The Spectroscopic Binaries from LAMOST Medium-Resolution Survey (MRS). I. Searching for Double-lined Spectroscopic Binaries (SB2s) with Convolutional Neural Network

Abstract

We developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to distinguish the double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2s) from others based on single exposure medium-resolution spectra ($R\sim 7,500$). The training set consists of a large set of mock spectra of single stars and binaries synthesized based on the MIST stellar evolutionary model and ATLAS9 atmospheric model. Our model reaches a novel theoretic false positive rate by adding a proper penalty on the negative sample (e.g., 0.12\% and 0.16\% for the blue/red arm when the penalty parameter $\Lambda =16$). Tests show that the performance is as expected and favors FGK-type Main-sequence binaries with high mass ratio ($q\ge 0.7$) and large radial velocity separation ($\Delta v\ge 50\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$). Although the real false positive rate can not be estimated reliably, validating on eclipsing binaries identified from Kepler light curves indicates that our model predicts low binary probabilities at eclipsing phases (0, 0.5, and 1.0) as expected. The color-magnitude diagram also helps illustrate its feasibility and capability of identifying FGK MS binaries from spectra. We conclude that this model is reasonably reliable and can provide an automatic approach to identify SB2s with period $\lesssim 10$ days. This work yields a catalog of binary probabilities for over 5 million spectra of 1 million sources from the LAMOST medium-resolution survey (MRS), and a catalog of 2198 SB2 candidates whose physical properties will be analyzed in our following-up paper. Data products are made publicly available at the journal as well as our Github website.

19 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS

References in corpus (32)

• The Gaia mission
• The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
• The K2 Mission: Characterization and Early results
• The Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE): first data release
• The GALAH Survey: Scientific Motivation
• Abundance Estimates for 16 Elements in 6 Million Stars from LAMOST DR5 Low-Resolution Spectra
• A wide star-black-hole binary system from radial-velocity measurements
• The Joker: A custom Monte Carlo sampler for binary-star and exoplanet radial velocity data
• Close Binary Companions to APOGEE DR16 Stars: 20,000 Binary-star Systems Across the Color-Magnitude Diagram
• Deriving the stellar labels of LAMOST spectra with Stellar LAbel Machine (SLAM)
• Binary Population Synthesis
• Self-consistent Stellar Radial Velocities from LAMOST Medium-Resolution Survey (MRS) DR7
• Signatures of unresolved binaries in stellar spectra: implications for spectral fitting
• The Galah Survey: Classification and diagnostics with t-SNE reduction of spectral information
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: double, triple and quadruple-line spectroscopic binary candidates
• SPCANet: Stellar Parameters and Chemical Abundances Network for LAMOST-II Medium Resolution Survey
• The binarity of Milky Way F,G,K stars as a function of effective temperature and metallicity
• Phase II of the LAMOST-Kepler/K2 survey. I. Time series of medium-resolution spectroscopic observations
• Double-lined Spectroscopic Binary Stars in the Radial Velocity Experiment Survey
• The Close Binary Fraction as a Function of Stellar Parameters in APOGEE: A Strong Anti-Correlation With $\alpha$ Abundances
• Stellar loci II. a model-free estimate of the binary fraction for field FGK stars
• Double-, triple-line spectroscopic candidates in the LAMOST Medium-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey
• Overview of the LAMOST-$Kepler$ project
• Cycle-StarNet: Bridging the gap between theory and data by leveraging large datasets
• The RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE): Parameterisation of RAVE spectra based on convolutional neural networks
• Exploring the spectral \textit{information content} in the LAMOST medium-resolution survey (MRS)
• Smoking Gun of the Dynamical Processing of the Solar-type Field Binary Stars
• Minute-cadence Observations of the LAMOST Fields with the TMTS: I. Methodology of Detecting Short-period Variables and Results from the first-year Survey
• A Catalog of Short Period Spectroscopic and Eclipsing Binaries Identified from the LAMOST & PTF Surveys
• Asteroseismology of RRab variable star EZ Cnc from K2 photometry and LAMOST spectroscopy
• LTD064402+245919: A Subgiant with a 1-3 M${}_{\odot }$ Undetected Companion Identified from LAMOST-TD Data
• LAMOST J040643.69+542347.8: the fastest Rotator in the Galaxy

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Data mining techniques on astronomical spectra data. II : Classification Analysis
• Detection of 2460 SB2 candidates in the LAMOST-MRS, using projected rotational velocities and a binary spectral model
• The Eclipsing Binaries from the LAMOST Medium-resolution Survey.III. A High-precision Empirical Stellar Mass Library
• The Value-Added Catalog of ASAS-SN Eclipsing Binaries II: Properties of Extra-Physics Systems
• Stellar X-ray activity and habitability revealed by ROSAT sky survey
• Half a Million Binary Stars from the low resolution spectra of LAMOST
• Magnetism in LAMOST CP stars observed by TESS
• Millions of Main-Sequence Binary Stars from Gaia BP/RP Spectra
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: new spectroscopic binaries in the Milky Way
• A Spectroscopic Modelling Method for the Detached Eclipsing Binaries to Derive Atmospheric Parameters
• Identification of false positive double-lined spectroscopic binaries in LAMOST-MRS data due to moonlight contamination
• IY Lyr: A Thick-Disk first-overtone RR Lyrae Star with a Possible Neutron Star Companion